Blood Preparatory 2024 PDF

1 BLOOD Properties Formation FunctionsComponents.)In medical terms, blood is referred to as haemo (hemo) or haemato (hemato 2 Blood is the body’s fluid connective tissue, circulate insi...

1 BLOOD Properties Formation FunctionsComponents.)In medical terms, blood is referred to as haemo (hemo) or haemato (hemato 2 Blood is the body’s fluid connective tissue, circulate inside the blood vessels under the pumping action of the Heart. It flows in a regular unidirectional movement within the closed circulatory system. Blood Considered a connective tissue & it made up of blood cells, and a matrix formed of a liquid ground substance (called plasma), and dissolved protein fibers. Blood is composed of Liquid and Solid part:(Plasma and blood cells) Blood Properties: Color , volume …etc 3  What’s the Blood Blood Difference? Bright Red Deep Red -Purple 4  Properties of Blood Colour: Blood is red in colour. Arterial blood is bright red because it contains more oxygen and venous blood is dark purple red because of more carbon dioxide. Volume: Average volume of blood *in a normal adult is 5-6 L for males, a 4-5 L for females *in a new-born baby, is 450 ml. Weight: It is about 8% of the body weight in a normal healthy adult. Reaction and pH: Blood is slightly alkaline and its pH in normal conditions is.7.4 Viscosity: Blood is five times more sticky than water. due to red blood cells and plasma proteins. Temperature of blood is 38° about 1°C higher than body temperature. 5 Formation: Where Blood Cells Made? Hematopoiesis Before we are born, early in the embryo’s development, there’s a structure that’s called a yolk sac. called blood islands , is one of the early sites of blood formation or hematopoiesis As development progresses, blood formation occurs in the spleen, liver and lymph nodes. When bone marrow Sites Of Hemopoiesis Blood formation develops, and by the time a child becomes In an early developing embryo : The yolk sac the early sites an adult, most of the hematopoiesis happens As the embryo develops- child :different sites: liver , spleen& lymph node in the red bone marrow and in adult, the red bone marrow. 6  COMPOSITION OF BLOOD 7 8 To study human blood components %55 Liquid portion, Non Formed %45 Solid Sediment portion, Formed Elements After collection of blood, place it in a tube into centrifuge for 10 15 min after centrifuging the blood components separation into 3 colored areas can be seen (upper layer, straw-colored or pale yellow), (middle, thin gray-white-colour layer,) and (bottom layer. Red colour) At top half of the centrifugation tube:(~ 55%) A straw-colored (pale yellow) is the Plasma At bottom half of the centrifugation tube: (~ 44%) A Red color: sediment material consists of Erythrocytes , also called hematocrit (PCV) Between the plasma and the Erythrocytes: (