SIT Internal SEM4607 Systems Engineering Fundamentals (AY 2024/25 TRI 2) PDF

SIT Internal SEM4607 System Integration, Verification & Validation Topic 02: Systems Engineering Process Fundamentals AY 2024/25 TRI 2 Assoc Pro...

SIT Internal SEM4607 System Integration, Verification & Validation Topic 02: Systems Engineering Process Fundamentals AY 2024/25 TRI 2 Assoc Prof Ng Bor Kiat [email protected] 1  SIT Internal Learning Activities SEM4607 Systems Integration, Verification & Validation: AY 2024-25 TRI 2 Lecture Tutorial Week (Monday 9‐12pm, (Thursday 9‐11am, Lecture Tutorial Assessment Due LT2C) SR3M) 1 06.01.2025 09.01.2025 Topic 1 Topic 1 2 13.01.2025 16.01.2025 Topic 02 Project Activity 3 20.01.2025 23.01.2025 Topic 02 Project Activity 4 27.01.2025 30.01.2025 Topic 03 - PH – No Class 5 03.02.2025 05.02.2025 Topic 03 / Project Activity (Wed 2pm to 4pm) Recap Make-Up Class 06.02.2025 Project Activity Quiz #1 6 10.02.2025 13.02.2025 Topic 04 Project Activity 7 Term Break (17.02.2025 to 23.02.2025) 8 24.02.2025 27.02.2025 Topic 04 Project Status Update Submit Assignment #1 Presentation 9 03.03.2025 06.04.2025 Topic 04 Project Activity 10 10.03.2025 13.03.2025 Topic 04 Project Activity 11 17.03.2025 20.03.2025 Topic 05: Guest Guest 01: Case Study Review 01 12 24.03.2025 27.03.2025 Topic 05:Guest Guest 02: Case Study Review Submit Assignment #2 02 13 31.03.2025 02.04.2025 - Case Study Review 7 PH - No Class (Wed 2pm to 4pm) Make-Up Class 03.04.2025 - Module Debrief 14 07.04.2025 Exam Week Submit Assignment #3 2  SIT Internal Systems Integration, Verification and Validation Module Outline Topic #1 1. Systems Engineering Overview Topic #2 Topic #5 2. Systems Engineering Process 5. Industry Application Sharing Fundamentals Topic #4 Requirements 4. Verification & Validation Architecture Topic #3 3. Systems Integration Specifications V‐Model System Development Process 3  SIT Internal SEM 4607 Contents Topic Contents 1 Systems Engineering Overview 2 Systems Engineering Process Fundamentals 3 Systems Implementation & Integration 4 Systems Verification & Validation 5 Industry Applications Sharing 4  SIT Internal Topic #1 Systems Engineering Overview / Background ▪ Engineered Systems & Goals of Engineering Process ▪ Systems Thinking Systems Engineering Activities ▪ Practice of Systems Engineering ▪ Systems Life Cycle Processes ▪ Systems Life Cycle Stages ▪ Systems Life Cycle Approach ▪ Tailoring Process 5  SIT Internal Outline: Topic #2 Systems Engineering Technical Process Requirement Statement Systems Design / Architecture Requirement Allocation Requirement Traceability 6  SIT Internal Basics 1. What is the difference between needs and requirements ? : Needs: Desired of a system. Requirement Statements Requirements: Formal structured statements that can be verified and validated. 2. Why good requirement statement is important: 1. Allow communication to coordinate to different parties / stakeholders on what system needs. 2. Provide expectation of what is required from the project. 3. Drive system solution with desired capabilities within the bounds of performance. Expectation Communication & Capabilities 7  SIT Internal Needs to Requirements Needs Stakeholder Needs Stakeholder Requirements Specifications (StRS) Requirements System Requirements Specifications (Source: Fig 4.1 INCOSE SEH) (SyRS) 8  SIT Internal System Requirements Functional requirements Usability requirements Performance requirements System Interface System Operation System Modes and States Environmental Conditions System Security Information management Policies and regulations System life cycle sustainment Packaging, handling, shipping and transportation 9  SIT Internal Requirements Statement Ask yourself: 1. What systems or Use Case outcome is to be accomplished ? 2. What capabilities are required to accomplish the outcome ? 3. How well should each capability be performed ? 4. Under what operating conditions & scenarios should each capability survive before, during and after exposure ? 5. How should each capability requirement statement be verified ? 10  SIT Internal SIT Internal Requirements Statement Every requirement statement requires: 1. A subject for the source of action. 2. “shall” to express a mandatory action for compliance. 3. An action‐based verb 4. Capability performance‐based outcome to be accomplished 5. Level of performance 6. Condition‐based action* * If required  SIT Internal Requirements Analysis : System-of-Interest Problem Requirement analysis and derivation to break down to lower level (child) requirements. When to Stop ? How many requirements are essential ? Over‐specifying Under‐specifying What are the problem of over or under specifying requirements 12  SIT Internal SIT Internal Systems-of-Systems  SIT Internal SIT Internal Systems Interactions t Interactions with Enabling Systems and its Operational Environment Source: Systems Engineering Handbook INCOSE –TP-2003-002-04 (2015)  SIT Internal IV&V in System Definition Phase Requirements of the system are elaborated as completely and precisely as possible in terms of system, hardware and software requirements. → System requirements / Specifications Project should produce a set of system requirements that are complete, clear and consistent → Guide IV&V Planning, defining forward‐looking VVT‐related concepts and goals. → Defining the overall VVT framework in general terms that support the emerging system architecture. Example: System requirements mandate built‐in test capabilities, the VVT philosophy could emphasize intrinsic self‐ instrumentation capabilities within components in order to reduce the need for developing intrusive and expensive instrumentation. 17  SIT Internal IV&V in System Design Phase Technical concept of the system, the principles and the underlying system architecture for the implementation of the system are determined during the system design phase. The total complex system is divided into manageable subsystems and components and the functions of the individual elements as well as their interrelations are described. As requirements get refined and assigned into subsystems and components, IV&V will now have a more concrete structure against which to direct specific test strategies. General technical performance measurement will become allocated and apportioned to sub‐systems and components. The resulting greater specificity allows VVT planning efforts to be directed toward the implementation phase and integration phase needs. 16  SIT Internal Summary: V‐Model Focus on the left hand‐side on the System Design Process Clear requirement statement is important as it needs to be verified. System requirement is decomposed into child requirement and allocated to different abstraction level based on the designed system architecture. [Source: RTB#3] Important of system architecture as it forms the main central pillar for system design, requirement allocation and traceability. 17  SIT Internal Johor Bahru–Singapore Rapid Transit System (RTS) 2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor_Bahru%E2%80%93Singapore_Rapid_Transit_System  SIT Internal SIT Internal RTS IV&V and Testing 19  SIT Internal Objective of INCOSE (International Council on Systems Engineering) Handbook. SYSTEMS ENGINEERING HANDBOOK SEH: A GUIDE FOR SYSTEM LIFE CYCLE PROCESSES AND ACTIVITIES To describe key process activities performed by Systems Engineers. Descriptions in SEH: Show what each SE process activity entails in the context of designing for required performance and life cycle considerations. FOUR T H E D I T I O N  SIT Internal INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook (SEH) Chapter 1. Systems Engineering Handbook Scope 2. Systems Engineering Overview 3. Generic Life Cycle Stages 4. Technical processes 5. Technical Management Processes 6. Agreement Processes 7. Organisational Project-enabling Processes 8. Tailoring Process and Application of Systems Engineering 9. Cross-cutting Systems Engineering Methods 10. Specialty Engineering Activities  SIT Internal ISO/IEEE 15288 Systems Life Cycle Process 1 2 3 Four process group to support SE ▪ Systems Life Cycle Management Process [Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263786313001385] ▪ Project Process ▪ Technical Process 4 ▪ Agreement Process [Source: The system life cycle processes Source: ISO/IEC 15288]]  SIT Internal Systems Life Cycle Stages: ISO/IEC 15288 Five stages used in the ISO/IEC 15288: 1. Concept IV&V ? 2. Development 3. Production 4. Utilization 5. Support 6. Retirement Need to understand the purpose for each of these stages and its link to the IV&V activities and processes. 23  SIT Internal Systems Engineering Handbook Chapter 1. Systems Engineering Handbook Scope 2. Systems Engineering Overview 3. Generic Life Cycle Stages 4. Technical Processes 5. Technical Management Processes 6. Agreement processes 7. Organisational Project-enabling Processes 8. Tailoring Process and Application of Systems Engineering 9. Cross-cutting Systems Engineering Methods 10. Specialty Engineering Activities SIT Internal  SIT Internal SEHB Chapter 4 - TechnicalProcesses  SIT Internal Contents Technical Processes and Supporting Activities Needs and Requirements Summary of Technical Processes SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal System-of-Interest Hierarchy within a System Source: Systems Engineering Handbook INCOSE –TP-2003- 002-04 (2015) SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Contents SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal (Stakeholder Needs & Requirements Definition) Description (2) SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Developing the Life Cycle Concepts (5) SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Technical Processes SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Description (3) (Systems Requirements Definition) SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Technical processes SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Description (1) (Architecture Definition) SIT Internal  SIT Internal Description (3) (Architecture Definition) SIT Internal  SIT Internal Description (5) (Architecture Definition) SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Technical processes SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Description (1) (Design Definition)  SIT Internal Description (3) (Design Definition) design concerns every system element (e.g., composed of implementation technologies such as mechanics, electronics, software, chemistry, human operations, and services) for which specific engineering processes are needed the Design Definition process provides the detailed data and information that enable the implementation of a particular system element this process provides feedback to the parent system architecture to consolidate or confirm the allocation and partitioning of architectural entities to system elements SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Technical processes SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal Description (1) (System Analysis) SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal (System Analysis) Description (4) SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal SIT Internal  SIT Internal QUESTIONS? 2 2 7