Identification Of Place And Basic Elements Of Architecture PDF

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EngrossingMimosa3292

Uploaded by EngrossingMimosa3292

Eulogio 'Amang' Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology

Ar. Diane A. Jose, MBA

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architecture place identification architectural elements design principles

Summary

This document provides a lecture on the identification of place and basic elements of architecture, emphasizing primary concepts like defined areas of ground, walls, platforms, and more. It explores how these elements create architectural forms and how they are modified by factors like light, color, sounds, and temperature. The lecture materials also highlight the role of these elements within architectural practice, referencing examples and referencing different architectural designs.

Full Transcript

IDENTIFICATION OF PLACE AND BASIC ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 01 Ar. Diane A. Jose, MBA ARCHITECTURE AS IDENTIFICATION OF PLACE The broadest definition of architecture is that which one often finds in dictionaries: ‘architecture is the desig...

IDENTIFICATION OF PLACE AND BASIC ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 01 Ar. Diane A. Jose, MBA ARCHITECTURE AS IDENTIFICATION OF PLACE The broadest definition of architecture is that which one often finds in dictionaries: ‘architecture is the design of buildings’. One cannot contradict this definition, but it doesn’t help very much either; in a way it actually diminishes one’s conception of architecture, by limiting it to ‘the design of buildings’. ARCHITECTURE AS IDENTIFICATION OF PLACE A prehistoric family making its way through a landscape unaffected by human activity. They decide to stop, and as the evening draws on they light a fire. By doing so, whether they The fireplace is for the time being intend to stay there the center of their lives. permanently or just for one As they go about the business of living they make more places, subsidiary to the fire: a place to store fuel; a night, they have established a place to sit; a place to sleep; perhaps they surround these places with a fence. place. ARCHITECTURE AS IDENTIFICATION OF PLACE The architectural actions of a prehistoric family making its dwelling place can be replicated and updated in a beach camp. 1. The fire is the focus, and also a place to cook—kitchen. 2. A windshield protects the fire from too much breeze, and as a wall begins to give some privacy. 3. There is a place where the fuel for the fire is kept—storage, 4. The back of the car acts as a food store. There are places to sit, and if one were to stay overnight, one would need a bed. These are the basic ‘places’ of a house; they come before walls and a roof. PLACE IS TO ARCHITECTURE… Place is to architecture, it may be said, as meaning is to language. Learning to do architecture can seem to be like learning to use language. Like language (a structured system of communication), architecture has its patterns and arrangements, in different combinations and compositions as circumstances suggest. Significantly, architecture relates directly to the things we do; it changes and evolves as new, or reinterpreted, ways of identifying places are invented or refined. BASIC ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE Places can be identified by a range of basic elements: defined areas of ground, walls, platforms, columns, roof, door... PHYSICAL TERMS OF THE PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE Principally these include: the ground, which is the datum to which most products of architecture relate; the space above that surface, which is the medium that architecture molds into places; gravity; light; and time. Defined area of ground The definition of an area of ground is fundamental to the identification of many if not most types of place. It may be no more than a clearing in the forest, or it may be a pitch laid out for a football game. It may be small, or it may stretch to the horizon. It need not be rectangular in shape, nor need it be level. It need not have a precise boundary but may, at its edges, blend into the surroundings. Defined area of ground: Raised area or platform Lowered area, or pit A raised platform creates a level A pit is formed by excavation of the horizontal surface lifted above the ground’s surface. It creates a place natural ground. It may be high or which is below the natural level of low. It may be large—a stage or the ground. It may be a grave, or a terrace; it may be medium-sized—a trap, or even provide space for a table or altar; it may be small—a subterranean house. It might be a step or shelf. sunken garden, or perhaps a swimming pool. Marker Focus A marker identifies a particular The word focus is the Latin for place in the most basic way. It does hearth. In architecture it can mean so by occupying the spot and by any element upon which standing out from the surroundings. concentration is brought to bear. It may be a tomb- stone, or a flag on This might be a fireplace, but it a golf course; it might be a church could also be an altar, a throne, a steeple, or a multistory office block. work of art, even a distant mountain. Barrier Roof or canopy The roof divides a place from the forces of the sky, sheltering it from A barrier divides one place from sun or rain. In so doing, a roof also another. implies a defined area of ground beneath it. A roof can be as small as It could be a wall; but it might also a beam over a doorway, or as big as be a fence, or a hedge. It could even a vault over a football stadium. be a dyke or a moat, or just the psychological barrier of a line on Because of gravity a roof needs the floor. support. This could be provided by walls, but it could be by posts or columns. Posts, or columns Paths As support to the canopy, or roof. A place along which one moves; which might Serves as protection for harsh sun be straight, or trace and irregular route across rays or rain. the ground surface avoiding obstacles. A path might also be inclined: as a ramp, a stair, or even a ladder. It might be formally laid out, or merely defined by use—a line of wear across the countryside. Openings Historically, a more recent basic element is the glass wall, which is a barrier physically but not visually. Doorways through which one may pass from one place to another, but which are also places in their own Another is the suspension rod or cable, which right; and windows through which can support a platform or roof, but which one can look, and which allow also depends literally upon a structural passage of light and air. support above. Basic elements such as these can be combined to create rudimentary architectural forms. Sometimes these combined elements have names of their own, for example: (below). Basic elements such as these can be combined to create rudimentary architectural forms. Sometimes these combined elements have names of their own, for example: MODIFYING ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE Architectural Interiors Basic elements and the places they identified are modified: By LIGHT By COLOR By SOUNDS By TEMPERATURE By AIR MOVEMENT By SMELLS (and even possibly by tastes) By the QUALITIES and TEXTURE OF THE MATERIALS By USE By SCALE By the EFFECTS and By the EXPERIENCE SAMPLE ARCHITECTURE Showing modification of Basic Architectural Elements This is the ground floor plan of the VILLA MAIREA, a house designed by the Finnish architects Alvar Aalto and his wife Aino, and built in 1939. References: Analysing Architecture by Simon Unwin https://archeyes.com/villa- mairea-alvar-aalto

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