NEET - NCERT All Examples PDF

# NEET - NCERT ALL EXAMPLES ## Asexual Reproduction - Binary Fission: Amoeba - Budding: Yeast - Cell Division: Protists and Monerans - Zoospores: Chiamudomonas - Conida: Penicillus - Buds: Hydra - Gemmules: Sponge - Eyes: Potato - Rhizome: Ginger, Banana - Bulbil: Agave - Leaf buds: Bryophyllum - O...

# NEET - NCERT ALL EXAMPLES ## Asexual Reproduction - Binary Fission: Amoeba - Budding: Yeast - Cell Division: Protists and Monerans - Zoospores: Chiamudomonas - Conida: Penicillus - Buds: Hydra - Gemmules: Sponge - Eyes: Potato - Rhizome: Ginger, Banana - Bulbil: Agave - Leaf buds: Bryophyllum - Offset: Water Hyacinth ## Vegetative Propagules in Angiosperms - Tiger, cows, sheep, rats, deers, dogs - Monkeys, apes and humans - Cucurbits and coconut, Chara - Papaya and date palm, Marchantia - Earthworm, sponge, tapeworm and leech - Cockroach - Rotifers, honeybees, some lands, binds (Turkey) - Most aquatic organism-Majority of algae and fishes as well as amphibians - Many terrestrial organisms Belonging to fungi - Higher animals (reptiles, birds, mammals) - Majority of plants - Bryophyllum, pteridophytes ## Oestrus Cycle ## Menstrual Cycle ## Monoecious Plants (Bisexual Plants) ## Dioecious Plants Unisexual Plants) ## Bixual animals (Hermaphrodite) ## Unisexual animals ## Parthenogenesis ## External fertilization ## Internal fertilization ## Multicarpellary, Syncarpous pistil - Gymnosperms and angiosperms) - Papaver ## Multicarpeillary, Apocarpos gynoecium - Michelia ## Presence of one ovule in an ovary - Wheat, Paddy, Mango ## Presence of many ovules in an ovary - Papaya, Watermelon, Orchids ## Autogamy - Viola (comenon pany), Oxalis and Commelina ## Abiotic agents of pollination - Wind and water ## Biotic agents of pollination - Animals Wees, Butterflies, beetles, wasp, ants, moths birds (Sunbird and humming birds), bats, some primates (lemurs) and arboreal tree-dwelling) rodents. reptiles (gecko lizard and garden lizard) ## Wind pollination - Grasses ## Water pollination - Algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes - Vallisneria and Hydrilla (grow in fresh water) - Zostera (grow in marine water) - Water hyacinth and water lily ## Insect or Wind pollination - Pea, groundnuts, beans ## Endosperms completely consumed by developing embryo before seed maturation - Castor and coconut ## Persistent Endosperm ## Albuminous seed - Wheat, maize, barley, castor, sunflower ## Non Albuminous seed - Pea and groundnut ## True fruits - Most of the fruits ## False fruits - Apple, strawberry, cashew ## Parthenocarpic fruits - Banana ## Apomixis - Asteraceae and grasses ## Polyembryony - Citrus fruits ## Hormones released during pregnancy - HCG, HPL, Estrogens, Progestogens (by placental Relaxin (by ovary) - During pregnancy levels of estrogens, progestrogen, cortisol, prolactin, thyroxine are also increased in maternal blood - Periodic abstinence - Withdrawal or coitus interruptus - Lactational amenorrhea ## Natural methods of contraception ## Barrier methods of contraception ## IUDs - Condoms, Diaphragms, cervical caps and vaults - Non-medicated IUDs-Lippes loop - Copper releasing IUDs-CuT, Cu7, Multiload 375 - Hormone releasing IUDs-Progestasert and LNG-20 ## Incomplete Dominance - Dog flower (snapdragon or Antirrhinum species) ## Co-dominance - ABO blood grouping ## Multiple Allelism - ABO blood grouping ## Pleiotropy - Phenylketonuria ## Male Heterogamety - Humans and drosophila (XY) ## Female Heterogamety - Birds (ZW) ## Point mutation - Sickle cell anemia ## Mendelian Disorders - Haemophilia, Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anemia, colorblindness, phenylketonuria, thalassemia ## Chromosomal disorders - Down's syndrome, Klinefelter's syndrome, Turner's syndrome ## Purines - Adenine and Guanine ## Pyrimidines - Cytosine, Uracil and Thymine ## Homologous structures (Divergent evolution) - Forelimbs of whates, bats, cheetah and humans - Vertebrate hearts or brains - Thorns and tenders of Bougainvillea and Cucurbita ## Analogous structures (Convergent evolution) - Wings of butterfly and birds - Eye of octopus and mammals - Flippers of penguins and dolphins ## Root modification - Sweet potato ## Stem modification - Potato ## Adaptive radiation - Darwin finches - Australian Marsupial ## Placental mammals - Mole, anteater, mouse, lemur, flying squirrel, bobcat, wom ## Australian mammals - Marsupial mole, numbat (anteater), marsupial mouse, potted cuscus, flying phalanger, Tasmanian tiger cat, Tasmanian wolf ## Passive Immunity - Colostrum, Injection in case of snake bites ## Primary lymphoid organs - Bone marrow and thymus ## Secondary lymphoid organs - Spleen lymph nodes, tonsils, Peyer's patches of small intestine ## Fresh water fish - Catla, Rohu, and Common carp ## Marine fishes - Hisa, sardines, Mackerel and Pomfrets ## Semi dwarf varieties of wheat - Sonalika and Kalyan Sona ## Semi-dwarf varieties of rice - Jaya and Ratna ## Diseases caused by fungi - Brown rust of wheat, red rot of sugarcane, late blight of potato ## Diseases caused by bacteria - Black rot of crucifers ## Diseases caused by viruses - Tobacco mosaic and turnip mosaic ## Free living nitrogen fixing bacteria - Azospirillum, Azotobacter ## Cyanobacteria as Nitrogen fixers - Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria ## Symbiotic Nitrogen fixing Bacteria - Rhizobium ## Major biomes of India - Tropical rain forest - Deciduous forest - Desert - Sea coast ## Predation - Prickly pear cactus and cactus feeding predator (a moth) ## Parasitism - Life cycle of human liver fluke - Malarial parasite - Cuscuta ## A brood parasitism - Cuckoo (Koel) and the crow ## Commensalism - Barnacles growing on the back of a whale - An orchid growing on as an epiphyte on a mango branch - Cattle Egret and grazing ## Mutualism - cattle - Sea anemone and clown fishy - Lichens - mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthesizing algae or cyanobacteria - Mycorrhizae - association between fungi and roots of higher plants - Pollination (zoophily, entomophily) - Between fig tree and wasp ## Gaseous nutrient cycle - Nitrogen, carbon cycle ## Sedimentary cycle - Sulphur and phosphorus cycle ## Plants with Hallucinogenic properties - Erythroxylum coca, Atropa belladonna and Datura ## Symbiotic Nitrogen fixing bacteria - Rhizobium ## Free living Nitrogen frong bacteria - Azospirillum and Arotobacter ## Cyanobacteria as nitrogen fixer - Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria ## Competition - Between superior barnacle Balanus and smaller barnacle ## In situ conservation - Biosphere reserve, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries ## Ex situ conservation - Zoological parks, botanical gardens and wildlife safari parks ## Dinoflagellates - Gonyaulax ## Euglenoids - Euglena ## Amoeboid protozoans - Amoeba, Entamoeba ## Flagellate protozoans - Trypanosoma ## Ciliated protozoans - Parmoecium ## Sporozoans - Plasmodium (malarial parasite) ## Phycomycetes - Mucor, Rhizopus, Albugo (the parasitic fungi on mustard) ## Ascomycetes - Penicillum multicellular), yeast (unicellular), Aspergillus, Claviceps and Neurnipora ## Basidiomycetes - Agaricus (mushroom), Ustilago (smut), Puccinia (rust fungus) ## Deuteromycetes - Alternaria, Colletotrichum and Trichoderma ## Colonial algae - Volvox ## Filamentous algae - Ulothrix and Spirogyra