CellEngClickerQuestions PDF

1\. In the context of biohybrid systems used for medical applications, each type of taxis (directional response to a stimulus) is matched with a possible complication or challenge. Which pairing does not make sense? A. Chemotaxis: Poor temporal resolution B. Electric Current: Cell damage C. Opt...

1\. In the context of biohybrid systems used for medical applications, each type of taxis (directional response to a stimulus) is matched with a possible complication or challenge. Which pairing does not make sense? A. Chemotaxis: Poor temporal resolution B. Electric Current: Cell damage C. Optogenetics: Poor light penetration **D. Magnetotaxis: Magnetotaxis systems only function when aligned with Earth\'s magnetic north pole.** 2\. What is NOT a mechanism of skin tissue regeneration? a\. Promotion of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway **b. hMSCs inducing inflammatory responses to increase blood flow to the epidermis** c\. Growth factors like EGF stimulate keratinocyte migration d\. Increased blood vessel production transports additional oxygen and nutrients to the wound site 3\. What makes TNBC so dangerous and difficult to treat? A. It lacks Estrogen, Progesterone, and HER2 receptors. B. TNBC is a highly invasive cancer/it is prone to metastasis. C. Current therapies have limited efficacy. **D. All of the above** 4\. Which is NOT a reason RG108 chosen as the small molecule used in this study A\) It has been used to treat cancer and ALS B\) It has been widely studied as opposed to other, possibly more effective molecules C\) It is a DNMT inhibitor that reduces DNA methylation **D) It has been proven to reduce AD symptoms like amyloid and tau pathology** 5\. Which vector has been most used to address HIV? A Adeno-associated viral vectors B Retroviral vectors **C Lentivectors** D Adenoviral vectors 6\. Which of the following best describes the role of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in hypoxic cancer environments? A\) They are rapidly degraded in hypoxic conditions, preventing angiogenesis. **B) They stabilize under hypoxic conditions, promoting tumor growth and angiogenesis.** C\) They are inactive in both normoxic and hypoxic environments, limiting tumor progression. D\) They directly suppress cancer cell proliferation and pluripotency under hypoxia. 7\. Which of the following is NOT a goal of the proposed BCL11a siRNA therapy for sickle cell disease? **A. Increased expression of BCL11a** B. Reduced β-globin (\"normal\" hemoglobin) expression C. Increased expression of γ-globin and fetal hemoglobin (HbF) D. Reduced cell sickling/aggregation 8\. What parameters are NOT essential in creating the optimal culture environment for iPSCs in the batch/suspension culture? A\) Growth and differentiation kinetic parameters B\) Cytokine/Nutrient concentrations **C) The cell type they will differentiate to** D\) Temperature and stir rate 9\. What is the primary purpose of using localized delivery of Bindarit in the treatment of endometriosis? **a) To reduce systemic side effects and increase drug concentration at the lesion site** b\) To enhance systemic circulation of the drug c\) To make surgical treatment of endometriosis more effective d\) To make Bindarit a more potent drug 10\. Which of following statement is FALSE? A. During metastasis, tumor cells lose epithelial traits and become migratory via EMT. B. KLF4 is a Yamanaka factor in reprogramming iPSC. **C. As KLF4 improves stemness in iPSC, it will enhance EMT and metastasis in cancer cell.** D. Metastatic cells form smaller tumorsphere in vitro. 11\. What category of bispecific antibodies does the previously-mentioned BiTE for multiple myeloma fall into? A\) Binds to one kind of immune cell (B-cell) antigen and another type of immune cell (T-cell) antigen B\) Binds to two antigens on tumor (multiple myeloma) cells **C) Binds to one tumor (multiple myeloma) antigen and one immune-cell (T-cell) antigen** D\) Binds to one tumor (multiple myeloma) antigen and one immune-cell (B-cell) antigen 12\. Which of the following nanoparticles are commonly used for their antimicrobial properties? A\) Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) B\) Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) C\) Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) **D) All of the above** 13\. What is the primary focus of the research in the two specific aimsdescribed? A\) Developing a vaccine for colorectal cancer. **B) Understanding the role of Wnt signaling in regulating ISC dynamics.** C\) Investigating the genetic mutations responsible for pancreatic cancer. D\) Studying the effects of inflammatory cytokines on intestinal health. 14\. Which of the following is NOT a way that CAR-Ms fight cancer? A. Reprogramming the TME into a more proinflammatory state B. Increasing antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis C. Enhancing antigen presentation **D. Activating the complement system** 15\. Which of the following is NOT a function of DNA origami? **A. Self-replication** B. Target recognition C. Spatial ligand presentation D. Environment sensing & response 16\. What is NOT correct for the combination therapy? **(A) The nanoparticles carrying MUC1 mRNA are targeted to tumor cells** \(B) The efficacy of different treatments can be assessed by the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells \(C) Anti-PD-1 will act on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to regulate tumor expansion \(D) Combination therapy is expected to use less dosage than monotherapy 17\. When TNFα-induced apoptosis and CD28-CD86 costimulatory binding occur, how would you expect the mRNA expression levels of BCL2 and IFNγ to change, respectively? A\) Up-regulated; down-regulated B\) Up-regulated; up-regulated C\) Down-regulated; down-regulated **D) Down-regulated; Up-regulated** 18\. What is the role of Mn²⁺? **A) Activate cGAS** B\) Activate IRF3 C\) Suppress STING D\) Mn²⁺ has no role 19\. Which statement best describes the potential of the liposome-R848 delivery system in treating pancreatic cancer? A. It modulates the tumor microenvironment B. It repolarizes M2 (anti-inflammatory) to M1 (pro-inflammatory) status C. Liposome encapsulation increases the uptake rate of R848 by macrophages **D. All of the above** 20\. What is the purpose of having two scFvs on our CAR-T cell? A\) Increase binding affinity **B) Increase binding specificity** C\) Increase cytotoxicity D\) Increase activation rate E\) Increase proliferation rate 21\. What downstream pathways does the piezo1 channel affect? A\) Cell Morphology B\) Differentiation C\) Cell Migration **D) All of the above** 22\. What is not an advantage of UCB? A. Less Immunogenic B. Proliferation capacity C. Used for allogeneic transplantation **D. Used for autologous transplantation** 23\. Transfusion of artificial red blood cells (aRBCs) would NOT be clinically indicated for which of the following: A. Acute blood loss \> 30% of blood volume **B. Low erythropoietin (EPO) due to chronic kidney disease** C. Sickle cell crisis D. Symptomatic anemia 24\. Which of the following is the primary goal of using tumor specific artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) in cancer treatment? A\) Reducing chemotherapy dosage B\) Inhibiting angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment **C) Activate tumor-specific T cells for a targeted immune response** D\) Block hormone receptors to slow tumor growth 25\. What was the key finding from using patient-derived mesothelioma tumor organoids for drug testing? A\) The organoids showed a uniform response to chemotherapy across all patient samples. **B) Patient-derived tumor organoids accurately predicted drug responses and personalized treatment strategies.** C\) No clear correlation was found between clinical outcomes and in vitro results. D\) Mesothelioma organoids failed to grow in the presence of immune cells, limiting their use for therapeutic testing.