ART 002: ART APPRECIATION Module Notes PDF

# ART 002: ART APPRECIATION ## Module #1 **Name:** **Section:** **Schedule:** **Class number:** **Date:** ### Activity 1. Quick Artistic Share (5 mins) **Instruction:** 1. On a piece of paper, quickly draw, write, or scribble something that represents art around you (2 minutes) 2. Present your work, What it is and why you chose this certain art representation. ### B. COACH #### B.1. Content Notes (30 mins) **Topic: Defining Art and its Purposes** **Reading Comprehension Strategy: Definition/Description** | **ART** | **Etymological Meaning** | **Philosophical Perspective** | **Cultural and Historical Views** | **Aesthetical Perspective** | | :------------------------------------------ | :--------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | **Definition** | Derived from the Latin word "ars," meaning skill or craft. | John Dewey's "Art as Experience" (1934): Art is a culmination of human experiences, emotions, and interactions, emphasizing it as a process rather than a product. | Art serves as expression, communication, and reflection of societal values, conveying narratives, histories, and cultural traditions. | Art is defined by its capacity to evoke sensory, emotional, and intellectual responses through its beauty and expressive qualities. This perspective focuses on the visual, auditory, and overall experiential aspects of art, emphasizing the aesthetic experience as central to its value and significance. | | **Examples** | Traditional craftsmanship, visual arts. | Guillermo's "Image to Meaning": Artworks are analyzed for their capacity to convey complex social and historical narratives beyond their visible subjects. | | **Key Elements of the Aesthetical Perspective:** 1. Beauty and Form 2. Emotional Impact 3. Sensory Experience 4. Expressiveness | | | | Marcel Duchamp's "Fountain" (1917) "Fountain" is a porcelain urinal signed "R. Mutt" and was presented by Marcel Duchamp as a work of art. It was submitted to the Society of Independent Artists in 1917, causing a major controversy and | Honour and Fleming's "A World History of Art": Historical context influences the interpretation of art’s content across different cultures and | **Beauty and Form:** Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa" (1503-1506) **Emotional Impact:** Vincent van Gogh's "Starry Night" (1889) | ## Module #2 **Name:** **Section:** **Schedule:** **challenging traditional notions of art.** **epochs.** **Class number:** **Date:** ### Purposes of Art | **Purpose** | **Description** | | :---------------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | **Religious and Spiritual** | Art serves worship, rituals, and spiritual expression across faiths, seen in religious iconography, sacred architecture, and ceremonial objects. | | **Political** | Art acts as propaganda, activism, and social commentary, advocating for causes and challenging norms through political murals, protest art, etc. | | **Social and Cultural** | Art explores cultural identity, reflecting and celebrating cultural narratives, landscapes, and contemporary diversity. | | **Self-expression and Identity** | Art facilitates personal growth, self-reflection, and cultural pride, allowing individuals and communities to express and communicate their identities. | | **Catalyst for Change** | Art inspires societal transformations by raising awareness and challenging norms, sparking discussions and actions around social, political, or cultural issues. | | **Bridge Between Cultures** | Art transcends cultural boundaries, fostering cross-cultural understanding and appreciation through cultural exchange and dialogue. | ### Significance in Society **Good work!** ## Module #3 **Name:** **Section:** **Schedule:** **Class number:** **Date:** ### B. COACH #### B.1. Content Notes (30 mins) **Topic: Assumptions and Functions of Art** **Reading Comprehension Strategy: Definition/Description** #### Assumptions about Art: 1. **Art is everywhere:** This means that art can be found in many places around us, not just in museums or galleries. It can be in paintings, sculptures, music, dance, and even in everyday objects like clothes and buildings. 2. **Art is not nature:** This means that art is different from the natural world around us. While nature includes things like trees, animals, and mountains, art is created by people to express ideas and emotions using different materials and techniques. 3. **Art is imitating and creating:** This means that artists often observe the world around them and then use their imagination and skills to create something new. They might paint a picture of a flower they see in a garden, or they might sculpt a statue of an animal they admire. 4. **Art perfects nature:** This means that sometimes art can make things even more beautiful or meaningful than they are in nature. For example, a painting of a sunset might capture the colors and feelings of the moment in a way that makes it even more special than seeing the sunset itself. 5. **Art's message is universal:** This means that art can be understood and appreciated by people from different places and cultures. Even if someone doesn't speak the same language as the artist, they can still feel the emotions and ideas that the artwork is trying to convey. #### Functions of Art: 1. **Personal/Emotional** * **Self-expression:** This means showing your feelings, thoughts, or ideas through art. For example, painting a picture or writing a poem about how you feel. * **Emotional release:** Art can help people let out their feelings in a healthy way. For instance, drawing or writing when you’re sad or angry can make you feel better. * **Personal growth:** Creating art can help you learn new things about yourself and grow as a person. When you practice art, you get better at it, and you also learn about your strengths and what you enjoy. 2. **Cultural** * **Preserving traditions:** Art can help keep customs and practices from the past alive. For example, making traditional crafts or performing dances that have been passed down through generations. * **Fostering identity:** Art can show who you are and where you come from. It can include things like wearing traditional clothing or singing songs from your culture. * **Promoting values:** Art can teach important lessons and values. For instance, paintings or stories might teach about kindness, honesty, or bravery. 3. **Social** * **Commentary:** Art can be used to talk about important issues in society, like fairness or equality. Artists might make paintings or sculptures that show their thoughts on these topics. * **Activism:** Some art is made to try to change things in the world for the better. For example, making posters or songs to protest against unfairness or pollution. * **Raising awareness:** Art can help people learn about things they might not know much about, like endangered animals or different cultures. Artists might create exhibitions or performances to share this knowledge. 4. **Decorative/Aesthetic** * **Beautification:** Art can make things look more attractive or beautiful. For example, decorating a room with paintings or adding designs to clothes. * **Visual appeal:** This means that art is nice to look at. It can include things like colorful paintings, intricate patterns, or graceful sculptures. 5. **Spiritual** * **Religious practices:** Art has often been used in religious ceremonies and rituals. This can include things like making sacred paintings, sculptures, or music. * **Ceremonies:** Art can be part of special events or celebrations, like weddings or festivals. People might use art to decorate spaces or perform traditional dances. * **Spiritual expression:** Some art is made to show feelings or beliefs about things that are bigger than just everyday life. For example, making sculptures or paintings that represent ideas about the soul or the afterlife. ### **Done!** * Definition/Description help us understand the content better. This comprehension strategy can be used in any subject! * Keep trying! The more you use this strategy, the better you are at it. ### Strategy Review (5 mins). 1. What did you define and describe? 2. What reading comprehension strategy did we use? 3. What did you do with this strategy? 4. How many terms did you define and describe? ## Module #4 **Name:** **Section:** **Schedule:** **Class number:** **Date:** ### B. COACH #### B.1. Content Notes (30 mins) **Topic: Basic Philosophical Perspectives on Art** **Directions: Read and analyze the lecture. Using the graphic organizer below, you will define and describe the concepts.** **Basic Philosophical Perspectives on Art** | **Perspective** | **Definition** | | :--------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | **Art as *Mimesis*** | The concept of art as *mimesis* refers to the idea that art is an imitation or representation of reality. Originating from ancient Greek Philosophy, particularly from the works of Plato and Aristotle, *mimesis* involves the portrayal of the physical world, human actions, or natural phenomena in a way that reflects or mimics the real world. Plato believed that art was nothing but an ideal state. For instance, an illustration on the concept of a table that runs into two categories which are thing and actual object. | | **Art as Representation** | Aristotle believes that art should be judged by the accuracy and effectiveness of its imitation. This means that the subject matter of art should be an accurate representation of reality, and that it should represent the things that exist in the world. For example, when painting a landscape, the artist should strive to capture the colors, shapes, and textures of the natural environment as accurately as possible. | | **Art as Purposive Without a Purpose** | According to Kant, art can be considered purposive in that it seems to have been created with intention or design. However, it lacks a specific purpose or practical function beyond the aesthetic experience it provides. This idea emphasizes the intrinsic value of art and beauty, suggesting that true aesthetic appreciation is detached from utilitarian or instrumental concerns. | | **Art as *Dasein*** | Dasein is Heidegger's way of referring both to the human being and to the type of Being that humans have. Its essence lies in its existence. It can respond to its circumstances, thereby choosing its 'Being'. 'Dasein' is about the human being and its place in the world. Dasein is essentially in the world, because it continually interprets and engages with other entities and the contexts in which they lie. Only Dasein makes the world a unitary world at all, rather than a collection of entities. Dasein is the whole human being, and makes no distinction between body and mind. Heidegger rejected any purely psychological realm. | | **Art as Supreme Over Morality** | Art and Morality: Benedetto Croce argued that art should not be judged by moral standards because the purposes of art and morality are fundamentally different. While morality concerns itself with actions and their consequences, art is concerned with expressing feelings, emotions, and ideas. | ## Module #5 **Name: ALQIVIZAR, SHAYNE ANN S.** **Section: 01** **Schedule:** **Class number:** **Date: Jan 17, 2025** **Understanding the Subject and Content of Art:** * **Subject:** The subject of a piece of art encompasses the identifiable objects or themes portrayed within it, providing an answer to the question, "What is it about?" This can manifest in two main forms such as: * **Representational:** Involves the portrayal of naturalistic or realistic forms such as landscapes, portraits, and still life. These subjects are recognizable and often drawn from the observable world. * **Abstract:** Contrary to representational art, abstract pieces do not directly depict identifiable subjects. Instead, they utilize shapes, colors, and forms to evoke emotions, provoke thoughts, or convey messages. In abstract art, the focus shifts from depicting tangible objects to exploring the interplay of visual elements and their impact on the viewer. * **Content:** The content of a work of art delves into its deeper meaning or message, addressing the question, "What does it mean?" This deeper layer of significance can be derived from various sources: * **Symbolism:** Artists frequently employ symbols to represent ideas, emotions, or qualities beyond their literal appearance. These symbols imbue the artwork with layers of meaning, inviting viewers to interpret and engage with the piece on multiple levels. * **Context:** The cultural, historical, and social context surrounding the creation of art significantly influences its content. Art is often a reflection of the time, place, and society in which it was produced. Understanding the context provides valuable insight into the intended message or interpretation of the artwork. * **Artist's Intent:** At the core of every artwork lies the artist's intent - their personal vision, thoughts, and emotions that they aim to express through their creation. The artist's intent serves as a guiding force, shaping the content of the artwork and influencing how it is perceived by the audience. By understanding the artist's perspective and motivations, viewers can gain deeper insights into the artwork's significance and appreciate the creative process behind it. In essence, understanding both the subject and content of art involves unraveling the visual elements and delving into the underlying messages, symbols, and contexts that shape its meaning and impact. Through thoughtful analysis and interpretation, viewers can engage more deeply with artworks, enriching their experience and fostering a greater appreciation for the diversity and complexity of artistic expression. **Based on the text, fill in the matrix to organize key concepts (10 mins).** | **Content** | **Understanding Art** | **Subject** | | :----------- | :---------------------- | :----------- | ## Module #6 **Name:** **Section:** **Schedule:** **Class number:** **Date:** ### B. COACH #### B.1. Content Notes (30 mins) **Topic: Western Art History** **Directions: Read and analyze the lecture (content notes so you can answer the questions that follow.)** #### Western Art History: 1. **Ancient World** * **Prehistoric Art:** The history of art also covers the entire history of humankind since prehistoric times. Art is a product of man’s emotional and intellectual connection with the world. It also aimed to produce a message which will either provoke an unexplainable consciousness within the hearts of its viewers or incite wisdom among inquisitive minds. * The history of the arts reflects the artistic remnants and the wonders of civilization that commenced in the past and remains alive in our generation today. * The study of artworks and the beginning of such craftsmanship enable us to appreciate more of our present life today with our collective and colorful past. This helps us to authenticate the makers and inventors who took a great portion in the propagation and appreciation of art we now enjoy today. * **Prehistoric Art:** The art of prehistoric man is characterized for its mysterious and ritual functions. Art was prehistorically viewed as symbolic. Art is an expression of people’s religious and superstitious belief characterized as “animism”. Let us look at the prehistoric arts through the following period: * **Paleolithic:** In the history of art, prehistoric art is all art produced in preliterate, prehistoric cultures beginning somewhere in very late geological history, and generally continuing until that culture either develops writing or other methods of record-keeping, or makes significant, contact with another culture that has, and that makes some record of major historical events. At this point ancient art begins, for the older literate cultures. The end-date for what is covered by the term thus varies greatly between different parts of the world. * **Neolithic art:** was created in the form of statues, tools, paintings, and architecture. For example, the megalith was created during this time period. Megaliths are massive structures made out of stones. * **Egyptian art:** Ancient sculptures, paintings, and decorative crafts produced mostly in the dynastic periods of the 3rd-1st millennium BCE in the Nile valley of Egypt and Nubia. Egyptian art served those in power as a forceful propaganda instrument that perpetuated the existing framework of society. Much of what has survived is associated with ancient tombs. * **Mesopotamian (3500 BC-539 BC):** The early art of Mesopotamia spans the Sumerian, Assyrian, Akkadian, and Babylonian cultures, all thriving empires that existed in a large region that is known as modern day Iraq, Kuwait, and parts of Syria and Turkey. This era included many stone sculptures and narrative reliefs, including the stele upon which Hammurabi's Code is carved, and the Standard of Ur. Writing was invented around this time period, by the Sumerians. * **Ancient Greek art:** stands out among that of other ancient cultures for its development of naturalistic but idealized depictions of the human body, in which largely nude male figures were generally the focus of innovation. The rate of stylistic development between about 750 and 300 BC was remarkable by ancient standards, and in surviving works is best seen in sculpture. There were important innovations in painting, which have to be essentially reconstructed due to the lack of original survivals of quality, other than the distinct field of painted pottery. 2. **Classical Art** * **Classical art,** or Classicism, refers to artwork that draws inspiration from ancient Roman or ancient Greek culture, architecture, literature, and art. Classicism was most popular in Western art during the Renaissance period and often depicted scenes from mythology through painting, sculpture, and printmaking. * **Roman art:** spanning from the founding of Rome in 753 BCE to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE, is characterized by its adaptability and eclecticism, drawing heavily from Greek, Etruscan, and later, Egyptian influences. It encompasses a wide range of media, including sculpture, painting, mosaic, and architecture. Roman art is renowned for its realism and intricate detail, particularly in portraiture and narrative reliefs, which often depicted historical events and celebrated military victories. Architectural innovations, such as the use of concrete, the arch, the vault, and the dome, enabled the construction of monumental structures like the Colosseum, the Pantheon, and aqueducts. Roman art served both public and private purposes reflecting the empire’s political propaganda, religious practices, and social hierarchy, leaving a lasting legacy on Western art and architecture. 3. **Medieval Art:** The medieval art of the Western world covers a vast scope of time and place, with over 1000 years of art in Europe, and at certain periods in Western Asia and Northern Africa. It includes major art movements and periods, national and regional art, genres, revivals, the artists’ crafts, and the artists themselves. Art historians attempt to classify medieval art into major periods and styles, often with some difficulty. A generally accepted scheme includes the later phases of Early Christian art, Migration Period art, Byzantine art, Insular art, Pre-Romanesque, Romanesque art, and Gothic art, as well as many other periods within these central styles. In addition, each region, mostly during the period in the process of becoming nations or cultures, had its own distinct artistic style, such as Anglo-Saxon art or Viking art. * **Christian art** is sacred art which uses subjects, themes, and imagery from Christianity. Most Christian groups use or have used art to some extent, including early Christian art and architecture and Christian media. Images of Jesus and narrative scenes from the Life of Christ are the most common subjects, and scenes from the Old Testament play a part in the art of most denominations. Images of the Virgin Mary and saints are much rarer in Protestant art than that of Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. * **Byzantine art** comprises the body of artistic products of the Eastern Roman Empire, as well as the nations and states that inherited culturally from the empire. Though the empire itself emerged from the decline of western Rome and lasted until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the start date of the Byzantine period is rather clearer in art history than in political history, if still imprecise. Many Eastern Orthodox states in Eastern Europe, as well as to some degree the Islamic states of the eastern Mediterranean, preserved many aspects of the empire’s culture and art for centuries afterward. * **Romanesque art** is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic style in the 12th century, or later depending on the region. The preceding period is known as the Pre-Romanesque period. The term was invented by 19th-century art historians, especially for Romanesque architecture, which retained many basic features of Roman architectural style – most notably round-headed arches, but also barrel vaults, apses, and acanthus-leaf decoration – but had also developed many very different characteristics. * **Gothic art** was a style of medieval art that developed in Northern France out of Romanesque art in the 12th century AD, led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture. It spread to all of Western Europe, and much of Northern, Southern and Central Europe, never quite effacing more classical styles in Italy. In the late 14th century, the sophisticated court style of International Gothic developed, which continued to evolve until the late 15th century. 4. **Revival of Classic:** Classical art, or Classicism, refers to artwork that draws inspiration from ancient Roman or ancient Greek culture, architecture, literature, and art. Classicism was most popular in Western art during the Renaissance period and often depicted scenes from mythology through painting, sculpture, and printmaking. * **The Renaissance** is a period in history and a cultural movement in Europe marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity. It generally covers the 15th and 16th centuries and is characterized by an effort to revive and surpass the ideas and achievements of classical antiquity. Renaissance art (1350 – 1620 AD) is the painting, sculpture, and decorative arts of the period of European history known as the Renaissance, which emerged as a distinct style in Italy in about AD 1400, in parallel with developments which occurred in philosophy, literature, music, science, and technology. Renaissance art took as its foundation the art of Classical antiquity, perceived as the noblest of ancient traditions, but transformed that tradition by absorbing recent developments in the art of Northern Europe and by applying contemporary scientific knowledge. * **The Baroque** is a Western style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from the early 17th century until the 1750s. It followed Renaissance art and Mannerisme and preceded the Rococo (in the past often referred to as "late Baroque" and Neoclassical styles). It was encouraged by the Catholic Church as a means to counter the simplicity and austerity of Protestant architecture, art, and music, though Lutheran Baroque art developed in parts of Europe as well. * **Rococo,** also known as Late Baroque, is an exceptionally ornamental and dramatic style of architecture, art and decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colours, sculpted moulding, and trompe-l’œil frescoes to create surprise and the illusion of motion and drama. It is often described as the final expression of the Baroque movement. * **Neoclassicism,** also spelled Neo-classicism, emerged as a Western cultural movement in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity. Neoclassicism was born in Rome, largely due to the writings of Johann Joachim Winckelmann during the rediscovery of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Its popularity expanded throughout Europe as a generation of European art students finished their Grand Tour and returned from Italy to their home countries with newly rediscovered Greco-Roman ideals. #### Asian Art History * **Chinese Art:** Harmony with nature, symbolism, landscape painting, calligraphy, and porcelain; influence of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism.. * **Chinese art history** encompasses the visual arts produced in China throughout its long history, from ancient times to the present. It includes a wide range of artistic expressions, such as painting, calligraphy, sculpture, pottery, architecture, and more. Chinese art is characterized by its unique aesthetic principles, philosophical and religious influences, and diverse styles that evolved over different dynastic periods. * **Sample Artworks** * **Neolithic Pottery (c. 5000-2000 BCE)** * Example: Painted Pottery of the Yangshao Culture * **Bronze Age (c. 1600-256 BCE)** * Example: Ritual Bronzes of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties * **Han Dynasty (206 ВСЕ – 220 CE)** * Example: Funerary Art and Tomb Murals * **Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE)** * Example: Tang Dynasty Pottery and Sculpture * **Song Dynasty (960-1279 CE)** * Example: Song Dynasty Landscape Painting * **Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)** * Example: Ming Dynasty Porcelain * **Qing Dynasty (1644-1912)** * Example: Qing Dynasty Painting and Porcelain * **Modern and Contemporary Chinese Art** * Example: Modern Chinese Painting and Contemporary Art * **Japanese Art:** Simplicity, asymmetry, nature, woodblock prints (Ukiyo-e), Zen Buddhism influences; forms like ikebana (flower arranging) and bonsai... * **Japanese art** encompasses a wide range of art forms, and styles developed over centuries in Japan. It includes various media such as painting, sculpture, pottery, ink painting, calligraphy, origami, manga, and anime. Japanese art is known for its emphasis on simplicity, natural beauty, and a deep connection with nature and spirituality. * **Sample Artworks** * "The Great Wave off Kanagawa" (c. 1831) by Katsushika Hokusai * Red and White Plum Blossoms (c. 1710-1716) by Ogata Kōrin * The Tale of Genji Scroll (12th century) * Namban Screen (Late 16th – Early 17th century) * **Indian Art:** Intricate sculptures, religious themes from Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism; Mughal paintings and temples with elaborate carvings. * **Indian art** encompasses a vast and diverse range of artistic traditions and styles, spanning thousands of years and incorporating influences from various cultures and religions. It includes various forms of visual arts, such as painting, sculpture, architecture, textiles, and decorative arts. Indian art is characterized by its intricate details, rich symbolism, and vibrant use of colors. It reflects the cultural, religious, and social dynamics of the Indian subcontinent. * **Sample Artworks** * Ajanta Caves Paintings (2nd century BCE – 6th century CE) * Khajuraho Temples (950 – 1050 СЕ) * Mughal Miniature Paintings (16th – 18th century) **Tanjore Paintings (17th century - present) ** **Madhubani Paintings (Bihar)** Let’s embark on a journey to explore the fascinating world of Western and Asian art! We’ll be focusing on themes, styles, techniques, and cultural significance to understand the similarities and differences between these two rich traditions. First, let’s choose two artworks for comparison. It’s important to select pieces from similar periods or movements to make our comparison meaningful. Once we have our artworks, we’ll provide descriptions for each, including the title, artist, date of creation, medium, and techniques used. (10 mins)

ART 002: ART APPRECIATION Module Notes PDF

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