BELBIS Reviewer SOC101 PDF

WEEK 7 Telegraph (1837) - Invented by Professor Samuel MEDIA Morse- New York University - Comes from the word professor. He developed “medium”...

WEEK 7 Telegraph (1837) - Invented by Professor Samuel MEDIA Morse- New York University - Comes from the word professor. He developed “medium” Morse Code (a set of sounds that corresponded to - Refer to a channel, means, or particular letters of the method, is where the name alphabet. "media" originates. Telephone(1876) - A vehicle or means of - Invented by Alexander communication that Graham Bell, March 10, 1876. disseminates information from the source to the target public. Television (1926) - Invented by John Logie Baird, Marshall McLuhan January 1926. - Father of the new media Global Media Johannes Gutenberg's - Is the universal integration of - Created the first media media through the multicultural exchange of 3 Different Forms of Media: ideas. Includes all forms of mass communication that 1. Print Media reach every corner across the - Refers to all forms of physical, globe. printed, paper publications. Global village 2. Broadcast Media - Was first used in 1964 by - Is to air a program, especially media and communication on TV or radio. It also means theorist Marshall McLuhan. to tell people about something. Internet - Is referred to as our global 3. Digital Media village in the twenty-first - Also known as “NEW MEDIA”. century - Is digitized content that can be transmitted over the internet or computer networks. Global Culture: Global Culture Production - Is the transmission, DYNAMIC integration, and sharing of - A continuous process of culture on a global cycle productive activity which leads which is doable with the help to a change. of information technology. LOCAL Cultural Differentialism - Relates to anything that - Emphasizes the fact that comes from a city, town, or culture are essentially small sector different and are only superficially affected by global GLOBAL flows. - Pertains to something that - Most famous supporter of this involves. theory is SAMUEL - The entire world or on a HUNTINGTON. worldwide scale. Cultural Hybridization CULTURE - The process by which a - Ways how a society lives cultural element blends into which includes art, beliefs, another culture by modifying norms, characteristic features, the element to fit cultural and values that are passed norms. The blending of two or from generation to generation. more distinct cultures, creating a new, unique 3 Perspective on Global Cultural cultural identity. Flows: Cultural Convergence - Cultural Differentialism - Is when two or more cultures influence each other and - Cultural Hybridization become similar with increased contact. approach stresses - Cultural Convergence homogeneity introduced by globalization. It is when Local Culture Production cultures are subject to many - Is a term for establishing of the same global flows and standards, norms, and simply tends to grow more alike. the way of life of a society. Deterritorialization Political Religion Globalization - Means that it is much more - Forums that integrate cultural, difficult to tie culture to a ethnic, and religious specific geographic point of differences—ideologies that origin. were once perceived as dividing the world. WEEK 8 Economic Religion Globalization Religion - Major countries of the world - Comes from the Latin word have grown, the primary “religare” Is a collection of religions of each of those cultural systems, beliefs countries have also grown systems, and world views that financially, providing more establishes symbols that financial resources for relate humanity to spirituality religions to spread their and to moral values. System beliefs. of beliefs and practices. Religion globalization Most known religion in the world: - As a process of realignment in this global religious situation 1. Christianity World's Religion Christianity 2. Islam - Most widely practiced religion in the world with 2 million 3. Hiduism followers. Abrahamic monotheistic religion based 4. Buddhism on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth 5. Juhism Bible PLURALISM - The sacred scriptures of - A society where multiple Christians comprising the Old people, groups or entities Testament and the New share political power Testament GOLDEN RULE World's Religion ISLAM: - “what you do not wish done to Quran yourself, do not do to others.”  - A religious text considered by physical labor, and good Muslims to be the direct word behavior are the ways to of the God of Abraham as it achieve enlightenment. - Was revealed to Muhammad the main and final Islamic World's Religion HINDUISM prophet Indian Religion Ramadan - Set of religious beliefs or - One of the most sacred days practices, religious tradition, for Muslims is Ramadan, and Dharma, a religious and which falls during the ninth universal order by which month of the Islamic followers abide. Calendar. Beliefs Muhammed - Life-death-reincarnation - Muslims believe that Muhammad is the last and Karma final messenger and prophet - Universal Law of cause and of God who began receiving effect. direct verbal revelations in 610 CE Dharma - Religion, virtue, duty, and Islam morality - Is the second largest religion in the world after Christianity, - 900 million followers, making with about 1.8 billion Muslims Hinduism the third largest worldwide. religion behind Christianity and Islam World's Religion BUDDHISM - Is one of the world'slargest WEEK 9 religions and originated 2,500 years ago in India about 470 Global City million followers - The global city serve as a hub for production, finance, and Siddhartha Gautama telecommunications. - Also known as “The Buddha” Sociologist Saskia Sassen Nirvana - Initially identified three Global - Human life is one of suffering Cities; New York, London, and and meditation, spiritual and  Tokyo, all of these are hubs of Economic Competitiveness global finance and capitalism. - Criteria in market size, purchasing power of citizens, - According to the 2018 Global size of the middle class, and Cities Index, New York ranked potential for growth. the highest in terms of the general criteria i.e business Center of Authority activity, human capital, - State of power. information exchange, cultural experience, and political Center of Political Influence engagement. - Powerful political hubs exert influence on their own - New York is followed by countries as well on London, Paris, Tokyo, and international affairs. Hong Kong. GLOBAL CITY CHALLENGES: WHAT IS GLOBAL CITY? Environmental Threats - Environmental hazards are - Global city is an urban center becoming more severe as a that enjoys significant result of rapid urbanization, competitive advantages and risk from tropical cyclones, that serves as a hub within a flooding, heat waves, and globalized economic system. epidemics. - New York, London and Tokyo. (Claudio and Abinales, 2018). Resources - Resources like food, water, HOW TO DETERMINE A and electricity are necessary GLOBALITY? for cities to function. - According to Singh (n.d.), there are six indicators of Inequality Global City: - Uneven in terms of the availability of basic resources Economic Power and resistance against - Determines which cities are environmental challenges. global. Technology Economic Opportunities - Increasingly used in the - Make it attractive to talents development and running of from across the world. global cities. Governance GLOBALIZATION - Cities will increase in size and their populations become - Means the speedup of more diverse. movements and exchanges of - SONY HQ AT TOKYO JAPAN human beings, goods, and services, capital, technologies or cultural practices all over WEEK 10 the planet. - One of the effects of DEMOGRAPHY globalization is that it promotes and increases - Is the statistical study of interactions between different human populations. regions and populations - It examines the size, around the globe. structure, and movements of populations over space and POPULATION time. - Useful for governments and - The whole number of people private businesses as a or inhabitants in a country or means of analyzing and region. predicting social, cultural, and The Demographic Transition economic trends related to Model (DTM) population. - Also discuss the statistics - Is based on historical such as births, deaths, population trends of two income, or the incidence of demographic characteristics - disease birth rate and death rate. GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY Week 11 - Studies individuals from all Global Migration over the world. - Its gives the broad picture of - Developed countries are the total human population countries that haw - It offers information on human progressive economies and society as a whole in the past, advanced technological present, and future infrastructures - These are the number of - Developing countries are births and deaths per 1,000 low-income countries with people less developed industrial bases. Migration 2. Immigrant The movement of people from - Person who is entering a one place to another. country from another to make a new home. Types of Migration 3. Refugee / Asylum International Migration Seekers - It is the movement of one - Person who has moved country to another. to a new country because of a problem Internal Migration in their former home. - Is any movement from one 4. Vagabonds place to another in same country. - Person who moves because they find the Emigration world within their (local) - Means to leave country to live reach unbearably in another. inhospitable and they - Think of it as to exit. have no other bearable choice Immigration 5. Tourists - Immigrate is to come into another - Person who move because country to live permanently. they find the world within their - Think of it as to come in. (global) reach irresistibly attractive and because they Migrant want to. - The word migrant refers to Push and Pull Factors of those who move to other Migration places in search of work or better living conditions. Push Factor: 1. Emmigrant - Lack of services - Person who is leaving one - Low employment country to live in another. - Lack of safety - High crime - Crop Failure - Drought  - Poverty Pull Factor: - Better Services - Higher employment - Safe society - Less Crime - Fertile land - Lower risk of natural hazard - More wealth Advantages and Disadvantages of Migration Advantages: - Increased economic opportunities - Job vacancies can be filled - Favourable economic and cultural impact - Developing countries benefit from remittances - Migrants bring back skills, contacts and other useful tools Disadvantages: - Negative effect on children - Migrants takes time to adapt to a new environment - Depression of wages - Companies may neglect employee benefit program - Strain on public services - Displacement of jobs