Acids Practice Questions - PDF

1. What is the general formula for a carboxylic acid? * A) RCHO * B) RCOR * C) RCOOH * D) RCOOR 2. Which of the following describes the solubility of short-chain carboxylic acids in water? * A) Insoluble * B) Soluble * C) They react violently with water * D) They decompose in water 3. Why are carb...

1. What is the general formula for a carboxylic acid? * A) RCHO * B) RCOR * C) RCOOH * D) RCOOR 2. Which of the following describes the solubility of short-chain carboxylic acids in water? * A) Insoluble * B) Soluble * C) They react violently with water * D) They decompose in water 3. Why are carboxylic acids soluble in water? * A) They are non-polar molecules * B) They form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. * C) They are ionic compounds. * D) They have a low boiling point. 4. Which of the following is the strongest acid? * A) Ethanol * B) Water * C) Phenol * D) Ethanoic acid 5. What is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide? * A) An ester and water * B) A salt and water * C) An alkane and water * D) An alcohol and water 6. What is the product of the reduction of a carboxylic acid using LiAlH4? * A) An aldehyde * B) A primary alcohol * C) A ketone * D) An alkane 7. What are the reagents needed for the esteri cation of a carboxylic acid? fi * A) An alcohol and an acid catalyst * B) An alcohol and a base catalyst * C) An acyl chloride and an alcohol * D) An aldehyde and an alcohol 8. What is the name given to the following compound, CH3COOCH2CH3? * A) Methyl Ethanoate * B) Ethyl Methanoate * C) Ethyl Propanoate * D) Ethyl Ethanoate 9. What are the products of the acid hydrolysis of an ester? * A) A carboxylic acid and an alcohol * B) A salt of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol * C) An acyl chloride and water * D) An amide and water 10. What are the products of the alkaline hydrolysis of an ester? * A) A carboxylic acid and an alcohol * B) A salt of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol * C) An acyl chloride and water * D) An amide and water 11. Which of the following is a use of esters? * A) As a fuel * B) As a plasticiser * C) As a strong acid * D) As an oxidising agent 12. What is the formula of an acyl chloride? * A) RCOCl * B) RCOOH * C) RCl * D) RCOOR 13. What is produced when an acyl chloride reacts with water? * A) A carboxylic acid and hydrogen chloride gas * B) An ester and water * C) An alcohol and hydrogen chloride gas * D) An amide and water 14. What observation is made when an acyl chloride reacts with water? * A) No visible change * B) A silver mirror forms * C) Steamy fumes are produced * D) A yellow precipitate is formed 15. What reagent is used to convert a carboxylic acid to an acyl chloride? * A) Concentrated HCl * B) PCl5 * C) SOCl2 * D) Cl2 16. What type of compound is produced by the reaction between a carboxylic acid and ammonia? * A) An ester * B) A primary amide * C) A secondary amide * D) A nitrile 17. What is the general formula of a primary amide? * A) RCONH2 * B) RCONHR * C) RCONR2 * D) RCN 18. What reagent can be used to convert a primary amide to a nitrile? * A) LiAlH4 * B) P4O10 * C) NaBH4 * D) KCN 19. What is produced from the hydrolysis of a nitrile under acidic conditions? * A) An amide * B) A carboxylic acid * C) An amine * D) An alcohol  20. What is the functional group in a nitrile? * A) -CN * B) -CONH2 * C) -COCl * D) -COOR 21. What are the products when propanamide, CH3CH2CONH2 undergoes acid hydrolysis? * A) Propanoic acid and ammonia * B) Propanoic acid and ammonium chloride * C) Sodium Propanoate and ammonia * D) Propanenitrile and water 22. What is the product when a haloalkane reacts with KCN? * A) An alcohol * B) A nitrile * C) An amine * D) A carboxylic acid 23. What reagent can reduce a nitrile to a primary amine? * A) KCN * B) P4O10 * C) LiAlH4 * D) H2O/H+ 24. Which of the following equations correctly represents the decarboxylation of sodium ethanoate with soda lime? * A) CH3COONa + NaOH → CH4 + Na2CO3 * B) CH3COOH + NaOH → CH4 + Na2CO3 * C) CH3CH2COONa + NaOH → CH3CH3 + Na2CO3 * D) CH3COONa + 2NaOH → CH4 + Na2CO3 + H2O 25. How can benzoic acid be produced from methylbenzene? * A) Re ux with alkaline potassium manganate(VII), followed by acidi cation with HCl. fi fl * B) React directly with concentrated H2SO4 and HNO3 * C) React with chlorine in the presence of UV light * D) React with PCl5 Answers and Explanations: 1. C - RCOOH 2. B - Short-chain carboxylic acids are soluble due to hydrogen bonding. 3. B 4. D - Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenols, water, or alcohols. 5. B - Neutralisation reaction. 6. B - LiAlH4 is a strong reducing agent. 7. A - Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid --(Acid Catalyst)--> Ester + Water 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. A - Acyl chlorides react violently with water. 14. C The HCl gas produced creates steamy fumes. 15. B - PCl5 (phosphorus pentachloride) in dry ether. 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. B Because the hydrolysis is carried out in acidic conditions, the ammonia produced reacts to form the ammonium ion. 22. B 23. C 24. A - Decarboxylation *removes* CO2 from the original molecule. 25. A - Oxidation of the methyl side chain. The acidi cation is crucial to convert the salt to the acid. fi