Citizen Rights and Responsibilities PDF

* Should my actions as a citizen be shaped by an ideology? General Outcome Students will understand their rights, roles and responsibilities as citizens. Specific Outcomes accept responsibilities associated with individual and collective citizenship examine perspectives on the righ...

* Should my actions as a citizen be shaped by an ideology? General Outcome Students will understand their rights, roles and responsibilities as citizens. Specific Outcomes accept responsibilities associated with individual and collective citizenship examine perspectives on the rights, roles and responsibilities of the individual in a democratic society (respect for law and order, protest, civil disobedience, political participation) * What are various the rights, roles, and responsibilities of citizens in democratic societies? * In what ways might the rights, roles, and responsibilities of citizens be affected by the actions of government during times of conflict? * In what ways might the rights, roles, and responsibilities of citizens be affected by the actions of government during times of peace? * To what extent should ideology shape responses to issues in times of peace and in times of conflict? * Throughout history, there have been many examples of documents that have defined rights, roles and responsibilities - ie. Cyrus the Great in 589BCE created the Cyrus Cylinder, which is held by many historians to be the first charter * Bible, the Quran, Magna Carta, American Declaration of Independence, French Declaration of Rights of Man, the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, etc. * Regardless of this long history of rights -a common understanding of rights is still not universal. *Rights roles and responsibilities * Cassius Clay or better known as Muhammad Ali, was drafted to the Vietnam war – he refused based on his religious beliefs – but he was found guilty and his titles stripped, boxing license canceled, fine and jail time. * https://www.pbs.org/video/muhammad-ali-refuses-vietnam-war-draft -gqtvtv / * Fast forward to Iraq war in 2003, Lieutenant Watada refused to participate, based on the belief that it was an illegal war * In 2006 he was the first army officer to refuse deployment and was charged with several offences. * What do you think? Did they have the right to refuse? Or was it their responsibility as a citizen to fight for their country? * Some would argue that these two individuals had the right to refuse military service, others feel it is the responsibility of citizens to fight *Rights vs. for their country during time of conflict Responsibilities * Your right to religious beliefs OR serve in the army? * Your right to question government action OR fight in an “unjust war” ? * Are the rights of the individual more important than their responsibilities as citizens? * Are their certain times or situations where you would change your answer ? * Society’s beliefs and values will impact government decisions * How various interpretations of the roles and responsibilities of citizens’ influence action in times of peace and conflict. * People hold different points of view on the rights and role of citizens; due to ideological beliefs, values, and personal experiences * Various understandings of rights, roles and responsibilities * As a Canadian do you know your rights? * Do you know your responsibilities? It is very clear in Canada what are rights and responsibilities are *Rights, roles, and responsibilities * Obey the law- that is a responsibility of being a citizen and belonging to a democratic nation. The laws are part of a contract we agree to follow as citizens of a community. Laws can be adapted from citizen feedback. * We have a justice system to ensure these laws are followed. * (police officers, and judges) * Some people go even further and feel it is their responsibility to ensure that others obey the law to help keep the community safe. (COP citizens on patrol) or Guardian angels are groups that work in communities to report any illegal or suspicious acts * Respect for law and order * “One person can make a difference as long as others will dare to care with them.” * 1979 – a non-profit New York city based * Responsible for creating 100s of safety patrols throughout the USA and world wide. * Act as role models and lead by example * * Spiderman, Batman, Superman are all fictional characters who pursue vigilante acts. * Some might even take it further and follow vigilantly (take law enforcement into their own hands) behaviour * According to Merriam-Webster, a vigilante is a self-appointed doer of justice. * John Walsh/America’s Most Wanted community involvement in fighting crime has led to dramatic results. More than 1,000 fugitives, including 15 criminals from the FBI’s 10 Most Wanted List, have been captured due to the crime tips that have been reported to trained operators who work on-site. * Daniel Penny 2023 – chokehold and killed someone * 1984 – Bernie Goetz shot 4 African American individuals – on New York Subway as they tried to rob him *Vigilantism A desire by citizens to affect change may encourage citizens in a democratic country to participate in the political process. * Ways in which an individual can participate include; * Writing a letter sending email, tweet to MP or MLA * Make the issue public –present to newspaper * Petition * Protest or rally on an issue * Take issue to higher authority * Run in an election or join a political party * VOTE *Political Participation * The worldviews and ideologies of individuals who value and provide humanitarianism may vary, yet they have a common understanding of their responsibility as citizens. That is to help! * What beliefs and values about the roles and responsibilities of citizens do you think motivate people to participate in humanitarian organizations? * Concern and effort to improve the state of humankind * Crisis situations ( poverty, natural disasters, abuse) often influence citizens to interpret and act on their rights, roles and responsibilities. (Canadians donated over 500 million after the 2004 tsunami ) * An example * Medicines san Frontiers (doctors without borders) believe it necessary to act to help alleviate suffering during crisis, especially children. * Currently they are providing critical medical care to people in over 70 countries * You can volunteer actively in regions facing crisis, or donate funding * Goal is to raise 1 million dollars by December 31st 2023. * Humanitarian coalition – in Gaza * Humanitarianism * An example – Amnesty International * Oppose torture, executions, and all forms of human rights abuse. * Protect human rights defenders and free prisoners of conscience. * Stop war crimes and protect civilians in danger. * Bring perpetrators to justice and strengthen the international human rights framework. * Ensure human rights for all * 2minvidonwhattheydo *Humanitarianism * The freedom to be able to question the decisions made by our government is an important part of liberal democracy. * When citizens do feel their will is not being reflected or their voices go unheard often next steps are taken – PROTEST * Is to help bring awareness to the concerns or issues of a particular group. * Some citizens even believe it may require breaking the law – * Civil disobedience – This is typically when people feel a law or action taken by government is unjust. * The action taken is non-violent *Protest and Civil Disobedience * We have already discussed some civil disobedience from chapter 10 – Food not bombs * Martin Luther King Jr. and the civil rights movement * Gandhi and the path to nation hood for India * During Canada’s role in Afghanistan many Canadians protested our military’s role – again creates concern over the citizens role and responsibility *Protest and civil disobedience * Jimmie Lee Jackson? * A civil rights activist, who was brutally killed by Alabama police. This sparked the Marches * Series of 3 marches fighting primarily for the lack of the right to vote, also for the lack of justice for the death of Jackson. * Marchesvideo * The marches resulted in some significant new legislation such as, * The Voting Rights Act, signed into law on Aug. 6, 1965, was a victory for the Civil Rights Movement, southern African Americans, and American democracy. * It outlawed strategies that had been used by white supremacists to disenfranchise Black citizens and included provisions to facilitate the registration of new voters. *Marches- Selma to Montgomery * Knowledge and understanding questions 1-4 page 403. * Sorry no partners- individually completed please! *task * Citizens and Government during times of conflict In what ways might the rights, roles, and responsibilities of citizens be affected by the actions of government during times of conflict? Citizenship and aboriginal participation during WWI and WWII Anti war movements Pro democracy movements * The role you play as a citizen of a country is shaped by your ideology. * For example, you may choose to take a stand on an issue related to environmental protection or humanitarian crises – you make take part in the political process or you may provide leadership to help make change. * American philosopher Henry Thoreau wrote a book titled Civil Disobedience Where he states “The only obligation which I have a right to assume is to do at any time what I think is right” * He believes that there are both just and unjust laws * Citizens and Government during times of conflict * Sometimes, despite decisions made by their government, citizens as individuals or collectives, take action based on their ideological convictions. * In WWI & WWII, Aboriginal soldiers accepted the responsibilities of Canadian citizenship, even though the Canadian government had not granted them the rights of citizenship. Even after WWII the right to vote was denied * 1914 – many Aboriginal people were feeling betrayed by the Canadian Gov’t as a result of colonial policies of assimilation and discrimination – especially under the Indian act * But Aboriginal people still volunteered in large numbers for the war effort (about 1/3 aged 18 – 45) an estimated 4000 enlisted in the war * Citizenship and Aboriginal Participation in the First and Second World War * Many Aboriginal men were skilled trappers and hunters, they were often called on to act as patrol leaders, safely guiding soldiers through dangerous enemy territory. (at least 50 were given medals of bravery) * The armed Forces was the only place where some Aboriginal men were treated equally in society. Unfortunately post WWI & WWII, Gov’t benefits to Aboriginals were less than non aboriginal benefits. * 2001 GG Adrian Clarkson dedicated the Aboriginal Veterans War Monument in Ottawa – a gesture to thank Aboriginal soldiers for the role they played in fighting for Canada in several wars. * Citizenship and Aboriginal Participation in the First and Second World War * When freedoms are limited or our ability to question government is overlooked people will take action. * Individuals can express their citizenship in a democratic society by taking part in movements or protests against the government’s decision to participate or not participate in war. *Citizenship and Anti War Movements * Vietnam movement – * 1954-1975 North Vietnam vs. South Vietnam (USA backed) * Americans were pursuing the foreign policy to attempt to hold back communism * Anti-War movement began slowly in the 1960’s because - public opinion generally supported limited US intervention. The spread of communism was seen as a threat to the values of Liberalism (Cold War Period) and capitalism and the American way of life. * With the increase of American casualties, and really no clear indication of an end to the war many Americans began to question the legitimacy of American involvement in the war. * Citizenship and Anti- war Movements Vietnam * Muhammed Ali - Refused to be drafted into the military – opinion polls showed that the majority of Americans did not think that US interference in the politics of a foreign country was legitimate. * Began in US colleges and universities during the 1960’s when more troops were being sent to Vietnam * By the end of 1968, 500 000 soldiers in Vietnam * October 15 was the first set of protests across the states. * November 15, 1969 – the largest peace march in US history brought 500 000 protesters to Washington (Vietnam Moratorium) Moratorium on Vietnam war * Citizenship and Anti- war Movements Vietnam *Vietnam protests *Television had a huge impact on public opinion and helped the anti-war movement grow. (Harsh realities of the war were shown on TV) *Many American’s began to question their country’s role in Vietnam and their own responsibility as citizens. *Role of media and Vietnam protests * March 20, 2003 the USA, invaded Iraq * In months leading up to the invasion many people held anti-war rallies and marches * In Canada, anti-war protests were held in cities across the country-Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal, Halifax. *Anti - war protests Iraq * *Citizenship and Pro Democracy movements  * The Orange revolution in Ukraine * November 21 2004, citizens of the Ukraine went to the polls to vote in a presidential election. * Candidates: Viktor Yushchenko (pro-Western candidate) and Viktor Yanukovych backed by the Russian Gov’t * Problems for Yushchenko during the campaign – interference by Yanukovych and dioxin poisoning. Blood tests showed he was poisoned with a key ingredient of Agent Orange – a herbicide used in the Vietnam war *Pro – democracy movements * On election day, numerous allegations of election fraud, voter intimidation, multiple voting and the burning of ballot boxes in areas of strong Yshchenko support. Yanukovych was declared the winner of the election. * Nov. 22 – the following day massive protests erupted against the election results. * Hundreds of thousands of people, many wearing orange (Yushchenko’s campaign colors) descended on central Kiev to peacefully state their objection to the apparent election fraud and to begin a pro-democracy movement in the Ukraine. It lasted 2 weeks, eventually a new election was held and Yushchenko won. * A peaceful protest by citizens * changed the history of a country. *The Orange Revolution * Gained independence from Great Britain in 1948 * Previously known as Burma has been ruled by the military from 1962 to 2011. * 1962 the military junta was established under General Ne Win * 1974 He established an isolationist policy and nationalized all economic enterprises. * Since the late 1980’s many clashes between pro-democracy supporters and the gov’t have led to the arrests, imprisonment, and deaths of thousands of pro-democracy supporters each year * 1988 massive protests spread, lead by students “8888 uprising” (August 8th 1988) * 1989 a new military coup under General Saw Maung crushed the revolt, established martial law, and changed Burma’s name to Myanmar *Pro democracy movements in Myanmar * Aung San Suu Kyi (nobel peace prize winner) The leader of the NLD, national league for democracy won a landslide victory in 1990( But was placed under house arrest for 20 years, and since has been jailed several times. * She has become the most famous political dissident in Burma, and a symbol of non-violence resistance to oppression. * 2007 saw a new set of uprisings against the military leaders – became known as the Saffron revolution due to the colour of the robes worn by monks. This uprising was met with severe repression and many were killed. * Yielding to outside political pressure Aung San Suu Kyi was released in 2010. * Military leaders agreed to a transition to democracy *Pro Democracy Myanmar * In the elections of 2011 a civilian government did win and was able to have some say in government decisions. * The USDP which was the new party of the military won the election, but it was considered unfair and not accept by foreign leaders as legitimate, ultimately with by elections the NLD was able to be elected to parliament. * A second election was held in 2020 bringing to power the democratically elected civilian government however the military was too powerful and was able to once again gain complete control in Feb. 2021 with another coup. * Since then Myanmar has been caught in a civil war. * Throughout its decades of independence, Myanmar has struggled with military rule, civil war, poor governance, and widespread poverty. A military coup in February 2021 dashed hopes for democratic reforms in the Southeast Asian nation. *Pro Democracy protests in Myanmar * Hong Kong became a British colony after the Opium wars – which awarded Britain 99 years lease this ended in 1997 This is when it was handed back to China “one country two systems” * 2014 pro-democracy protests were about Hong Kong seeking full democratic rights – as a way to fight the growing imposition of the Chinese government * 2 months of protesting finally dispersed but people still wanted change * 2019 An extradition bill was announced that would allow residents of Hong Kong to be tried in mainland China * Hong Kong – Umbrella revolution 2014 and summer of 2019 * Pause and reflect page 402. * Both Pause and reflect on page 406. * Pause and reflect on page 411. *Text questions to complete- show mrs. Farrell * Page 402 – The interests of the country might outweigh the importance of the individual’s interests. Canadian participation in past military operations such as WWII were considered by many to be essential to maintain rights as a Canadian citizen. * Page 406 Many Indigenous soldiers felt responsibility as citizens – especially as part of the ideology of active citizenship towards the collective, many saw it as a way out of the conditions faced on reserve. * Citizens have the responsibility to share their opinion with the government in a peaceful way – for example join an anti-war protest * Page 411 - Ukrainian citizens knew that their democratic rights were not being upheld or recognized. Their values would be democratic principles, honesty, transparancy, accountability. It is their responsibility to make sure the government reflects the values of the people *Answers * Citizens and Government during Times of Peace In what ways might the rights, roles, and responsibilities of citizens be affected by the actions of government during times of peace? Famine Relief in Africa Responding to natural disasters Responding to climate change * So far we have covered the idea that as a citizen there are certain roles, responsibilities and rights one has. * What exactly these are depends on the values and ideologies of the nation and government. * We also explored how during conflict these (R,R,R) might be impacted by government decisions * Today we will begin to explore how citizenship is reflected during times of peace. *Introduction  * Famine/disaster relief – Many feel it is essential to help those who are having freedoms threatened or during disaster providing relief. – acting as a global citizen. * 1984 famine in Ethiopia - The international powers (USA and England) really did not respond. So our PM at the time took the initiative. * Many Canadians gave huge donations * resulted in; we are the world and Tears are not enough where huge names in the music industry get together to organize concerts and the sales go towards the cause. * Over a million died, 8 million were facing starvation. * Canadian Gov’t gave $50 million, http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=9uDrxGOCDMY Providing support and aid * evolved into Live8 in 2005 * http://www.live8live.com/ * There have been many concerts over the years * Tibetan Freedom concert 1996 * The concert for New York City 2001 * Tsunami aid 2005 a concert of hope * One love Manchester 2017 (bombing during Arainna Grande concert) *Humanitarian support * 2004 powerful earthquake off the coast of Indonesia caused a tsunami that hit countries in the Indian Ocean region. * 200 000 people died and millions were left homeless * Canadian gov’t would match individual Canadian donations - $425 million sent over in total * Canadian government also provided support through immigration to Canada for family members impacted. * 2008 CIDA was still providing support to people in the region *Responding to the 2004 tsunam *Environmental issues and thegrowing threat of climate change concern many Canadians. *The way citizens respond to climate change and its effects depends on how they see their rights and responsibilities regarding the environment. (becomes a global issue) *Some citizens join political parties (Green party) which advocates care of the environment *Some citizens follow environmental org’s advice * Responding to climate change * For environmentalists the concern is global and will/does involve all of the globe’s citizens. * Strongly advocate for citizens to take responsibility – by making changes in their everyday lives. * What could this include? * Buying an EV * 6 R’s * Persuade and convince governments to take action and introduce legislation to combat climate change *Responding to Climate Change * Pause and reflect page 402. * Both Pause and reflect on page 406. * Pause and reflect on page 411. * Pause and reflect on page 413 * Pause and reflect on page 416. Pg 419 Knowledge and understanding questions 1 - 3 *Textbook questions to complete