APL Reviewer 2nd Quarter PDF

ADVANCED PRACTICAL LIFE REVIEWER WEEK 1: BASIC SEWING TOOLS Sewing – is the craft of fastening or attaching objects like fabrics using made stiches with sewing needle and thread. Hand Sewing Tools 1. Needle – used to hold the sewing thread 2. Thread – used to form the stiches that hold...

ADVANCED PRACTICAL LIFE REVIEWER WEEK 1: BASIC SEWING TOOLS Sewing – is the craft of fastening or attaching objects like fabrics using made stiches with sewing needle and thread. Hand Sewing Tools 1. Needle – used to hold the sewing thread 2. Thread – used to form the stiches that hold the fabric part together 3. Pin cushion – used to hold pins 4. Pins – used to anchor patterns to fabric or hold layers of fabric together 5. Needle threader – used to help pull a thread through the eye of a sewing needle 6. Thimble – used to push the needle through the fabric Measuring Tools 1. Tape measure – used to take body measurements and measure fabric 2. Yard stick – used for checking hems and drawing long lines 3. Sewing gauge – used to measure hemlines, tucks, and pleats as well as the spaces required for buttons and buttonholes Cutting Tools 1. Scissors – used to cut paper, thread, and scraps 2. Shears – used to cut fabric 3. Seam ripper – used to cut and remove stitches WEEK 2: SAFETY PRECAUTIONS OF USING SEWING TOOLS 1. Use sharp scissors designated for fabric cutting. 2. Always cut away from yourself. 3. Store pins and needles in a pincushion or container. 4. Never leave pins or needles on the floor or work surface. 5. Avoid wearing loose clothing, jewelry, or long sleeves. 6. Tie back long hair to prevent it from getting tangled in the machine or tools. 7. Keep your work area well-lit and organized 8. Clean up scraps and trimmings promptly. 9. Regularly inspect and maintain your sewing tools and equipment. 10. Replace worn or damaged tools promptly. 11. Keep sewing tools, especially sharp ones like scissors and needles, out of reach of children and pets. 12. Follow manufacturer's instructions. 13. Educate yourself on proper techniques. 14. Always keep sewing needles pointed down and away from your body to prevent accidental punctures or cuts. 15. Never point the tips of scissors or needles towards yourself or others to avoid injuries. WEEK 3: TYPES OF FABRIC Fabric – is a cloth or other material produced by weaving together cotton, nylon, wool, silk, or other thread. It is used for making things such as clothes, curtains, and sheets. 1. Cotton – light and soft natural fabric. 2. Silk – is a soft and elegant fabric choice with smooth touch and shimmering look. 3. Satin – is glossy, elegant and slippery on one side and matte on the other. 4. Chiffon- s a sheer, lightweight, plain-woven fabric made from twisted yarn that gives it a slightly rough feel. 5. Velvet – is a soft, luxurious fabric that is characterized by a dense pile of evenly cut fibers that have smooth nap. 6. Crepe – is a lightweight, twisted-plain woven with a rough, bumpy surface that doesn’t wrinkle. WEEK 4: HAND SEWING Hand Stitching – is a method of stitching hems, small sewing projects and mending clothing and other items. Basic Hand Stiches 1. Running stitch – is a short stitch that is used for delicate sewing job such as gathering or mending. The stitching is usually permanent. 2. Backstitch – secures hand stitching at the beginning or end of a row of stitches. 3. Overcast stitch – is used for finishing the raw edges of fabric to prevent it from fraying. 4. Basting – is used temporarily to check fit and construction of a garment. WEEK 5: SEWING BUTTONS Button – is a small disk or lump attached to the clothing either to decorate or fasten the cloth by being pushed through a hole made for that purpose. 1. Flat buttons – are mainly manufactured in plastic or metal with two or four holes to sew button onto the fabric. 2. Shank buttons – are buttons without holes through the top. They have shank underneath to sew the button onto the garment. 3. Toggle Buttons – are made in an interesting, elongated oval shape with two holes in the center to sew them in place 4. Stud buttons – are very popular in the manufacturing of jeans. It is called “jean’s buttons”. 5. Decorative buttons – include buttons made with special materials like beads, crystals, pearls, lac, coconut, sea shells, wax, horns of different animals (Ivory) or buttons with interesting shapes. WEEK 6: EMBROIDERY Embroidery – is the art of designing with needle with needle. It is the ornamentation of textiles and other materials with needlework for personal use and decoration not only at home but for offices as well. Handicraft- is a type of craft where people make things using only their hands or basic tools. Basic Embroidery Tools 1. Embroidery Fabric – is any type of fabric like aida cloth, muslin, linen, and canvas. It forms the base of your embroidery. 2. Embroidery needle – is a short piece of steel with a fine point at one end and a little opening or eye at the other. 3. Embroidery thread – is a thread that is manufactured or hand-spun specifically for embroidery and other forms of needlework. 4. Embroidery frame or hoops- used to keep the fabric stretched while applying embroidery stitches on the design 5. Embroidery scissors – used in trimming scallops, clipping threads, or cutting large eyelets. Basic Embroidery Stitches 1. Running stitch – it is the most simple and basic embroidery stitch. It worked in a simple up and down motion. 2. Backstitch – is the most popular stitch in beginner embroidery. It worked from right to left. 3. Chain stitch – can be used as a line stitch or to fill whole areas with embroidery. It is worked in loops that are then secured by the next loop or a stitch. WEEK 7: PLANNING A SEWING PROJECT Project plan – is a format describing what, why, and how to make a product. It gives you an idea what project you would want to accomplish based on a certain purpose. Parts of a Project Plan 1. Name of the project – a specific description of the project. 2. Objectives – states the purpose why a project should be done. This is usually stated in three learning domains: the cognitive, psychomotor and affective. 3. Design – the photographic representation of the project. 4. Tools and Materials – list of tools and materials needed to produce a project. 5. Procedure – the chronological steps or operations involved to accomplish the project. 6. Evaluation – the process of assessing the finished project with its given criteria prepared during planning and evaluating.