Carrier and Bryant Zoning Systems - PDF

Carrier & Bryant Zoning Systems Day 1 Instructor Co-Host Richard Gambaro Jeff Moseley  Carrier & Bryant Zoning Systems Day 1 PRODUCT INFORMATION COMPONENTS  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System...

Carrier & Bryant Zoning Systems Day 1 Instructor Co-Host Richard Gambaro Jeff Moseley  Carrier & Bryant Zoning Systems Day 1 PRODUCT INFORMATION COMPONENTS  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System Carrier’s Comfort Series Three-Zone system provides the ability to control temperature and humidity in up to three zones in a residential or light commercial application. A system will consist of the components below, each sold separately. Separate transformer is not needed to provide power Designed so wires can enter from behind, above, or below Independent temperature settings for each zone controlled by a 24v or a Wi-Fi thermostat and up to five dampers per zone Each system controller also includes a duct temperature sensor Diagnostic LEDs and intelligent system diagnostics inform homeowners if there is a problem with their system and allows for easy troubleshooting Allows four equipment cycles per hour providing maximum equipment protection Ten-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration* COMFORT SERIES THREE-ZONE CONTROL PANEL ZONECC3ZAC01 (1 Heat / 1 Cool) 3---ZONE CONTROL ACCESSORIES or ZONECC3ZHP01 (3 Heat / 2 Cool) ZONEBB3ZAC01 (1 Heat / 1 Cool) PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION or ZONEBB3ZHP01 (3 Heat / 2 Cool) ZONEXXODTS01 Duct Temperature Sensor* * Duct temperature sensor required for heat pump zone board.  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System Carrier’s Comfort Series Three-Zone system provides the ability to control temperature and humidity in up to three zones in a residential or light commercial application. A system will consist of the components below, each sold separately. 2 Separate Controllers (AC and HP) Still Uses conventional TSTATS Same Dampers as Other Carrier or Bryant Zone Systems Rc Rh Compatible for Dual Heat Markets Installer checkout routines Modulating damper control in emergency situations Damper fuse protection High-- and low--temperature limits COMFORT SERIES THREE-ZONE CONTROL PANEL ZONECC3ZAC01 (1 Heat / 1 Cool) 3---ZONE CONTROL ACCESSORIES or ZONECC3ZHP01 (3 Heat / 2 Cool) ZONEBB3ZAC01 (1 Heat / 1 Cool) PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION or ZONEBB3ZHP01 (3 Heat / 2 Cool) ZONEXXODTS01 Duct Temperature Sensor* * Duct temperature sensor required for heat pump zone board.  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System Carrier’s Comfort Series Three-Zone system provides the ability to control temperature and humidity in up to three zones in a residential or light commercial application. A system will consist of the components below, each sold separately. Time Guard override Compressor protection Auto changeover Bypass setup routine Staging time for energy savings Automatic checkout with installer mode Override zoning switch Timer override for serviceability COMFORT SERIES THREE-ZONE CONTROL PANEL ZONECC3ZAC01 (1 Heat / 1 Cool) 3---ZONE CONTROL ACCESSORIES or ZONECC3ZHP01 (3 Heat / 2 Cool) ZONEBB3ZAC01 (1 Heat / 1 Cool) PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION or ZONEBB3ZHP01 (3 Heat / 2 Cool) ZONEXXODTS01 Duct Temperature Sensor* * Duct temperature sensor required for heat pump zone board.  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System A system will consist of the following components, each sold separately. Advanced energy savings algorithms Remote access using your Apple® or Android™ device Compatible with your smart home and works seamlessly with Apple HomeKit, and Amazon Alexa. Comes with an Outdoor Air Temperature (OAT) sensor and humidity display Five-year parts limited warranty ecobee, POWERED BY CARRIER or BRYANTWI-FI® THERMOSTATS EB-STATE5CR-01 or EB-STATE3LTCR-01 EB-STATE5BR-01 or EB-STATE3LTBR-01 Up to five dampers may be used in each zone by electrically connecting them in parallel By-pass damper available to prevent static pressure buildup and noise control They can be mixed in different combinations. Round + Slip-In + DAMPERS (8-IN. OR 24-IN.) Rectangular DAMPREC, DAMPSL, DAMPRND Ten-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration*  Performance™ & Preferred™ Series Four-Zone System Our Performance & Preferred Series Four-Zone system provides the ability to control temperature and humidity in up to four zones in a residential or light commercial application. Innovative enclosure design with multiple wiring and mounting options Controller guides you through simple step-by-step system setup; no dip switches Easy-to-read backlit LCD display indicating full system status Independent temperature settings for each zone controlled by a 24v or a Wi-Fi® thermostat and up to five dampers per zone Exclusive Electronic Limit Control™ (ELC) technology protects the system’s compressor and heat exchanger from potential issues associated with freeze-up and over-heating Color-coded LED indicators for each thermostat provide easy troubleshooting Five-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration** PERFORMANCE & PREFERRED SERIES FOUR-ZONE CONTROL PANEL ZONECC4ZCN01 ZONEBB4ZCN01  Performance™ & Preferred™ Series Four-Zone System Our Performance & Preferred Series Four-Zone system provides the ability to control temperature and humidity in up to four zones in a residential or light commercial application. Ease of Operation Mix and match standard gas/electric and heat pump thermostats Staging based on supply air temperature Automatic changeover for maximum comfort Microprocessor manages all complex decisions Adjustable staging time and temperature for maximum comfort Configuration Simple step-by-step system setup Controller guides you through each step Easy-to-read backlit LCD display No dip switches – no confusion or guessing Easy Troubleshooting Display indicates full system status PERFORMANCE & PREFERRED Color-coded LED indicators for each thermostat SERIES FOUR-ZONE CONTROL PANEL Call and Equipment Call ZONECC4ZCN01 Two-color LED indicators show damper position ZONEBB4ZCN01 Red LED indicates blown fuse  Performance™ & Preferred™ Series Four-Zone System Our Performance & Preferred Series Four-Zone system provides the ability to control temperature and humidity in up to four zones in a residential or light commercial application. Customer Features Customer never needs to use the control panel Selectable zone-1 priority for more customer control Enable Emergency Heat from zone-1 thermostat Constant supply air monitoring from ELC ensures customer safety Zone specific ventilation – energize fan from any thermostat Compatibility 24V thermostat Single-stage thermostats Ease of Installation Mounts with two screws PERFORMANCE & PREFERRED Quick-connect screw-less terminals SERIES FOUR-ZONE CONTROL PANEL Innovative enclosure design with multiple wiring and mounting options ZONECC4ZCN01 ZONEBB4ZCN01 Performance™ & Preferred™ Series Four-Zone System Our Performance & Preferred Series Four-Zone system will consist of the following components, each sold separately. Advanced energy savings algorithms Remote access using your Apple® or Android™ device Compatible with your smart home and works seamlessly with Apple HomeKit, and Amazon Alexa. Comes with an Outdoor Air Temperature (OAT) sensor and humidity display Five-year parts limited warranty ecobee, POWERED BY CARRIER or BRYANTWI-FI® THERMOSTATS EB-STATE5CR-01 or EB-STATE3LTCR-01 EB-STATE5BR-01 or EB-STATE3LTBR-01 Up to five dampers may be used in each zone by electrically connecting them in parallel By-pass damper available to prevent static pressure buildup and noise control They can be mixed in different combinations. Round + Slip-In + DAMPERS (8-IN. OR 24-IN.) Rectangular DAMPREC, DAMPSL, DAMPRND Ten-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration*  Infinity® & Evolution® Zoning Systems The Infinity & Evolution zoning systems provides the ability to control temperature and humidity in up to eight zones in a residential or light commercial application. Separate control of multiple zones provides both maximum efficiency and indoor comfort.. Full-color touch screen The brain of the Infinity & Evolution zoning system Default temperature and humidity sensor for Zone 1 Allows user to operate, program, setup, monitor, and troubleshoot the system Manages each zone’s airflow and adjusts for quiet comfort Ten-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration* INFINITY® EVOLUTION® INFINITY® EVOLUTION® INFINITY® EVOLUTION ® SYSTEM CONTROL SYSTEM CONTROL SYSTEM CONTROL SYSTXCCITC01-B SYSTXCCWIC01-B SYSTXCCITC01-C SYSTXBBITC01-B SYSTXBBWEC01-B SYSTXBBITC01-C  Infinity® & Evolution® Zoning Systems The Infinity & Evolution zoning systems provides the ability to control temperature and humidity in up to eight zones in a residential or light commercial application. Separate control of multiple zones provides both maximum efficiency and indoor comfort.. Works with Variable Speed Systems 4 or 8 zone configurations (with additional zone board) No LAT and HPT Sensors Required No Bypass Damper Required or Allowed Increased Humidity Control Easiest to Use and Most Comprehensive Controller in the Business INFINITY® EVOLUTION® INFINITY® EVOLUTION® INFINITY® EVOLUTION ® SYSTEM CONTROL SYSTEM CONTROL SYSTEM CONTROL SYSTXCCITC01-B SYSTXCCWIC01-B SYSTXCCITC01-C SYSTXBBITC01-B SYSTXBBWEC01-B SYSTXBBITC01-C  Infinity® & Evolution® Zoning Components Separate control of multiple zones provides both maximum efficiency and indoor comfort. A system will consist of some or all of the components below. Full glass touch screen with 2.8” color display Small size (3.5” x 2.5” x 0.85”) provides intuitive user experience Temperature accuracy - displays outdoor temperature and indoor humidity Change temperature or fan speed from the zone Ten-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration* **You choose the Brand of the Sensor when you power it up! SMART ZONING SENSORS SYSTXZNSMS01 Provides the temperature reading to the Infinity system control in remote locations Two wire sensors that are wired back to the Infinity damper control module Recommend running four wires for future smart sensor installation Ten-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration* REMOTE ROOM SENSORS SYSTXCCRRS01 SYSTXBBRRS01  Infinity® & Evolution® Zoning Components Separate control of multiple zones provides both maximum efficiency and indoor comfort. A system will consist of the components below. Receives signals from the Infinity system control and turns on equipment Modulates the necessary dampers to maintain space temperature Major components are connected directly to the damper control module One damper control module serves up to four zones Cycles one zone at a time minimizing load on the system transformer Ten-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration* INFINITY® & EVOLUTION® DAMPER CONTROL MODULE SYSTXCC4ZC01 SYSTXBB4ZC01 Modulating dampers in round, rectangular or slip-in sizes Powered open and powered closed using a 24 VAC three wire connection Non-spring return with specific drive timing to track position Designed to draw less current allowing up to five dampers to a single zone They can be mixed in different combinations. Round + Slip-In + Rectangular Ten-year parts limited warranty upon timely registration* DAMPERS (8-IN. OR 24-IN.) DAMPREC, DAMPSL, DAMPRND  Zoning System Sensors ZONEXX0DTS01 TSTATXXSEN01 OAT LAT & HPT SENSOR (connected to SENSOR thermostat terminals)  Zoning Dampers & Accessories DAMPERS DESCRIPTION SIZES PART NUMBER Round Dampers 8 in. DAMPRND08INC---B Rectangular Dampers 8 in. X 10 in. DAMPREC08X10---B Rectangular Barometric Bypass 8 in. X 14 in. DAMPBAR08X14 Round Barometric Bypass 10 in. DAMPBAR10INC Side mount, 8 X 10 DAMPSLS08X10---B Slip---In Dampers Bottom mount, 8 X 10 DAMPSLB08X10---B Description Part No. 45° Actuator for round dampers DAMPACT45DEG---R Actuators 90° Actuator for rectangular dampers DAMPACT90DEG---R Damper Actuator Cover DAMPACTXXCOV NOTE: The above dampers are recommended because they use the latest style actuators designed for zoning systems. These actuators are direct--drive and use slightly less power to operate. If using older style dampers with this zoning system (i.e., dampers with a crankarm), it is recommended to upgrade the actuator to DAMPACT45DEG or DAMPACT90DEG. Check Out This Side-by-side Comparison Of Our Zoning Systems Up to 8 Check Out This Side-by-side Comparison Of Our Zoning Systems Up to 8  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System UNDERSTANDING SYSTEM OPERATION The thermostats determine the system heating or cooling mode. The first call in any zone sets the mode to satisfy that call. It will remain in that mode until all calls in that mode are satisfied and the equipment has been off for the time set by the auto changeover time dipswitches. (See Timers section.) In normal heating or cooling, the damper of any zone with a call in the current mode will be open and all other zones will be closed. When there is no call, any zone with its fan set to ON will be open, and any zone with its fan set to AUTO will be closed. If any zone fan is set to ON, the blower will be energized. If all fan settings are AUTO, the dampers will remain in their last position before the equipment turned off and the blower will be off. (This normally means one damper open and all others closed.) When dampers are to move, all opening is done first, followed by all closing. In multi-stage systems, the equipment stage is set by the greatest thermostat call but may be delayed by the control’s cycle and staging timers. (See timers' explanation below.) The AC Control supports only single stage heat and cool. The HP control supports two stage cooling, two stage furnace heating, and three stage HP heating (lo HP, hi HP, hi HP + aux heat.)I  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System Emergency Heat Emergency heat (aux heat without compressor heat) can be selected for a HP system by either of two ways: First, by selecting Eheat using the Eheat override switch on the HP Control, or second, selection of Eheat on each of the thermostats, provided they have the Eheat function. When either of these Eheat selections is made, a heating demand provides a W signal without a Y signal to the equipment. NOTE: The second Eheat method requires HP thermostats and that they all must be set to Eheat. Indicator LEDs There are 7 indicator LEDs on the AC Control and an additional 3 on the HP/2S Control. Their locations are shown on the diagrams. Each damper has its own green LED which is ON when the damper opens due to a calling condition or partially open due to an LAT or HPT limit condition. Each equipment output has its own LED which is on when that output is energized. Y and O outputs are yellow, W outputs are red, and the G output is green. In addition, there is a status LED whose operation is described under the section Error Codes.  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System Timers To control excessive equipment cycling or rapid staging up, the control has two timers. The cycle timer prevents the same stage from turning on within 10 minutes of the last time it turned on. This allows a stage to turn on for as short or long as the thermostats request but will not allow more than six cycles per hour. The Staging Timer Prevents a higher stage from turning on until the next stage below it has been on for 15 minutes. This minimizes use of electric heat with heat HP systems. There is also a timegaurd timer which will not allow the compressor to be turned on until it has been off for five minutes. A Changeover Timer Can be set from 0 to 30 minutes, limits the control’s ability to switch between heating and cooling. The opposite mode is prevented from coming on until the first mode has been satisfied for the selected time.  ™ ™ Comfort & Legacy Series Three-Zone System Timer Override A momentary switch is located near the bottom of the control circuit board. Pressing it momentarily overrides all the system timers, allowing the control to immediately jump to the highest calling stage. Temperature Limits and Sensors Both the AC and HP controls have a LAT (leaving air temperature) sensor which is to be placed in the downstream air path of the heating /cooling equipment. It is used in both heating and cooling to limit LAT to a safe value. It must be connected. The system will not operate without it. Its setting is fixed for cooling and is adjustable in four settings for heating. Selection of best setting is discussed under LAT Limit Selection. The HP control also has an optional HPT Sensor (heat pump temperature) which is to be placed downstream of the coil but ahead of the electric heater. This sensor measures the temperature of the air leaving the coil during HP heating. It is not included with the control, but may be ordered separately as part number TSATXXSEN01-B. A 10K ohm resistor is factory installed in its place when the actual sensor is not used. In the HP control only, dipswitch 11 allows the installer to temporarily disable both the LAT and the HPT sensors. Disabling of these sensors is only to be done on a temporary basis.  ™ ™ Infinity & Evolution Zoning Infinity/Evolution Zoning Control System Works with Variable Speed Systems 4 or 8 zone configurations (with additional zone board) No LAT and HPT Sensors Required No Bypass Damper Required or Allowed Increased Humidity Control Easiest to Use and Most Comprehensive Controller in the Business  ™ ™ What do the Infinity & Evolution Zone Systems Control? Up to 8 zones independently Separate temperature and fan speed in each zone, with ComfortFan™ in each zone Smart Recovery Smart Sensors Each zone can handle 5 dampers. WHY ZONING, DUCTING & DESIGN INSTALLATION  To Zone or Not to Zone Why is Zoning Important? Temperature Differences Greater Than 5 Degrees Between Floors or Rooms Customers Are Willing to Pay for Comfort Increase Your Profitability by Over 20% Save Energy But the primary objective of zoning should be to increase home comfort.  Is a Zoning System Right for this Job? When designing a zoning system, it is important to keep in mind what a zoning system can and can not do. A zoning system is only part of a complete heating and cooling system. A properly selected heating and cooling system has a limited heating and cooling capacity. The primary challenge when designing a zoning system is to make sure that the air distribution system cannot become so effectively small that the reduction in airflow causes problems. *A zoning system may or may not increase the effective capacity. This depends on whether the system is being designed for Comfort (no increase in capacity) or energy savings (some increase in overall effective system capacity).  First Ask and Answer Some Questions! 1. Assigning Zones a) Assess the Homeowners goals for comfort and energy savings. b) Conduct a site survey and make preliminary zone assignments. 2. Sizing the Equipment c) Calculate the structure block load estimate and each zones load estimate for heating & cooling. d) Size the heating and cooling equipment for the block load, not the zoning load. 3. Sizing the Duct System e) Determine bypass is needed or allowed and what option to choose. f) Explanation of the Duct Sizing Worksheet.  Assigning Zones It is essential to understand the goals before beginning to design the system. In some situations, a customer’s expectations might not be realistic, and it would be impossible to design a system to meet those expectations. By identifying this problem from the start, you can help revise these expectations and avoid creating a dissatisfied customer.  Conduct a Site Survey and Make Preliminary Zone Assignments The purpose of conducting a site survey is to gather the information that you need to make zone assignments. Provide the rough dimensions of each area or room. Indicate the location and relative size of doors, windows, and skylights. Identify any large glass areas (exceeding 30 percent of the wall area). Identify any equipment that may add a sensible/latent load (Light Commercial: computers, copiers, and waiting rooms. Residential: hot tubs, etc.). Identify whether any overhangs, trees or buildings cast shade on any of the building’s exposures. Pay attention to the orientation of the home/building so you can determine whether there are any rooms or areas facing south or west where solar heat load may be a factor when making zone assignments.  Considerations for a Retrofitting Installation It is more of a challenge to design a retrofitted zoning system than it is to design a zoning system for a new home. For a zoning system to operate properly in a retrofitted installation, it usually is necessary to use one or more of the following approaches to compensate for an air distribution system that is too small for the zoning system. Modify the existing ductwork and dampers to handle additional airflow. Set mechanical minimum damper positions in some zones. (if applicable) Improve the home/building’s insulation to reduce the demand for heating and cooling (load) so that lower capacity equipment can be used effectively in the installation. Use multi-stage heating and cooling equipment so the equipment capacity can match the load when only a limited number of zones require conditioning. Select an air handler/furnace that is designed to overcome the high static pressure in the ductwork and force more air through the system. ECM motors are a good choice.  Sizing the Equipment Calculate block load estimates and zone load estimates. Calculate both heating and cooling block load estimates for the entire home/building. The standard Btu load calculations used for non-zoned systems apply equally well to zoned systems. Use a reliable method with which you are comfortable. Next calculate individual “room-by-room” heating and cooling load estimates (in Btu’s) for the home/building. The zone load estimates are used to determine whether the zone assignments you have make sense. They are also used to size the zone dampers and ductwork.  Sizing the Duct System “Rules of thumbs” have been adopted that are misleading contractors to believe that they are designing a proper duct system. One common “rule of thumb” used throughout the industry is that.1 (supply) or.08 (return) are the proper friction rates to design a duct system. But not everyone knows that this is based on 100 ft of equivalent ductwork. Factoring in the equivalent lengths of fittings could cause the Total Effective Length (TEL) to go past 100 ft. This would leave the ductwork undersized. When zoning is to be applied to the system, we recommend a 20% to 25% percent oversizing of the ductwork to handle the varying conditions of airflow in the system. Some distributors/dealers have a built-in “safety-factor” by designing the duct system with as much as a 30% percent oversizing.  Types of Bypass (IF REQUIRED) If you need to bypass air to relieve air noise in a zone, what type of bypass system will you decide to use? 1. “Direct Return” 2. “Dump Zone” 3. “Controlled Leakage”  Selecting the Bypass (IF REQUIRED) If you need to bypass air to relieve air noise in a zone, what type of bypass system will you decide to use? 1. “Direct Return” A “DIRECT RETURN” type takes the excess supply air and directs it back into the return air side of the system. There are some advantages and disadvantages to this type of application. a. Direct bypassing only slows the inevitable, the bonnet/plenum temperature will get too hot or cold and eventually shut down the equipment. b. You must install additional temperature sensors in an attempt to protect the system. c. You must install the bypass duct connections a minimum of 6’ away from the equipment. d. The leaving air temperature (LAT) must be installed upstream (ahead of) from the bypass inlet.  Selecting the Bypass (IF REQUIRED) If you need to bypass air to relieve air noise in a zone, what type of bypass system will you decide to use? 2. “Dump Zone” A “Dump Zone”The type leavingtakes the excess air temperature (LAT) supply air and directs it back into the must be installed conditioned space. upstream There are some advantages and disadvantages to this (ahead of) from the bypass inlet. type of application. a. Dump Zone bypassing could cause the area you are using as the “Dump Zone” to become over- conditioned resulting in a lack of Comfort for the homeowner. b. You must install the bypass duct connection a minimum of 6’ away from the equipment or return. c. The location of the “Dump Zone” termination could increase air noise at the point of termination. d. Reduces the effect of unit shutdown due to temperature rises or decreases in the return and supply plenums of the equipment. (Does not eliminate the possibility though).  Selecting the Bypass (IF REQUIRED) If you need to bypass air to relieve air noise in a zone, what type of bypass system will you decide to use? 3. “Controlled Leakage” A “ControlledTheLeakage” type can (LAT) leaving air temperature divert thebeexcess must installed supply air and direct it into differentupstream zones. There are some advantages and disadvantages to this type of (ahead of) from the bypass inlet. application. a. Controlled Leakage bypassing could cause the areas you are using as the “Dump Zone” to become over-conditioned resulting in a lack of Comfort for the homeowner. b. You would set a “minimum set screw” position on the zone damper/s so they would not close completely allowing a certain amount of air to continuously leak into the dump zone/s. c. The selected “Dump Zone” could increase air noise in that zone. d. Eliminates unit shutdown due to temperature rises or decreases in the return and supply plenums of the equipment.  Infinity & Evolution Zoning Systems ™ ™ DO NOT USE A BYPASS System knows airflow capability of the ductwork and zones through the Duct Assessment. System controls the blower and will attempt to provide only the amount of airflow and capacity that is necessary for the zones currently in demand. A Bypass will cause more problems than it is worth. Purpose for a Bypass has always been to address noise. Using a Bypass will only be seen by the system as excessive Leakage and cause the system to take steps that may adversely affect airflow and comfort.  Infinity & Evolution Airflows ™ ™ The Infinity/Evolution Zoning System uses NO By-Pass Damper and will not work properly if one is added!  Summary/Check List Brief Summary/Check List (cont.)   1. Heat Loss/Gain - Wet Evaporator Coil   2. CFM - Supply Per Room Outlet  3. Equipment Selection - Return Grille  a. With Variable - Balancing Speed pay close attention to High Heat CFM vs. High Cool CFM Dampers   b. Use - AnyEquipment Additional Product Data Sheet to determine CFM Accessories  4. Calculate Effective Length of longest Supply and Return Duct Runs (a) Humidifiers   a. Use (b)Fittings thatAir Electronic have a Low Equivalent Length Purifiers/Cleaners  - (c) Calculate Fittings Equivalent High Efficiency Filters Length   5. Calculate System (d) Pleated Pressure Drops to Determine Friction Rate Filters   6. Design a. Pressure DuctDrops System using the Friction Rate Calculation (Pressure Drop X 100 / TEL) Measurements and Calculations of the Duct System 1. Duct Calculators are based on 100 ft. of duct total length. 2. There are two different length measurements in the duct system. a. The Equivalent Length b. The Effective Length 3. The Equivalent Length is the calculated length of the fittings in the duct system or duct run. 4. The Effective Length is the actual length of the ductwork plus the equivalent length of the fittings. Most contractors design off of the actual length of the ductwork and miss the actual effective length of the system. That is why most duct systems in homes are undersized and this is especially a problem when applying zoning to a home without properly designing the system.  Fitting Equivalent Lengths *Return Air Only BOOT FITTINGS PLENUMS ROUND TRUNK DUCT FITTINGS Friction Rate Calculation By multiplying the (PD) Pressure Difference times 100’ (the standard for duct calculators) then divide by the (TEL) Total Effective Length we get our new Friction Rate number which is what we would use to size the ductwork. Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1  Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 Step 1:Calculate Block Load Heating Load:_____________________ Btuh Cooling Load:____________________ Btuh Step 2: Room by Room Load Room Heating Load (Btuh) Cooling Load (Btuh) Airflow (CFM)* Zone Number Living Room _________ __________ ___150___ _____3_____ Dining Room/Foyer _________ __________ ___150___ _____3_____ Kitchen/Dinette _________ __________ ___200___ _____4_____ Family Room _________ __________ ___200___ _____4_____ Laundry Room _________ __________ ___300___ _____4_____ Master Bedroom/Bathroom _________ __________ ___400___ _____1_____ Bedrooms 2-4/Bathroom _________ __________ ___500___ _____2_____ *Highest CFM determined from Heat/Cool Btuh  Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 Step 3: Zone CFM totals Zone 1 _____400____ CFM Zone 5 _____________CFM Zone 2 _____500____ CFM Zone 6 _____________CFM Zone 3 _____300____ CFM Zone 7 _____________CFM Zone 4 _____700____ CFM Zone 8 _____________CFM Step 4: Equipment Selection Indoor Section ___58TN0A100-20____ Outdoor Section _____24ANB160_____ Heating Capacity/CFM ___89,000/59,000_____ _____1465/1295_____ Cooling Capacity/CFM ___55500/46,000_____ _____1,600/1,280____ Design CFM ___1,295 (low speed)__ Step 5: Bypass Determination System Design CFM * ___1,295_____ X 0.60 = _____777______ (Value MUST be less than smallest zone CFM; otherwise Bypass Damper may be required) * Design CFM can be: Step 1C from above OR if Two Speed/Variable Speed equipment is selected, select low speed CFM value...used 2-speed A/C unit/low CFM=1295 CFM Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1  Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 Step 7:Main Trunk (Table 2A) and Branch Duct (Table 2B) Sizes Zone 1 Main Duct (sq. in.):__________________86 = Main Duct Size: 8x14 or 12” Round Branch (sq. in.):____________________132 Size:6 Qty:__2 Area (from Table 2B) =_______________56+ Size:7 Qty:__2 Area (from Table 2B) =_______________76+ =______________132 Total Sq. In. Zone 2 Main Duct (sq. in.):_________________113 = Main Duct Size: 8x16 or 12” Round Branch (sq. in.):___________________165 Size:6 Qty:__2 Area (from Table 2B) =_______________56+ Size:7 Qty:__3 Area (from Table 2B) =______________114+ =______________165 Total Sq. In. Zone 3 Main Duct (sq. in.):__________________87 = Main Duct Size: 8X12 or 12” Round Branch (sq. in.):____________________110 Size:6 Qty:__4 Area (from Table 2B) =______________110+ Size:__ Qty:___ Area (from Table 2B) =_________________+ =______________110 Total Sq. In.  Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 Zone 4 Main Duct Square Inches__143____ Table 2A Main Duct Sizing Equivalent Areas for Ducts (sq.in.) Duct Height (in.) Round Duct Width 8 10 Dia.-Inch Sq. In. 8 60 80 8 50 10 80 87 10 79 12 90 110 12 113 14 105 135 14 154 16 115 157 16 201 18 125 167 20 145 190 22 155 210 24 165 215 Branch Square Inches_____231__ Size__6"___Qty___2___ Area (from Table 2B) =___56___+ Size__8"___Qty___3___ Area (from Table 2B) =__180___+ =__236___Total Sq. In. Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1  Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 Formulas In order to calculate sq. in. into a round duct size you need to know the below formulas. 3.141 = Pi π So 154 sq. in. is equal to a 14” Round Duct Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 – Table 1 Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 – Table 2A Duct Sizing Worksheet Example 1 – Table 2B  Infinity & Evolution Zoning General Considerations ™ ™ User interface, and room sensors in non-condensing areas – Ambient between 32° F and 120° F Zone Dampers and Zone Damper Module in non-condensing areas – Ambient between -4° F to 158° F TXV required at indoor unit coil Ensure proper equipment selection and duct sizing It is desirable for the smallest zone to handle the minimum airflow – 275 cfm/ton for 1-stage system or 2-stage system on HIGH – 175 cfm/ton for 2-stage system on LOW DO NOT USE bypass damper – Bypass will cause improper operation – Airflow management performed by the software  Zoning Starting Point Where to Start: It is necessary to start the design process with a good heat loss/gain calculation for the structure. Equipment should be selected that matches the heat loss/gain to maintain the best comfort. From an efficiency standpoint, bigger is not better. Bigger wastes energy, shortens the life expectancy of the equipment and may leave the customer feeling uncomfortable in the process. Determine airflow for each living space After completing the heat loss/gain calculation it is necessary to determine the required airflow, in cfm, to each zone. This step is crucial in delivering comfort to the customer and is necessary to design an efficient duct system. The duct system should deliver the calculated airflows to each zone in order to maintain temperature throughout the home. Each zone should support the minimum airflow of the equipment selected. Consult the HVAC Equipment Product Guide to determine systemsminimum airflow requirements.  Zoning Considerations DESIGN TIP: Use industry--standard design tools to help design the duct and zoning systems. ACCA and SMACNA produce the industries’ recognized standards for the design and application of duct systems. Please consult their publications when designing a duct system. (Reference: Consult the latest editions of ACCA Manual D and Manual Zr. and SMACNA HVAC Systems—Duct Design. There are many automated tools based on these manuals as well.) ACCA Manual J - covers Load Calculations ACCA Manual D - covers Duct Design ACCA Manual ZR - covers Residential Zoning SMACNA - Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors SMACNA standards and manuals address all facets of the sheet metal and HVAC industry – including duct construction and installation, indoor air quality, energy recovery, roofing and architectural sheet metal, welding, and commissioning.  Planning the Installation Usage: Group together rooms that have similar usage, occupancy, and heat load. Levels: Different levels in a home need to be separate zones. Each level may be further divided into zones. Existing ductwork: If the installation is a retrofit, the existing duct system may limit zone selection options. Up to 5 dampers may be used in a zone by electrically connecting them in parallel. Damper types: Round, rectangular, or rectangular slip--in dampers may be intermixed in any arrangement.  Planning the Installation Comfort vs. energy saving: If energy saving is an objective, areas which will be unoccupied at different times need to be separated so they can selectively be setback. If maximum comfort is desired, areas with different heat loss/gain as well as different levels need to be separated. Zones in which different comfort temperatures are desired also need to be separated. Multi--capacity equipment: For best results, choose HVAC system components with more than one stage of heating and/or cooling capacity. This allows a wider range of operation for the zoning system, as the zoning system can stage--down the equipment as fewer zones are calling for heating or cooling. Of course, modulating equipment is the best. Infinity/Evolution System indoor sections typically feature two or more stages of capacity for heating, including the modulating gas furnaces, and variable--speed heat pumps. Infinity/Evolution System outdoor/compressor sections feature capacities from single--stage to full variable speed. If more than four zones are desired, a multi--stage compressor is recommended to be able to quietly supply reduced capacity to calls from smaller zones.