Psychological Statistics - Wesleyan University PDF

Wesleyan University - Philippines Psychological Statistics INSTRUCTOR: DANA SOLIVEN  Today's Agenda VARIABLES AND MEASUREMENT CLASSIFICATION OF VARIABLES SCALES/LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT  IDENTIFY VARIABLES IN A Learning RESEARCH AND CLASSIFY THEM Objectives ACCORDING TO TH...

Wesleyan University - Philippines Psychological Statistics INSTRUCTOR: DANA SOLIVEN  Today's Agenda VARIABLES AND MEASUREMENT CLASSIFICATION OF VARIABLES SCALES/LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT  IDENTIFY VARIABLES IN A Learning RESEARCH AND CLASSIFY THEM Objectives ACCORDING TO THEIR MEASUREMENT  MEASUREMENT DETERMINING A VALUE OF A DIMENSION VARIABLE CONTAIN A VALUE OR DESCRIPTION  Classification of Variables A. ACCORDING TO B. ACCORDING TO C. ACCORDING TO ASSIGNED VALUE CONTINUITY OF FUNCTIONAL VALUES RELATIONSHIP Qualitative Quantitative Continuous Independent Discrete Dependent  Classification of Variables A. ACCORDING TO ASSIGNED VALUE Qualitative - values assigned as labels or categories ex: sexual orientation, body type, place in a race Quantitative - measurable numerical values ex: student population, height  Classification of Variables B. ACCORDING TO CONTINUITY OF VALUES Continuous - values that can be measured, values may include decimals ex: volume, length, time Discrete - values that can be counted, do not have decimals ex: number of children in a family, number of schools in a district  Classification of Variables C. ACCORDING TO FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP Independent - Predictor Variable, the causing factor Dependent - Criterion Variable, the affected factor ex: Stress is dependent on the level of Cortisol in the body. Cortisol Level is the Independent variable Stress is the dependent variable  SCALES OF MEASUREMENT Properties of Scales Magnitude Equal Intervals - the property of "moreness" - when the difference between two points - when we can say that a particular in the scale has the same meaning as the measure of the attribute represents more, difference of two other points in the same less or equal to another measure in the scale scale Absolute Zero - an absolute zero is obtained when a complete lack (nothing) of the property being measured exists  SCALES OF MEASUREMENT Type of scale Magnitude Equal Intervals Absolute Zero Nominal No No No Ordinal Yes No No Interval Yes Yes No Ratio Yes Yes Yes  Scales of Measurement Nominal - measures categorical data, concepts classifiable according to similarities ex: gender, race, socioeconomic status Ordinal - measures qualitative data that may be ranked or arranged in a sequence or order ex: birth order, academic rank, shirt size Interval - measures quantitative data with equal magnitude or distance among values ex: temperature, age Ratio - measures quantitative data that also has an equal interval among values but also has an absolute zero value ex: weight, height, income,  SCALES OF MEASUREMENT Nominal Ordinal - classifying based on distinct categories - involve classification AND rank ordering ex: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of ex: Likert scales Mental Disorders (DSM) Interval Ratio - measures quantitative data with equal - measures quantitative data that also has magnitude or distance among values an equal interval among values ex: temperature, age but also has an absolute zero value ex: weight, height, income, Levels of Measurement NO I R Try and Learn Identify the level of measurement in each example 1. Score on a 100-point exam 2. Sequence of arrival at the finish line 3. Intelligence score in an IQ test 4. Hair Color of students 5. MBTI personality type References Cohen, R. J., & Swerdlik, M. E. (2017). Psychological testing and assessment (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. Howell, D. C. (2010). Statistical methods for psychology. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. Howitt, D., & Cramer, D. (2011). Introduction to statistics in psychology. Harlow, England: Pearson.