Baroque and Rococo Architecture PDF

BAROQUE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2 BAROQUE A means to counter Protestant Reformation 16th century - 18th century Started in Rome, Italy Highly decorative style Influenced by Renaissance architecture with theatrical ornaments and design. Excessive ornamentation of art, clothes arc...

BAROQUE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2 BAROQUE A means to counter Protestant Reformation 16th century - 18th century Started in Rome, Italy Highly decorative style Influenced by Renaissance architecture with theatrical ornaments and design. Excessive ornamentation of art, clothes architecture and music. BAROQUE CHARACTERISTICS Grandeur, drama, contrast (lighting) Curvaceousness Dizzying array of rich surface treatments Twisting elements Gilded Statuary Application of bright colors and illusory, vividly painted ceilings BAROQUE Reaction to the “Artificiality” of Mannerism; An attempt to impress & make art more natural / Life-like / Sensual Robust Proportions; Rich Colors; Variegated use of Marbles; saw Architectural Painting, Sculpture, & Arts as a unified whole  Gian Lorenzo Bernini Carlo Maderno BAROQUE PROMINENT NAMES Gian Lorenzo Bernini Carlo Maderno Francesco Borromini Francesco Borromini Guarino Guarini Guarino Guarini Giacoma Della Porta Giacoma Della Porta BAROQUE In Italy, the Baroque style is reflected in opulent and dramatic churches with irregular shapes and extravagant ornamentation. Cartouche Elements of the elaborate Baroque style are found throughout Europe. Stucco Work BAROQUE 3 PHASES OF BAROQUE STYLE Early Baroque (1584 – 1625) High Baroque (1625 – 1675) Late Baroque (1675 – 1750) EARLY BAROQUE CHURCH OF GESU By Giacoma Della Porta st 1 truly Baroque façade Mother church of the Society of Jesuits EARLY BAROQUE ST. PETERS BASILICA By Carlo Maderno AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 EARLY BAROQUE SANTA SUSANA, Rome Oldest tittles in the City of Rome By Carlo Maderno Façade in travertine AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 HIGH BAROQUE CHURCH OF SANTI LUCA e MARTINA, Rome Dedicated to st. martina Plan is almost a Greek cross By Francisco Borromini  AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 HIGH BAROQUE SAN CARLO ALLE QUATTRO FONTANE (San Carlino) - By: Francesco Borromini (1st independent commission) - Plan is in irregular shape in Greek cross, defined by convex curves - Concave, convex façade AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 HIGH BAROQUE  AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 HIGH BAROQUE PIAZZA SAN PIETRO COLONNADE OF ST. PETERS Gian Lorenzo Bernini The two porticos have a total of 284 columns, 4 rows deep, crowned with 140 statues Originally square shaped LATE BAROQUE Hall of Mirrors (Galerie des Glaces) - Inside the Palace of Versailles - By Louis Le Vau - A grand Baroque Style gallery and one of the most emblematic rooms in the Palace LATE BAROQUE Dome of Les Envalides BAROQUE FREESTANDING BELL TOWER Feature; Style Reached PH; “Represents Power of the Church Paoay church The Saint Augustine Church BAROQUE renaissance Architecture of the CURVED LINE; Twisted Columns; Curve & Broken Pediment; Opulent & Dramatic Churches Symmetry of Forms; Explorations of Form, Light & Shadow & Dramatic Intensity  The Trevi Fountain BAROQUE renaissance (Rome) - Largest fountain in Rome - Most exquisite baroque Structures worldwide - A harmonious blend of sculpture and water - A Late baroque style BAROQUE renaissance Baldachin at St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City, by Gian Lorenzo Bernini  SPANISH BAROQUE CHURRIGUERESQUE Spanish baroque style of elaborate sculptural architectural ornament Emerged as a manner of stucco decoration in Spain Marked by extreme, expressive and florid decorative detailing above the entrance of the main façade Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, Spain BAROQUE renaissance MIAGAO CHURCH, Iloilo, PH Year 1786; Statue on top of a Scroll; Baroque Fortress Church Also called, STO. TOMAS DE VILANUEVA PARISH CHURCH; UNESCO World Heritage Site ROCOCO HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2 rococo BAROCO; Final Phase of Baroque; ASSYMETRY of Forms; more elaborate version of Baroque Architecture. Baroque artists gave up their symmetry and became increasingly ornate, florid, and playful rococo CHARACTERISTICS Baroque artists gave up their symmetry and became increasingly ornate, florid, and playful rococo Salon de la Princesse Hôtel de Soubise (Paris, France) Interior rococo Profusion and confusion of detail, presenting a lavish display of decoration Time Unveiling Truth (Detail), 1733, by Soft Pastel Colors Jean-François de Troy. Lightness, Swirling forms, Flowing Lines, Ornate Stucco Work, & Arabesque Ornament; scrolls & shells Inside Wieskirche, the Bavarian Church by Dominikus Zimmermann AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 rococo FRENCH ROCAILLE – Stone & Coquilles/ Shells; Lighter Proportions & Colors; White w/ Gold Trim; French in Origin AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 rococo SANT’AGNESE, Rome, Italy By: Francesco Borromini CATHERINE PALACE, St. Church of Sant'Agnese in Agone Francesco Borromini Petersburg, Russia – Summer Residence of the Russian Tsars CATHERINE PALACE, St. Petersburg, Russia AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 FRENCH RENAISSANCE Mix of GOTHIC & CLASSICAL Details; Square Head windows; Steep Roofs CHATEAU – A large French country house or castle AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 FRENCH RENAISSANCE CHATEAU DE CHENONCEAUX Both a Palace and a Bridge AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 FRENCH RENAISSANCE CHATEAU DE BLOIS Famous for its Staircase AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 FRENCH RENAISSANCE CHATEAU DE BLOIS  AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 ENGLISH RENAISSANCE ENGLISH RENAISSANCE Large windows; Ornate Facades; Stronger use of Classical details ELIZABETHAN PERIOD Oriel & Bay window; Topiary Hall ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL Model for the U.S. Capitol Dome Architect SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN Topiary Hall ELIZABETHAN PERIOD, Levens Hall  AR 3151 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 3 SPANISH RENAISSANCE SPANISH RENAISSANCE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA Romanesque Church added w/ a Spanish Baroque Facade PLATERESQUE – Earlier Period (Silverwork) CHURRIUERRESQUE– Later Period REVIVALISM HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2  REVIVALIST ARCHITECTURE ( 18th & 19th Century ) NEOCLASSICISM Revival of Classical AR; GREEK & ROMAN Orders as Decorative Motifs; Style of US Government Buildings Simple, strongly geometric composition; shallow reliefs on facades “Temple–Like” as ideal form Style was influenced by Vitruvian Principles & Works of Andrea Palladio US CAPITOL BUILDING / CAPITOL HILL, Washington D.C.MONTICELLO, Thomas Jefferson Neoclassical Style w/ Native American Materials Statue of Freedom atop the Capitol dome PARIS OPERA HOUSE By: CHARLES GARNIER Palais Garnier COLONIAL STYLE– the Renaissance movement reached the easier colonies through the GEORGIAN STYLE by the way of England; Simple, Symmetrical AR; Combined Refined Delicate Mouldings With Slender, Graceful Columns GREEK REVIVAL Remained the accepted Style of Churches in the U.S. into the 20th Cen Greek Forms & Details – Pleasing to Eye but Illogical in Function; only an AR of Facade Arrangements Pedimented Gable; Symmetrical Shape; Heavy Cornice; Wide, Plain Frieze; Bold, Simple Moldings GOTHIC REVIVAL People began to tire the Greek style formality, thus they turned into the informality of Gothic Style Adaptation. Was not successful in capturing the spirit of the style which resulted to hard and cold structures which also lacked flexible quality of St. Patrick's Cathedral (Midtown Manhattan) European buildings STRAWBERRY HILL By: HORACE WALPOLE HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT, London Rebuilt By: CHARLES BARRY & AUSUSTUS WELBY NORTHMORE PUGIN VICTORIAN STYLE 70’s & 80’s Brought romance through the medium of architecture & interior decoration. Beauty with meaningless turrets, gables & jigsaw “Painted Ladies of San Francisco", otherwise known as “Postcard Row" or the “Seven Sisters", ornaments & resulted with no structural Row of colorful Victorian houses located at 710–720 Steiner Street, across from Alamo Square. sense. VICTORIAN STYLE Was exemplified by the so-called “EASTLAKE STYLE” & THE VICTORIAN GOTHIC TUDOR REVIVAL Simple, Rustic & the less impressive aspects of Tudor AR, imitating medieval cottages or country houses. More Modest Characteristics; Gave Tudor Revival Its More Striking Effects  Steeply Pitched Roofs; High Chimneys, Jettied (Overhanging); Often Thatched Roofs Half-Timbering Often Infilled With Herringbone Brickwork First Floors Above Pillared Porches Tall Mullioned Windows or Dormer Windows Supported By Consoles ROMANESQUE REVIVAL RICHARDSONIAN ROMANESQUE Bold & Massive Details; Features More Simplified Arches & Windows than their historic counterparts Style was popularized by Henry Hobson Richardson; Richardson is one of "the recognized Trinity of American Architecture" RENAISSANCE REVIVAL NEO-RENAISSANCE AR Neo-Renaissance style was in reality an eclectic blending of past styles Due of its diversity Great Staircases Of CHATEAUX OF BLOIS & CHAMBORD– Most widely copied feature of Renaissance AR CITY BEAUTIFUL MOVEMENT Urban planning by DANIEL BURNHAM Characterized by Monumentally-Placed Buildings,Grand Promenades, Spacious Plazas,& Classical Sculpture MCMILLAN PLAN – Comprehensive plan of Washington DC’s Monumental Core & Park System Has National Mall; Lincoln Memorial; Washington Monument ; & US Capitol