Blueprint HA 2 (1) PDF

**Blueprint:** **[Skin Lesions: ]** [The ABCDEF of Skin Lesions ] Teach pts about the ABCDEF of skin lesions - - - - - - Shape of lesions - -  Shape of lesion - - - - - - - - - - Bacterial rashes - Symptoms: flu like, fe...

**Blueprint:** **[Skin Lesions: ]** [The ABCDEF of Skin Lesions ] Teach pts about the ABCDEF of skin lesions - - - - - - Shape of lesions - -  Shape of lesion - - - - - - - - - - Bacterial rashes - Symptoms: flu like, fever, HA, stiff neck, **photophobia**, rash **Toxic epidermal necrolysis**  More severe than : Steven Johnson Syndrome Symptoms : flu, fever, after initial symptoms: skin blisters and peels : raw painful areas mucous mem involved Complications : dehydration, sepsis, pneumonia, MOF **[Primary Lesions;]** **Macule** \< 0.5 - 1 cm Patch \> 1cm Morphology: flat, level with the surface of the skin  **Papule** \< 0.5 - 1 cm Plaque \> 1 cm Morphology : solid, elevated lesion Vasicle \< 0.5 cm Bulla \> 0.5 cm Morphology: blister , contains fluid or blood **[Eschar; ]** - - - **[Herpes Zoster -8]** - - - - - - - **[Nails - 1]** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **[Head - Abnormality - 1]** Auscultation for temporal bruit - - - Head: anatomy & physiology Major landmarks: - - They need to be symmetrical or else one of the nerves is damaged CN'S - - - - **[Eyes: General - 1]** Snellen chart: - Geiger chart: - - Confrontational test: - - - Fixation: - - PERRLA: Pupil, Equal, Reactive, Round, Light, Accommodation - **[Eye movement - 1]** - - - **[Cataracts - 3]** Cataract formation - - - - - - - - **[Eye Cranial Nerves - 1]** - - - - - Consensual constriction: when both pupils constrict at the same time. - **[Ears: General Assessment - 3]** - - - - - - **[Ears Hearing - 6 ]** Conductive hearing loss: when soundwaves cannot pass through the outer and middle ear ↳ partial loss: pt can hear if sound is amplitude → hearing aids Forms of hearing - - Sensorineural (perceptive) hearing loss: - Young adults hearing loss causes: - Healing loss in Aging Adults: - - - - - - Eustachian tube dysfunction: - - - **[Ears Inner/Middle/External Ear - 2]** - - - - - - - - - - **[Breath Sounds - General 3]** - - -  **[Audio - 3]** Adventitious lung sounds: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **[Oral abnormalities - 7]** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Abnormal findings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **[Oral Assessment - 1]** - - - **[Nasal Abnormalities - 3]** - - - - - - - - - - - -  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **[Nasal Assessment/General - 1]** Kiesselbach plexus located in septum- common site of nosebleeds - - **[Sinuses Assessment - 1]** Sinusitis : is the inflammation of the sinuses, which are air-filled spaces in the skull that help produce mucus and filter the air we breathe. - - Sinuses openings are narrow and easily occluded: inflammation, sinusitis **[Thoracic Assessment/ General - 2]** - - What do you NOT do on thyroid gland when examining? Percussion **[Lung Anatomy - 3]** **Lungs**: Right lung has 3 lobes, and the left lung has 2 lobes. - - - - - **Borders**: The **apex** is the highest point in the anterior chest, and the **base** rests on the diaphragm. **Pleurae**: Visceral pleura covers the lungs, and parietal pleura lines the chest wall. These pleurae maintain a vacuum that keeps the lungs expanded. - **[Abnormal Respiration - 2]** - - **Atelectasis**: collapsed alveoli or lung - Pleural effusion: fluid - **Hypercapnia**: increase in CO2 levels blood Hyperpnea: Eupnea: norma rhythm **[Lymph Nodes - 3]** [Major causes of Lymph node enlargement ] - Infection: acute, tender, warm - - Malignancy: - [Palpate Thyroid ] - - - - Abnormalities: enlarged lobes, tender, nodules, lumps