Hazard Analysis in the Workplace PDF

IT2036 Procedures in Hazards Analysis in the Workplace 5-Step Hazard Analysis Procedure Step 1: Identify the hazards. Step 2: Identify and rank possible incidents and consequences. Step 3: Act to reduce significant consequences. Step 4: Estimate the frequencies of significant residu...

IT2036 Procedures in Hazards Analysis in the Workplace 5-Step Hazard Analysis Procedure Step 1: Identify the hazards. Step 2: Identify and rank possible incidents and consequences. Step 3: Act to reduce significant consequences. Step 4: Estimate the frequencies of significant residual consequences. Step 5: Estimate risk and prioritize action. Potential Hazards in the Workplace Checklist Chemical Physical Health ❑ Flammable ❑ Electrical ❑ Physical Injury ❑ Explosive ❑ Radiation ❑ Mental Health ❑ Unstable ❑ Noise ❑ Highly reactive ❑ Toxic ❑ Corrosive Examples: Chemical Physical Health - Gas - Hot grill - Chemical fumes - Fire - Hot oven - Customer stress - Hot Grease - Knives - Heavy lifting - Slippery floor - Pressure to work - Steam fast Hazard + Incident = Consequence (Dingwall, 2017) Hazard is a source or situation with the potential to cause harm in terms of injury, ill health, damage to property, damage to the environment, or a combination of these. Incident is an event that realizes the damage potential of a hazard and can vary not only in type but also in frequency. Incidents are the different events that can culminate in the occurrence of an accident or a consequence. This can involve tasks that involve human exposure, environmental exposure, chemical exposure, etc. Consequence refers to the accident or the untoward event, which is not expected or designed by the victim and this, may vary in severity (how bad) and frequency (how often). Eliminate/reduce hazards Can I eliminate the hazard? Can I substitute it with something less hazardous? Can I use less? Eliminate/reduce incidents Use of more reliable equipment Better maintenance Simplification of a process Reduce human error by automation. (physical separation from the hazard) 02 Handout 1 *Property of STI [email protected] Page 1 of 3  IT2036 Delphi Method - The Delphi method is one technique that has been used on projects to address two issues of time and risk. - The Delphi Schedule Risk Assessment approach uses people who are knowledgeable and experienced in the processes to provide input. - The application of this technique can create an environment in which the project team members can voice concerns and provide an opportunity for the project and functional managers to become involved in problem-solving. (Campanis, 1997) Hazard Analysis Techniques (Ericson, 2015) Hazard analysis techniques are performed to determine the potential for deviations from or weaknesses in the system design that could pose a hazard to personnel and/or equipment. It is also important to identify risks, methods to reduce risk, and any actions needed to ensure that the equipment can be operated and maintained safely. Examples of these techniques are: A. ‘What if’ Analysis The What if analysis is one example of a brainstorming technique that comes in the form of asking ‘What If’ questions to identify possible deviations and weaknesses in the design. ‘What if’ hazard analysis is used to verify that “no single point of failure or operational error is allowed immediate exposure of personnel, facilities or community to hazards. The example in the slide shows an example of a what if analysis technique. What if Consequence Comments What if Equipment Turn off the equipment failure equipment and temperature increase the exceeds its Meltdown of cooling system. limit? components The thoroughness and accuracy of this technique depend upon the composition and expertise of the team members doing the analysis. Also, it has a disadvantage of stopping at a single point of failure instead of investigating the system further or as a whole. B. HAZOP Analysis Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing process or operation to identify and evaluate potential hazards and operability problems and ensure the ability of equipment in accordance with the design intent. The HAZOP process is a rigorous analysis tool that systematically analyzes each part of a system or activity. HAZOP systematically reviews credible deviations, identifies potential accidents resulting from the deviations, investigates engineering and administrative controls to protect against the deviations, and generates recommendations for system improvements. This detailed analysis process requires a substantial commitment of time from both the analysis facilitator and other subject matter experts, such as crew members, engineering personnel, equipment vendors, etc. Sample: 02 Handout 1 *Property of STI [email protected] Page 2 of 3  IT2036 C. Fault Tree Analysis Fault tree analysis is a tool for analyzing and evaluating failure paths through visual displays. The concept of this analysis is that failure behavior can be translated into a visual diagram or a logic model. Example: References: Campanis, N. A. (1997). Delphi: not the Greek oracle, but close. PM Network, 11(2), 46–49. Department Of Labor And Employment - Occupational Safety and Health Center. (2019) Basic Occupational safety and health training. http://www.oshc.dole.gov.ph/images/OSHTrainingAnnouncement/BOSH- Manual_Narrative-Handout.pdf Dingwall, R., & Frost, S. (2017). Health and safety in a changing world. London Routledge. Ericson, II, C. E. A. (2015). Hazard analysis techniques for system safety (2nd ed.). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471739421.fmatter 02 Handout 1 *Property of STI [email protected] Page 3 of 3