Bioscientists PDF

SCIENCE is the never-ending quest for truth…and the divine. -Ray Barrera, teacher SCIENCE is the enemy of short-term band-aid solutions. Irene Crisologo, radar meteorologist Most Filipino laymen have this tendency to cluster scientists as...

SCIENCE is the never-ending quest for truth…and the divine. -Ray Barrera, teacher SCIENCE is the enemy of short-term band-aid solutions. Irene Crisologo, radar meteorologist Most Filipino laymen have this tendency to cluster scientists as some sort of an unreachable cultural elite… Julius Sempio, scientist specializing in geoinformatics and remote sensing Science…is to always wondering about things, asking questions, and doing steps to be closer to an answer – and possibly more questions. Andreia Carrillo, astrophysicist The Government should provide adequate support for scientists to reverse brain drain… Kamela Ng, molecular epidemiologist Science…allows us to identify and protect archaeological sites that are part of our national Filipino identity. Migs Canilao, anthropologist and archaeologist  When you’re working in science, trivial things such as nationality, gender, religion, and cultural background are less important…Ideas and concepts transcend borders. Sarah Oliva, geophysicist  THE BEGINNING OF SCIENCE (600 BEFORE CHRIST ERA) “All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them.” Galileo Galilei THALES OF MELITUS - Eclipses of the sun can be predicted. - The whole world is made of water. “The most difficult thing in life is to know yourself.” HIPPARCHUS - Develops a system to predict eclipses using the cycle of movements of the Sun and Moon. “Never deceive a friend.” EMPEDOCLES - The fourfold roots of everything. - (Fire, Water, Earth, and Air) “Though we have two eyes, our vision is one.” ANAXIMENES - Everything is made from air, from which water and then stones are made. “Everything is air.” DEMOCRITUS - The world is ultimately made of atoms. “Nothing exists except atoms and empty space; everything else is opinion.” ROBERT BOYLE - Provides a definition of elements. - Proposed Boyle’s Law on gases “God would not have made the universe as it is, unless He intended us to understand it.” JOHN DALTON - Atomic Theory - Each element has atoms of different masses - Elements combine to make compounds “It’s the right idea, but not the right time.” DMITRI MENDELEEV - Proposes the periodic table of elements. “There’s no talent, neither genius without hard work.” ERATOSTHENES - Measured the circumference of Earth. - Introduced the concepts of parallels and meridians. (longitude and latitude) PYTHAGORAS - Suggests Earth may be spherical, not flat. “Silence is better than unmeaning words.” ARISTARCHUS OF SAMOS - The first to propose the Sun at the center of the known universe. - Estimated the relative sizes of the Sun and the Moon and their distances from Earth. NAZIR AL-DIN AL-TUSI - The human is related to the lower beings. - First to propose a system of evolution. “The organisms that can gain the new features faster are more viable. As a result, they gain advantages over other creatures.” ANAXIMANDER - Life began in the boundless. “Immortal and indestructible, surrounds all and directs all.” PLATO - Theory of Forms - Species are unchangeable “Courage is knowing what not to fear.” EPICURUS - Proposed that many other species have been created in the past, but only the most successful survive to have offspring. “Nothing is enough for the man to whom enough is too little.” IBN KHALDUN - Wrote that humans developed from monkeys. “Blindly following ancient customs and traditions does not mean that the dead are alive, but that the living are dead.” CHARLES DARWIN - Suggests a theory of evolution by means of natural selection. “The love for all living creatures is the most noble attribute of man.” ARCHIMEDES - Measured volume of objects - Invented the catapult - Calculated the approximation for pi - Proposed the laws of levers and pulleys “Eureka! – I have found it!” SIR ISAAC NEWTON - Theory of gravity - Laws of motion - Invented mirror-based telescopes - Light is made up of particles “No great discovery was ever made without a bold guess.” DANIEL BERNOULLI - Developed the kinetic theory of fluids and gases “Nature always tends to act in the simplest way.” ZHANG HENG - Described eclipses. - Invented the seismometer. “The Sun is like fire, the Moon is like water.” NICOLAUS COPERNICUS - Describes the heliocentric system “To know that we know what we know, and to know that we do not know what we do not know, that is true knowledge.” JOHANNES KEPLER - Explain the movements of the planets as ellipses. - Theory of the retinal image. “Science is the process of thinking God’s thoughts after Him.” ALHAZEN - Founder of the science of optics - Experiments with light “If learning the truth is the scientist’s goal, then he must make himself the enemy of all that he reads.” ROBERT GROSSETESTE - Describes the nature of color “In the beginning of time, light drew out matter along with itself into a mass as great as the fabric of the world.” SIR FRANCIS BACON - Advocated the Scientific Method based on experiment. “Knowledge is power.” PTOLEMY - Described a geocentric model of the universe “All is ephemeral – fame and the famous as well.” GALILEO GALILEI - Dedicated his work on kinematics (the science of movement) “Count what is countable, measure what is measurable, and what is not measurable, make it measurable.” WILLIAM GILBERT - Proved that the entire planet is a magnet and has a core of iron. “Man is Nature’s sole mistake.” EVANGELISTA TORRICELLI - Invented the barometer using a tube of mercury “We live submerged at the bottom of an ocean of air.” CHRISTIAAN HUYGENS - Invented clocks, pendulums - Discovered Saturn’s largest moon - Explained Saturn’s rings - Lights travels in waves “The world is my country, science is my religion.” JAMES CLERK MAXWELL - Predicted the speed of light - Concluded that light is a form of electromagnetic wave. “Anyone who thinks the sky is the limit, has limited imagination.” JAN SWAMMERDAM - Proposed that organisms develop in a series of steps - Explained metamorphosis of insects “In the anatomy of a louse, you will find miracles…and the wisdom of God.” ROBERT HOOKE - Discovered cells “The deepest discoveries show us the greatest excellencies.” ZACHARIAS JANSSEN - Developed the first compound microscope “Sometimes the very presence of God is barred by our constant desire for triumph.” ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK - Discovered microorganisms/animalcules “Man has always to be busy with his thoughts if anything is to be accomplished.” LEO SZILARD - Invented the electron microscope “Don’t lie if you don’t have to.” NICOLAS STENO - Law of Superposition of rocks “Beautiful is what we see, more beautiful is what we know, most beautiful by far is what we don’t.” CARL LINNAEUS - Published - Classifying plants and animals “If you do not know the names of things, the knowledge of them is lost, too.” ALBERT EINSTEIN - Proposed the general theory of relativity - Gravity is the warping of the space- time continuum “Everybody is a genius.” ERNST HAECKEL - Pioneered phylogenetics “Man is not above nature, but in nature.” WILLI HENNIG - Proposed the new system of classification on cladistics. JOSEPH BLACK - Discovered carbon dioxide HENRY CAVENDISH - Described accurately the nature of heat - Measured Earth’s density - “weighed the world” “Young people must break machines to learn how to use them; get another made!” RAOUL PICTET - Produced liquid oxygen – now used in rocket fuel, industry, and medicine ANTOINE LAVOISIER - Named the gas oxygen - Demonstrated the conservation of mass “Nothing is lost, nothing is created, everything is transformed.” CARL-WILHELM SCHEELE - Discovers “fire air” / oxygen “To explain new phenomena, that is my task.” PIERRE-SIMON LAPLACE - Theorized about black holes “What we know is not much. What we don’t know is enormous.” ALESSANDRO VOLTA - Discovered methane - Pioneered the invention of operated pistol - The forerunner of the telegraph - Unit of electrical potential is named after him - Invented the first battery “You must be ready to give up even the most attractive ideas when experiment shows them to be wrong.” BENJAMIN FRANKLIN - Proved that lightning is natural electricity “The doors of wisdom are never shut.” JAMES HUTTON - Proposed the theory of Earth’s age “What more can we require? Nothing but time.” ERNEST RUTHERFORD - Used radiation to date a mineral “Gentlemen, we have run out of money. It is time to start thinking.” CHRISTIAN SPRENGEL - Figured out how insects played a role in the pollination of flowering plants JOSEPH PROUST - Proposed the law of definite proportions THOMAS YOUNG - Proposed the first modern scientific theory of color vision “Vision motivates, sustains and dispels doubt.” JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON - Discovered the electron “Scientific theory is a tool and not a creed.” HUMPHRY DAVY - Discovered potassium, sodium, calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, and boron “I have learned more from my mistakes than from my successes.” MICHAEL FARADAY - Published the laws of electrolysis “Nothing is too wonderful to be true.” JEAN-BAPTISTE LAMARCK - Proposed the concept on the inheritance of acquired characteristics “The form follows the function.” GREGOR MENDEL - Father of genetics - Laws of genetics