Chapter 9 & 10 Notes (Climate Change) PDF
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These notes discuss various aspects of climate change, such as evidence of rising temperatures, melting glaciers, and rising sea levels. They cover anthropogenic greenhouse gas effects, climate models, and impacts on agriculture, ecosystems, and other global areas.
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## Evidence of Climate Change * **Is known a few examples (3-4):** * Melting * Thermal Expansion * ↑ sea level * etc ## Activity (omit) ## Activity (omit) ## Anthropogenic GHE * **↳ Human effect on GHE:** * CO<sub>2</sub>, methane, N<sub>2</sub>O * **↳ Feedback Loops: CO<sub>2<...
## Evidence of Climate Change * **Is known a few examples (3-4):** * Melting * Thermal Expansion * ↑ sea level * etc ## Activity (omit) ## Activity (omit) ## Anthropogenic GHE * **↳ Human effect on GHE:** * CO<sub>2</sub>, methane, N<sub>2</sub>O * **↳ Feedback Loops: CO<sub>2</sub>** * CO<sub>2</sub> → Temp.↑ ## Climate Models * **↳ Models wat 100% perfect and constantly changing:** * ↳ Humans "waiting" will make it difficult to reach goals. ## Impacts of Climate (Ontario) * **↳ know a few examples:** * ↑ sea level. * ↑ crops. * ↑ Ecosystems (biodiversity) * ↑ pests/diseases. * ↑ electricity ## Action * **"a few things you can do"** ## Evidence of Climate Change 1. **Rising Temperature** * Earth's avg. Temp ↑ each year. 2. **Melting Glaciers/Ice Sheets/Sea Ice** * Glaciers melting add water to oceans. * No longer drinkable. * Ice sheets melt each year. * Effects of Albedo & melting. * Sea ice melting only ↑ sea level if outside of sea. 3. **Rising Sea Levels:** * Glaciers/Ice sheets melt, adding volume to Oceans/lakes. * Thermal Expansion: warm objects expand when heated. 4. **Severe Weather** * More severe weather (storms) happening than before. * Stronger AND more frequent. ## Changes to Rain/Snow Patterns * **↳ more/less rain/snow.** * **↳ Is certain areas getting more dry/wet areas/times.** ## Changing Seasons * **↳ Sometimes getting longer/shorter growing seasons? skiing? etc.** ## Change to Ecosystems * **↳ Plants can't survive or able to survive in new places.** * **↳ Alters which pests can survive in an area.** ## GHG - Changing Climate * **- can no longer grow ble to dry/wet** ## Anthropogenic Effect - due to human activity ## GHG Due to Humans * **CO<sub>2</sub>** - Burning fossil fuels (Coal, gasoline, etc.) * Clear-cutting forests * Is less photosynthesis, so less CO<sub>2</sub> * **CH<sub>4</sub>** - Cattle farming (beef) farts/burps of cattle * Decomposing matter (landfills) has a lot of bacteria → produce CH<sub>4</sub> ## Anthropogenic Meaning (human caused) * **Revisit GHG - Energy balance or changes. Worms.** ## GHG due to humans * **CO<sub>2</sub>** - Burn fossil fuels * Remove trees (Carbon sink) * "Double whammy" (clear cut or burn) * **CH<sub>4</sub>** - Agriculture (rice + cattle farming) * Decomposition (bacteria) * Landfills * **N<sub>2</sub>O** - Livestock feed/wasted * **CFCs** - Fridges/AC units (leak) - less now that we know better... * **CO<sub>2</sub>** - Feedback loop * More carbon released mainly (sinks). * Oceans holding CO<sub>2</sub> ## Global Impacts * **IPCC - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change** * **↳ ↑ Sea Level** * **↳ Agriculture - dry/wet (green season 10.3: 3.62):** * **↳ Ecosystems - Migrate to poles.** * **↳ Pests/diseases** ## Geoengineering * **- Outreach Impact** * ↑ Temp - hotter summers * ↓ Snow - more rain in season. ## Agriculture * ↑ growing season * ↑ new or crops * ↑ weeds? * ↑ pesticides? ## Livestock * ↑ evapor - many lower * ↑ precip - may rise * ③ Fish may die (some like cold) * ③ algae bloom ## Forests * ↑ save trees * ↑ boreal * ↑ decompose * ↑ temperature ## Ecosystem * ↑ diseases (pests) * ↑ electricity use (AC)
