Biophysics Questions and Answers PDF

Biophysics Questions and Answers Developed: 1. How does the absolute error of the radioactive counting result change if it is measured for four times as long at essentially constant activity? - Reduced to a quarter - Does not change - Doubles in size - Halved 2. Which quantity is not an...

Biophysics Questions and Answers Developed: 1. How does the absolute error of the radioactive counting result change if it is measured for four times as long at essentially constant activity? - Reduced to a quarter - Does not change - Doubles in size - Halved 2. Which quantity is not an SI base unit? - Speed - Luminous intensity - Weight - Temperature 3. The stochastic biological effect - Inheritable - For it to occur, the dose must be greater than a threshold - Its threshold dose strongly depends on the type of ionizing radiation - In its case, with increasing dose, the frequency of action increases 4. Where does the direction of the light beam passing through the human eye change the most? - At the border between the lens of the eye and the vitreous body - At entry into the cornea - At the border of aqueous humour and lens of the eye - No unequivocal answer can be given 5. How does the volumetric velocity of a viscous liquid depend on the pressure difference? - It increases proportionally to the fourth power of the pressure difference - Inversely proportional to the pressure difference - Does not depend on the pressure difference - Directly proportional to the pressure difference 6. Which statements are true? - The osmosis pressure is equal to the partial pressure of the solvent - If the sound source approaches the detector, the detected frequency is greater than the emitted frequency - One type of ideal fluid is the non-Newtonian fluid - If Stokes' law is applicable, the diffusion constant is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the medium 7. What isotopes are used to measure blood dilution volume? - 123I - 51Cr - 99mTe - 131I 8. Which of the following statements are true? - If the light beam enters a medium with a higher refractive index into a medium with a lower refractive index, the angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence - The passing speed of higher notes is less than that of lower notes - Thermography does not use electromagnetic radiation - Mediated diffusion is faster than simple diffusion 9. The decay constant of a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 1 second is approximately: - 0.7 s - 0.7/s - 7/s - 70 Ci 10. What EEG waves does a resting brain emit? - Alpha - Beta - Delta - Teta 11. A biconcave lens is then a spray lens,... - If the two radii of curvature are equal - If the refractive index of the medium is greater than the refractive index of the lens Always spray lens - If the refractive index of the lens is greater than the refractive index of the medium 12. Which imaging equipment significantly worsens the resolution of brain images due to absorption from the skull bone? - At PET - At the gamma camera - At CT - At SPECTRE 13. The Laplace Law gives... - The magnitude of the force of resistance of the medium acting on a spherical body moving in a viscous liquid - The work of the heart during one cycle - The tension created by the pressure in the pipe in the wall of a circular pipe - A decrease in the intensity of light passing through the material as a function of the thickness of the material 14. How does blood pressure change in the brain of a person who suddenly stands up? - Decrease - Does not change - Grow - No unequivocal answer can be given 15. All else being equal, how does the volume rate of blood flowing laminally through the tube change if the radius of a vessel increases by 19%? - reduced by 19% - It grows about twofold - Increases by 19% - It is reduced by about half 16. Which imaging method uses ionizing radiation to create the image? - A CT - A PET - Thermography - ??? 17. Which statement is correct? - The dark adapted eye is the most sensitive - Visual acuity depends crucially on the distance between the rods - The light-adapted state moves from dark to light and develops within minutes - The retina has about 20 times as many cones as chopsticks 18. When do two light waves that meet each other cause persistent interference? - If their wavelengths are equal - If they are coherent - If their intensity is equal - If their phase difference is constant 19. The SI unit of which quantity is 1/s? - Frequency - The period time - The decay constant - Sendimetation coefficient 20. The Korotkov noise... - It occurs when the vein closes - The consequence of the fact that the blood flow in the artery becomes laminar - It occurs when the pressure in the air sac is already less than the peak pressure generated by the heart - It disappears when the pressure in the vein reaches diastolic pressure 21. If a true straight-line object is within focal length of the scatter lens, the image... - Real and upright - Apparent and vice versa - Apparent and upright - Real and reverse 22. Which ionizing radiation has the greatest biological effect for the same energy transferred? - 3 MeV X-ray radiation - Neutron radiation with an energy of 3 MeV - 3 MeV proton radiation - Alpha radiation with an energy of 3 MeV 23. When ultracentrifuging, when all else is unchanged... - Heavier particles (molecules) settle more slowly than lighter ones - The higher the density of the settling medium, the higher the sedimentation rate - A particle with a higher density settles more slowly than a particle with a lower density - The lower the coefficient of friction, the faster the movement - The smaller the diffusion constant, the slower the movement 24. Positron in beta decay... - The mass number increases by four - The license plate number is increased by one - The mass number is reduced by one - The license plate number is reduced by one - The mass number does not change 25. The effective half-life of a radioactive isotope administered to the body is... - Less than biological half-life - It is equal to the sum of physical and biological half-lives - Equal to the reciprocal sum of the two half-lives - Equal to the difference between physical and biological half-lives 26. Which of the following statements are NOT true? Alpha particles... - Helium nuclei - Protons - Doubly ionized He atoms - High-energy photons 27. Which EEG wave amplitude falls in the range of 50 - 100 µV? - Alpha - Beta - Delta - Teta 28. After twenty minutes, what percentage of the 10-minute half-life isotope 13N introduced into the body has already decayed? - 50 - 25 - 75 - 87,5 29. After 40 minutes, what % of the isotope 14es N with a half-life of 10 minutes has not decayed? - 6,25 30. Refractive power of a lens system consisting of two thin lenses in contact with each other - Product of the refractive power of the two lenses - Refractive power of the first lens divided by the refractive power of the second lens - Sum of the refractive power of the two lenses - The reciprocal of the reciprocal sum of the two refractive forces 31. Activity of a radioactive source - Number of alpha particles emitted per second - Number of radioactive decays per second - Total energy of atomic radiation emitted per second - Degree of ionizing effect of emitted radioactive radiation in dry air 32. The Stokes Act gives... - The work of the heart during one cycle - The magnitude of the force of resistance of the medium acting on a spherical body moving in a viscous liquid - The tension created by the pressure in the pipe in the wall of a circular pipe - Reducing the intensity of light passing through the material as a function of the thickness of the material 33. Which imaging method does NOT use electromagnetic radiation to create the image? - Radioactive tracing - Echoencephalography - Thermography - A PET 34. The SI unit of which quantity is kg/ms? - Of the diffusion constant - Viscosity - The decay constant - Sedimetation coefficient 35. What determines the degree of refraction at the border of two media? - From the speed of light in two media - From the density of the two media - From the extinction coefficients of the two media - From the relative refractive index of the second medium to the first medium 36. When two light waves meet, what happens? - They hijack each other - Their intensities add up - Nothing, they do not interact with each other - Their digressions add up 37. If a real and upright object is outside the focal length of the collector lens, the image... - Real and upright - Virtual and reverse - Virtual and straight-forward - Real and reverse 38. Frequency used for coil space diathermy - 2570 MHz - 0.03 GHz - 100 kHz - 220 MHz 39. Ultrasound frequency band used in medical applications - 48 – 85,000 Hz - 3 – 5 GHz - 2 – 18 MHz - 20 – 100 kHz 40. How does the pressure of an ideal fluid flowing in a pipe change when the diameter of the pipe increases? - Grow - Does not change - Decrease - No unequivocal answer can be given 41. How does the pressure of an ideal liquid flowing in a pipe change when the diameter of the pipe decreases? - Decrease 42. What does the diffusion constant D depend on? - From the density of the medium - From the shape of the diffusing particle - From temperature - From the pH value of the medium 43. Which imaging equipment can most accurately pinpoint cancerous tumors? - A CT - The gamma camera - Az MRI - A SPECT 44. Braking radiation - Its minimum wavelength depends only on the material of the anode - Its power depends on the accelerating voltage - Its total energy is about 60% of the energy of the electron beam - Its spectrum includes sharply distinct peaks 45. The patch-clamp technique - Keeps its membrane voltage at the preset artificially - Measures the difference between intracellular and extracellular Na ion concentrations - It can be used to measure the speed of propagation of the action potential - It greatly narrows the surface area of the membrane to be tested 46. Which EEG wave frequency falls in the frequency range from 4 Hz to 7 Hz? - Alpha - Beta - Delta - Teta 47. Which infusion solution causes haemolysis? - Any - Hypertensive - The hypotonic - The isotonic - None 48. The magnitude of the QRS complex peak of the two-lead ECG signal - 2-3 mA - 20-25 Watt - 1-2 mV - 0.9 V 49. The Lambert Law gives - The magnitude of the force of resistance of the medium acting on a spherical body moving in a viscous liquid - The work of the heart during one cycle - The tension created by the pressure in the pipe in the wall of a circular pipe - A decrease in the intensity of light passing through the material as a function of the thickness of the material 50. Where is the blood pressure of a standing person highest? - In the heart - In your brain - In the foot - Same everywhere - In your lungs 51. How does the volumetric rate of a viscous liquid depend on viscosity? - It increases proportionally to the fourth power of viscosity - Does not depend on it - Inversely proportional to viscosity - Directly proportional to viscosity 52. What is the concentration of Na in isotonic NaCl saline? - 0,9% - 0,18% - 0,1 - 0,03 53. Amount of effective dose - C/kg - J/kg - W/s - 1/s 54. Which quantity decreases with increasing the number of measurements? - Empirical standard deviation - The average value - Error of the mean - None 55. Which is not a SI basic quantity? - Electric current - The speed of light in vacuum - Luminous intensity - Weight 56. Which unit of measurement is NOT an official SI unit? - Kg - Fermi - ampere - Ev 57. Which statement is WRONG? The dark-adapted eye - The most sensitive - Visual acuity is poor - The dark-adapted state develops within minutes when entering a dark room - Does not detect colors 58. A kitten weighing 2 kg sits on a wall 1 m high and then runs on the ground at a speed of 4 m/s. When is its mechanical energy higher? - When sitting on the wall - In both cases, it has the same mechanical energy - When you run - It depends on what the surrounding temperature is 59. Which of the following statements are true? - The energy of photoelectrons depends only on the intensity of the light illuminating the metal surface - The ability of higher notes to pass through them is less than that of lower notes - Thermography does not pose a danger to the fetus - During mediated diffusion, particles move from a space of lower concentration to a space of higher concentration through the cell membrane 60. After one hour, what percentage of the inhaled isotope 11C with a half-life of 20 minutes has not yet decayed? - 0,06 - 0,25 - 12,5% - 0,5 61. Which statements are true? - The diffusion constants of globular proteins are usually about half as large as those of fibrillar proteins of the same molecular weight - The diffusion constant is proportional to the mass of the diffusing particle - The diffusion constant increases when the temperature rises - If Stokes' law is applicable, the diffusion constant is directly proportional to the viscosity of the medium 62. Which unit of measurement is NOT an official SI unit? - Kg - rad - Bq - Kev 63. After forty minutes, what percentage of the 13N isotope with a half-life of 10 minutes has not decayed? - 50,0% - 12,5% - 5,0% - 6,25% 64. If an electron is accelerated in a vacuum with a 1.5V pencil battery, what will be its approximate wavelength? - 90 nm - 0,3 µm - 1 nm - No unequivocal answer can be given 65. When do two light waves that meet each other cause persistent interference? - Always - If they are coherent - If their intensity is equal - If their phase difference is constant 66. The SI unit of which quantity is the second? - Frequency - The period time - The decay constant - Sedimentation coefficient 67. What is the normal activity of source 131I used for thyroid tests? - 2 mCi - 0.4 MBq - 2 mGy - 1.08 kBq 68. Which of the following statements are true? Beta particles... - Hydrogen nuclei - Positrons - High-energy photons - Electrons 69. The voltage-clamp technique - It can be used to measure the speed of propagation of the action potential - Measures the difference between intracellular and extracellular Na ion concentrations - Maintains membrane tension at the pre-artificially set value - It greatly reduces the number of ion channels to be tested 70. Which EEG wave has a maximum amplitude of less than 20µV? - Alpha - Beta - Delta - Teta 71. Absolute error of difference between quantities laden with two errors - Sum of absolute errors of both quantities - The difference between the absolute error of the one to be reduced and the absolute error to be subtracted - Square root subtracted from the difference between the squares of the two absolute errors - Square root subtracted by multiplying two absolute errors - Square root subtracted from the sum of the squares of the two absolute errors 72. The radioactive decay constant - Directly proportional half-life - Weakly dependent on pressure - Proportional to the mass number of the isotope - Inversely proportional to half-life 73. Frequency used for microwave slide terminal - 30 MHz - 2540 MHz 74. Which infusion solution causes plasmolysis? - Hypertensive 75. Which of the following statements are WRONG? Beta particles - Hydrogen nuclei - High-energy photons 76. SI unit of irradiation dose - C/kg 77. Frequency used in capacitor field diathermy - 2570 kHz - 0.03 GHz - 100 kHz - 220 MHz 78. If a real object is within focal length of the collector lens - Real and upright - Apparent and reverse - Apparent and straight / virtual - Real and vice versa 79. What does the diffusion constant D NOT depend on? - Density of the medium - The shape of the diffusing particle - Temperature - Medium viscosity - pH value of the medium 80. Which of the following statements are true? Alpha particles - hydrogen nuclei - Positrons - doubly ionized He nuclei - high-energy photons - He nuclei 81. Which of the following statements are true? - the light beam enters the medium with a higher refractive index into the medium with a lower refractive index, then the angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence - The penetrating power of higher notes is less than that of low notes - thermography does not use electromagnetic radiation - Mediated diffusion is faster than simple diffusion 82. What determines the degree of refraction at the border of two media? - speed of light in two media - density of two media - extinction coefficient of two media - interface smoothness 83. Electron wavelength in vacuum? - 0,3 µm 84. Which statement is WRONG? - Visual acuity of the light-adapted eye is poor - The light-adapted eye is the most sensitive