Plant Anatomy and the Soil PDF
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Summary
This document details plant anatomy, focusing on parts like roots, stems, and leaves, and their roles in processes like photosynthesis and respiration. It also explores soil composition, including organic and inorganic components, and factors contributing to soil fertility.
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# Plant Anatomy and the Soil ## Plant Anatomy ### **Part 1: Plant Parts** * **Plant Verde:** Absorbs water and mineral salts (through absorbent hairs) * **Roots:** fixes the plant to the soil. * **Peint d'attache:** Located between roots and leaves. * **Tige:** Transports raw sap: * Water +...
# Plant Anatomy and the Soil ## Plant Anatomy ### **Part 1: Plant Parts** * **Plant Verde:** Absorbs water and mineral salts (through absorbent hairs) * **Roots:** fixes the plant to the soil. * **Peint d'attache:** Located between roots and leaves. * **Tige:** Transports raw sap: * Water + mineral salts (travels upward through the middle of the stem) * Transports elaborated sap: * Water + mineral salts + SUGAR (travels downward beneath the bark) * **Fenille:** Petiole, Nervures, Limbe, Stomates * **Chloroplaste:** Circulation of chlorophyll. ### **Part 2: Photosynthesis and Respiration** * **Photosynthese** (Occurs only during the day): * Energy + Water (H2O) + CO2 -> Sugar + Dioxygen * This process requires light, mineral salts, and carbon dioxide. * **Respiration:** Day and Night. * Sugar + O2 -> CO2 + Water + Energy (chemical). ### **Cycle de l’eau:** * Water vapor can exit through the stomates of the leaves, creating a cycle that is visualized on page 28. ## Soil ### Resume * **Le sol:** serves as an anchor and a source of nutrients * This is a mixture of: * **Substance inorganique:** Rock and minerals (see page 34) * **Substance organique:** Waste from living things (see page 34) * **Water** * **Living organisms:** decomposers * **Organization:** * **Horizon A:** Contains living organisms, organic matter, and salts and minerals. * **Horizon B:** Contains organic matter, and salts and minerals. * **Horizon C:** Contains salts and minerals, and rock fragments * **Sous-sol:** Is solely bedrock. * **For a Fertile Soil:** * **Doit contenir 50% de grunoux de grossesurs differentes:** At least 50% of the soil must contain different sizes of rocks or particles. * **50% de pores:** Contains 50% empty spaces. * **Matter organique:** Important, for example with compost. * **Rétention de l'eau:** The soil must hold water. * **Chaleur:** * **Aération:** The soil must be aerated.
