General Biology 2 Review Materials PDF

Review Materials General Biology 2 What does the term vector refers to in recombinant DNA technology? a plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living cell. Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology involves using enzymes and various laboratory techniques to manipulate and isolate DNA segments of inter...

Review Materials General Biology 2 What does the term vector refers to in recombinant DNA technology? a plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living cell. Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology involves using enzymes and various laboratory techniques to manipulate and isolate DNA segments of interest. What is the most important discovery that leads to the development of rDNA technology? Discovery of restriction enzymes Courtship displays are a form of communication, enabling birds to signal their willingness to mate. What is most often associated with the elaborate courtship rituals conducted by many birds? species recognition If you were using cladistics to build a phylogenetic tree of cats, which of the following would be the best outgroup? domestic cat, lion, tiger, wolf The statement that represents the best explanation for the observation that the nuclear DNA of wolves and domestic dogs has a very high degree of homology is that Dogs and wolves shared a common ancestor very recently. The genitalia of the male damselfly vary in shape. Certain males can only hold onto & mate with females whose genitalia fit. This reproductive barrier is mechanical isolation Homologous structures are similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions. The best examples of homologous structures is bat wing and human hand Darwin analogized the effects of evolution as the above-ground portion of a many-branched tree, with extant species being the tips of the twigs. The common ancestor of two species is most analogous to which anatomical tree part? the trunk a twig that branches with time a node where two twigs diverge a single twig that gets longer with time The correct representation of the binomial scientific name for the African lion is Panthera leo The lava released by a volcanic eruption separates two populations of a species of monkey. This example represents geographic isolation Charles Darwin's primary concern about the validity of his published ideas on evolution and natural selection is The lack of evidence about the mechanism by which adaptations are passed between generations. When a zebra and horse mate, they create a zorse. Zorses are most often sterile. This is an example of hybrid sterility Vestigial organs are rudimentary anatomical structures that are retained in a species despite having lost their primary ancestral function. An example of vestigial organ of human is? nails The pollen (sperm) of a flowering plant cannot fertilize the egg cell of a nearby flowering plant of its kind. This type of reproductive barrier is gametic isolation Industrial melanism is an evolutionary effect prominent in several arthropods, where dark pigmentation has evolved in an environment affected by industrial pollution, including Sulphur dioxide (SO2) gas and dark soot deposits. This phenomenon demonstrate Natural Selection Fireflies find mates using distinct patterns of flashing. This represents? behavioral isolation In the theory of natural selection, organisms produce more offspring than are able to survive in their environment. Those that are better physically equipped to survive, grow to maturity, and reproduce. The principles below is NOT part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection. Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation. Read the following newspaper article and answer the next. What kinds of diseases can people be vaccinated against? Diseases that are caused by viruses, like polio. If animals or humans become sick with an infectious bacterial disease and then recover, the type of bacteria that caused the disease does not usually make them sick again. What is the reason for this? The body has made antibodies that kill this type of bacteria before they multiply. Gray wolves and coyotes are similar species but do not mate because their breeding periods occur at different times of the year. What does this represent? temporal isolation Read the following article and answer the questions that follow. Most horses today are streamlined and can run fast. Scientists have found the fossil skeletons of animals that are similar to horses. They consider them to be the ancestors of the present-day horse. The scientists have also been able to determine the period during which the fossil species were living. The table on the right provides information on three of these fossils and on the present-day horse. Read the following article and answer the questions that follow. What information in the table is strong evidence that present-day horses may have evolved over time from the other three animals? The leg skeletons are much the same but have gradually changed. Which one of the following statements best applies to the scientific theory of evolution? Evolution is a scientific theory that is currently based on extensive evidence.