Ancient Chinese History Outline PDF

Ancient Chinese History 1.Who are truly the ancestors of the Chinese people? Huangdi and Yandi 2. Which dynasty is the first one in Chinese history? Xia Dynasty 3. Which dynasty unified the entire China the first time? Qin dynasty 4.Who is the first emperor(皇帝huángdì) in Chinese history? Qin Shi H...

Ancient Chinese History 1.Who are truly the ancestors of the Chinese people? Huangdi and Yandi 2. Which dynasty is the first one in Chinese history? Xia Dynasty 3. Which dynasty unified the entire China the first time? Qin dynasty 4.Who is the first emperor(皇帝huángdì) in Chinese history? Qin Shi Huang 5.From which dynasty, Chinese people became to be known as “Han people”？ Han Dynasty 6. The SILK Road started from which dynasty? Han Dynasty 7.Tang dynasty is famous for its Prosperity, from whom to whom? From Emperor Taizong Emperor Xuanzong or Guancheng and kaiyuan 8. The earliest banknotes appeared in which dynasty and its name? The song dynasty (Jiaozi) 9. Who sailed to the "Western Oceans" seven times and he lived in which dynasty? Zheng he during the ming dynasty 10. The last dynasty is…? Qing dynasty Modern and Contemporary Chinese History 1.Who destroyed all the existing opium? In which city? Lin Zexu, in Humen, Guangdong 2.Which year was the First Opium War ? 1839 3.Which garden was burned by the British and French allied forces? Yuan ming yuan 4.Who was the Banner of the Chinese Revolutionary Democrats? Sun Yat Sen 5. Which year was the Xinhai Revolution? 1911 6.The Republic of China was established in ? 1st January 1912 7. When was The Communist Party of China founded? 23 July 1921 8. When did The War of Resistance Against Japan start from and how long did it last? 1931-1945 (14 years). 9.When was the People's Republic of China established? 1st October 1949 10.the highest organ of state power is ? The National People's Congress (NPC). 11.China's reform and opening-up to the outside world began in? 1978 12. Who was the chief designer of China's reform and opening-up? Deng Xiaoping Chinese Geography 1.China’s full name? The People's Republic of China (PRC) 2.China’s territory? 9.6 million square kilometers 3.How many administrative divisions/provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities/special administrative? 34 (23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, 2 special administrative regions). 4.Which city is China’s capital? Which city is China’s economic center? Beijing (capital), Shanghai (economic center). 5. Which city is the ancient capital of 13 imperial dynasties? Xi’an 6.How many ethnic groups in China? How many minorities？Which one has the largest population? 56 (55 minorities, Han largest). 7.How many levels can be divided according to altitude? 3 levels 8.Which plateau is called “Roof of the world”? Tibetan Plateau. 9.Which peak is the highest one of the Himalayas? Mount Everest 10.Which mountain is the natural boundary between China’s North and South? Qinling Mountain 11.Which river is the largest one in China? Which river is the mother river of the Chinese nation? Largest River: Yangtze River; Mother River: Yellow River. 12. What is Wuyue? The 5 sacred mountains ​ Huang Shan(黄山) ​ Tai Shan(泰山) ​ Heng Shan(恒山) ​ Song Shan(嵩山) ​ Hua Shan(华山) 13. Which mountain was the holy mountain worshipped by the people and sacrificed to by the emperor? Mount tai (taishan) 14. Where is the Hanging Temple? Shanxi 15. Where is the Shaolin Temple? Henan 16. Where is “ three mountains squeezing two basins”? Xinjiang region 17. The first National Forest Park in China is……? Zhangjiajie 18. Where is the Terracotta Army? Xi’an 19. Giant panda’s hometown is? Sichuan CHINESE CUISINE 1.What are the main foods in southern and northern China? rice (south), wheat based dishes (north) 2.What will Chinese people eat in Spring Festival(especially in northern China) and other importand days？ dumplings (jiaozi), spring rolls 3.Eight cuisines are…… Sichuan, Guangdong, Shandong, Jiangsu, Fujian, Zhejiang, Hunan, Anhui. 4.Which is the oldest existing major cuisine in China? Shandong /Lu Cuisine. 5.Hot-pot and Mapo doufu belong to which cuisine? Sichuan Cuisine/ Chuan Cai Cuisine. 6. What is the festival food on The Dragon Boat Festival? And during the Mid-autumn Festival? Zongzi (Dragon Boat Festival), Mooncakes (Mid-Autumn Festival). 7.How many solar terms in China? 24 8.What will Chinese people eat on Winter Solstice冬至（Dōnɡzhì）？ Dumplings Chinese Literature Art 1. Which book is the first collection of poems in China? How many poems in total? It is categorized into 3 parts, 3 parts are called? Book of songs, a total poem of 305. categories: feng, ya, song 2. Which work is the representative in Chu Ci(Songs from the South) and the longest lyrical poem in Chinese classical literature? Li Sao (离骚), the longest lyrical poem in Chinese classical literature. 3. Who is the most important author of Chu Ci? (Who is the Dragon Boat Festival commemorating) qu yuan 4. Which book is the collection of Confucius' words and deeds? And its core idea? The analects, core idea: benevolence 5. Who is the representative of romantic poets in the Tang Dynasty? li bai 6. In Chinese poems, which object indicates remembrance or love? The moon 7. Which dynasty is the peak of Ci-Poetry? song dynasty 8. What are the Four Classical Novels and their authors? ​ Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong. ​ Journey to the West by Wu Cheng'en. ​ The Outlaws of Marsh or Water Margin by Shi Nai'an. ​ Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin and Gao E’ 9. Which classical novel depicts the daily life of the people in the Jia family? Dream of the Red Chamber (Hongloumeng). 10. Which classical novel is based on historical facts from Wei, Shu and Wu? Romance of the Three Kingdoms 11. Which classical novel shows us the story of how Tang Monk went to the west in a quest for Buddhist scriptures? Journey to the west 12. Lin Daiyu, Jia Baoyu, Guanyu, Caocao, Zhuge Liang, Su Wukong, Zhu Bajie, Song Jiang, Wu Song, are there figures from which novel? ​ Lin Daiyu, Jia Baoyu: Dream of the Red Chamber. ​ Guanyu, Caocao, Zhuge Liang: Romance of the Three Kingdoms. ​ Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie: Journey to the West. ​ Song Jiang, Wu Song: Water Margin. 13. What are the banners in the May 4th New Culture Movement? democracy and science 14. What marked the beginning of the New Culture Movement? Launch of new youth magazine 15. Who is the chief warrior in the May 4th New Culture Movement? And what is the first vernacular novel in the history of modern Chinese literature? lu xun, the diary of madman 16. Who won the Nobel Prize in Literature? mo yan 17. Which opera is the “Mother of China’s operas”? kunqu opera 18. Which opera is the “national opera” of China? peking opera 19. Facial make-up plays a very important role in Peking Opera, what does a red face represent? And blue? And white? And black? ​ Red: Loyalty and bravery ​ Blue: Irritable ​ White: Cunning ​ Black: integrity, courage boldness ​ Yellow: Vicious and brutal 20. In traditional Chinese music, the Pentatonic scale consists of five notes, their Chinese names are? Gong (宫), Shang (商), Jiao (角), Zhi (徵), Yu (羽). 21. Among Traditional Chinese Musical Instruments， 丝与竹 refer to…… 丝与竹: "丝" refers to string instruments (like guqin), and "竹" refers to bamboo instruments (like flutes). CHINA’S ECONOMY 1.​ Which dynasty did Chinese industry reach its peak in? song dynasty 2.​ What is the economic form in ancient Chinese agriculture? Feudal landlord led private land ownership or self sufficient and natural economy 3.​ When was SILK exported to Europe? During the Han Dynasty (around the 2nd century BC) via the Silk Road. 4.​ When was the founding day of the People’s Republic of China? 1st oct 1949 5.​ Who is the designer of Chinese Reform and Opening-up policy? Deng xiaoping 6.​ Which year was the policy of “reform and opening-up” put forward in ? 1978 7.​ China’s internal reforms began in the countryside, from which village? xiaogang village 8.​ What was the 1st act in China’s opening to the outside world? The establishment of Special Economic Zones (SEZs), starting with Shenzhen in 1980. 9.​ Which year did China join the WTO? 2001 10.​ Which year did the Five-year Plan start from? 1953 11.​ How many successive "five-year plans" has China completed? 14 12.​ When did the government propose establishing a socialist market economic system? oct 1992 13.​ What is the “mother industry” of human beings? agriculture 14.​ How much has the total output value of the GDP that tertiary industry exceeded? 50 % 15.​ Who is “Father of Hybrid Rice”? Yuan Longping 16.​ When did China finish the “Poverty Alleviation Plan”? november 23 2020 17.​ The Chinese economy is undergoing transformation and placing greater emphasis on "___________________________"？​ Intelligent Manufacturing in China 18.​ What’s the meaning of the concept of “Clear waters and green mountains are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver”? And Who proposed it? it emphasizes that environmental sustainability is as valuable as economic prosperity, proposed by xi jinping 19.​ What is the "Western Development Strategy" ? a policy with the purpose to use the surplus economic development capacity of the eastern coastal areas to improve the economic and social development in the western region as well as consolidating china's national defense 20.​ The belt and Road is the abbreviation of ……？ silk road economic belt and 21st century maritime silk road 21.​ When did Chinese president XI Jinping propose The Belt and Road? september and october of 2013 22.​ Which bank is China’s central bank? The People's bank of china (PBOC) 23. Which dynasty is the richest one in Chinese history? Song dynasty Science & Technology Development in China 1.​ What are the Four Great Inventions in ancient China? -​ Papermaking -​ Printing (Movable Type Printing) -​ Compass -​ Gunpowder 2.​ Who improved the process of （papermaking）？Which dynasty did he live in? cai lun, Han dynasty 3.​ Who invented the Huózì Yìnshuāshù (Movable Type printing)? And in which dynasty? bi sheng, Song dynasty 4.​ During the Warring States period, Chinese created a simple compass, what is its name? si nan 5.​ In the Song dynasty, people created a proper compass, what is it called? luo pan 6.​ How did Taoist alchemists discover huǒyào? they attempted to create pills of immortality 7.​ What was huǒyào first used for in Tang dynasty? fireworks 8.​ When was huǒyào started to apply to military affairs? late years of tang dynasty 9.​ When was huǒyào introduced to the Arab regions? 13th century 10.​ Who is the inventor of the first Seismograph of the world? And what is its Chinese name? zhang heng, di dong yi 11.​ Who calculated the value of Pi to seven decimal places for the first time in the history of mathematics in the world? zu chongzhi 12.​ Who proposed “Science and technology are the primary productive forces”? deng xiaoping 13.​ Which year did China explode the first nuclear bomb? 1964 14.​ Which year did China explode the first hydrogen bomb? 1967 15.​ Which year did China launch the first Earth artificial satellite? 1970 16.​ What’s the name of The first lunar exploration satellite? 嫦娥五号 (chang'e 5) 17.​ When was the deployment of the core BDS-3 constellation system completed? 2020 18.​ What’s the name of China’s space station? And when was it completed? tian gong, 2022 19.​ Who is the “Father of Two Bombs and One Star”? quan xuesen 20.​ What’s the name of China's first Mars rover? zhu rong 21.​ Who is China's first person to fly into space? yang liwei 22.​ Who is China's first woman to fly into space? liu yang 23.​ What are the New Four Great Inventions in China? -​ High-speed rail -​ Mobile payment -​ E-commerce -​ Shared bicycles 24.​ What is the top speed that the Fuxing trains can reach? 400km/hr 25.​ In 2017, the International Astronomical Society named asteroid 11812 “11812 DongQiao”. Which university is Qiao Dong a professor from? BIT 26.​ What did the International Astronomical Union name asteroid 1997GQ27? beiligongxing (北理工星） China’s Education 1. The private schools in China started from which Educator? confucius 2. Who proposed the thought “provide education for all people without discrimination”? kong zi 3. What were the Four Great Academies in old times? yue lu, bai lu dong, song yang, ying tian fu 4. What is “ Double First-Class ”(one of key university projects)? first-class universities & first-class courses 5.What is the earliest examination system in the world and the world's longest-running talent selection system? ke jiu zhi 6. What is the Chinese name of the national college / university entrance examination? gao kao​ Chinese Festival 1.Chinese Zodiac is a 12-year cycle labeled with animals, 2024 is the year of the ? Dragon 2.When is the New Year in the Chinese lunar calendar? The 1st day 3.What does 福 mean inChinese? Luck/ fortune 4.What do people do on New Year's Eve(除夕)？ New Year’s Eve dinner 5.When is the Lantern Festival and what do Chinese people eat? the 15th day of the 1st lunar month; dumplings 6.Guessing riddles is the activity on which festival? Lantern festival 7.When is the Qingming Festival and it is a period to honour and to pay respect to whom? 3rd lunar month or around April 5th in the solar calendar; Time to remember the dead and the dearly departed 8. When is the Dragon Boat Festival and it is in commemoration of whom? the 5th day of the 5th month of the Chinese calendar; Qu Yuan 9. When is the Mid-Antumn Festival and what do family members do? 15th day of the 8th month of the Chinese lunisolar calendar; sit together to admire the moon and miss their hometown and family for the people far away from home & eat mooncakes which represent happiness for the harvest and a family reunion. 10.When is the Chinese Valentine's Day? 7th of the 7th lunar month 11.Which festival is called "Old People Festival"? The ChongYang festival