Age of Absolutism Test PDF

Name:___________________________________ Date:____________ Pd.______ Age of Absolutism TEST Choose the best answer for each question. 1.​ Which of the following best defines absolutism? ○​ A) A system of government where monarchs share power...

Name:___________________________________ Date:____________ Pd.______ Age of Absolutism TEST Choose the best answer for each question. 1.​ Which of the following best defines absolutism? ○​ A) A system of government where monarchs share power with elected representatives. ○​ B) A political system in which a monarch holds all power and authority over the state. ○​ C) A form of government that emphasizes checks and balances on the monarch’s power. ○​ D) A political ideology that promotes separation of powers and democracy. 2.​ Who is considered the "Sun King" of France? ○​ A) Charles I ○​ B) Peter the Great ○​ C) Louis XIV ○​ D) Frederick II 3.​ Which monarch is known for centralizing power in France and constructing the Palace of Versailles? ○​ A) Louis XIV ○​ B) Philip II ○​ C) Charles V ○​ D) Catherine the Great 4.​ What concept did James I of England promote to justify his rule? ○​ A) Democracy ○​ B) The divine right of kings ○​ C) Parliamentary sovereignty ○​ D) The social contract 5.​ Which of the following was a direct result of the English Civil War (1642–1651)? ○​ A) The monarchy was abolished, and England became a republic. ○​ B) Parliament gained more power, and Charles I was executed. ○​ C) The English monarchy was restored without limitations. ○​ D) England established a constitutional monarchy immediately. 6.​ Who was the English monarch during the Glorious Revolution of 1688? ○​ A) James II ○​ B) Charles I ○​ C) Elizabeth I ○​ D) Henry VIII 7.​ Which monarch is credited with Westernizing Russia and expanding its territory? ○​ A) Catherine the Great ○​ B) Ivan the Terrible ○​ C) Peter the Great ○​ D) Nicholas II 8.​ What was the significance of the Palace of Versailles during the reign of Louis XIV? ○​ A) It served as a military base for French armies. ○​ B) It was a symbol of royal power and centralized control. ○​ C) It was the location of France’s first democratic assembly. ○​ D) It functioned as a place of religious worship. 9.​ Which war was fought between Catholic and Protestant states in Europe and ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648? ○​ A) The War of Spanish Succession ○​ B) The Thirty Years’ War ○​ C) The English Civil War ○​ D) The French and Indian War 10.​Which monarch ruled England during the time of the English Bill of Rights (1689)? ○​ A) James II ○​ B) Charles II ○​ C) William III and Mary II ○​ D) Henry VII 11.​The "divine right of kings" holds that monarchs: ○​ A) Receive their power from the people. ○​ B) Have the right to rule because they are chosen by God. ○​ C) Can only rule with the approval of the nobility. ○​ D) Are subject to the laws of their country. 12.​Who was the Prussian king who introduced military reforms and expanded his territory in the 18th century? ○​ A) Frederick William ○​ B) Frederick II (Frederick the Great) ○​ C) Wilhelm II ○​ D) Otto von Bismarck 13.​The "War of Spanish Succession" (1701–1714) was fought over: ○​ A) Control of Spain’s colonies in the Americas. ○​ B) The potential union of the French and Spanish crowns under one ruler. ○​ C) Religious conflicts between Catholics and Protestants in Spain. ○​ D) The division of the Holy Roman Empire. 14.​Which of the following did Peter the Great NOT do during his reign? ○​ A) Built a strong navy ○​ B) Modernized Russian society and government ○​ C) Established Russia as a European power ○​ D) Expanded the Russian Empire into India 15.​The concept of "absolute monarchy" is best associated with: ○​ A) A government where the monarch has unlimited power over all aspects of life. ○​ B) A system where monarchs share power with elected officials. ○​ C) A political system where monarchs rule according to a constitution. ○​ D) A society where monarchs are symbolic leaders without real power. 16.​Which of the following is true about the reign of Louis XIV? ○​ A) He was a supporter of the Enlightenment and democratic ideals. ○​ B) He believed in the divine right of kings and ruled with absolute power. ○​ C) He focused on expanding France’s colonies in the Americas. ○​ D) He created a constitutional monarchy in France. 17.​Who was the leader of the Roundheads during the English Civil War? ○​ A) James II ○​ B) Charles I ○​ C) Oliver Cromwell ○​ D) Richard Cromwell 18.​Which treaty ended the Thirty Years' War? ○​ A) Treaty of Versailles ○​ B) Treaty of Westphalia ○​ C) Treaty of Paris ○​ D) Treaty of Utrecht 19.​What was the main goal of the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713? ○​ A) To allow the Austrian Empire to maintain its unity despite a female heir. ○​ B) To strengthen Prussia’s control over the Holy Roman Empire. ○​ C) To establish religious tolerance in Europe. ○​ D) To form a military alliance between Austria and France. 20.​Which event in 1688 led to the overthrow of James II in England? ○​ A) The English Civil War ○​ B) The Glorious Revolution ○​ C) The French Revolution ○​ D) The War of Austrian Succession 21.​Which of the following was an outcome of the Glorious Revolution in England? ○​ A) The establishment of a republic in England. ○​ B) The dominance of Parliament over the monarchy. ○​ C) The restoration of absolute monarchy. ○​ D) The victory of Catholicism over Protestantism. 22.​Which French king is most closely associated with the expansion of France’s power in Europe during the 17th century? ○​ A) Louis XIII ○​ B) Louis XIV ○​ C) Charles V ○​ D) Henry IV 23.​Which ruler of Russia continued Peter the Great's policies of modernization and expansion? ○​ A) Catherine the Great ○​ B) Ivan the Terrible ○​ C) Nicholas II ○​ D) Alexander I 24.​Which of the following monarchs ruled France before Louis XIV and helped lay the foundations for absolutism? ○​ A) Henry IV ○​ B) Charles V ○​ C) Philip II ○​ D) Louis XIII 25.​Who was the monarch during the War of Austrian Succession (1740–1748)? ○​ A) Frederick II (Frederick the Great) ○​ B) Louis XVI ○​ C) Maria Theresa ○​ D) Charles I 26.​The Edict of Nantes (1598), issued by Henry IV of France, granted religious freedom to: ○​ A) Catholics ○​ B) Protestants (Huguenots) ○​ C) Jews ○​ D) Muslims 27.​Which monarch of Spain ruled during the height of Spain’s empire and was known for his attempts to maintain Catholic dominance in Europe? ○​ A) Philip II ○​ B) Ferdinand II ○​ C) Charles V ○​ D) Isabella I 28.​What was the primary goal of the Habsburgs during the Age of Absolutism? ○​ A) To promote religious tolerance across Europe. ○​ B) To establish a European-wide democracy. ○​ C) To expand and consolidate their territories in Central Europe. ○​ D) To create a military alliance with the Ottoman Empire. 29.​Which of the following was a key characteristic of the reign of Frederick II (Frederick the Great) of Prussia? ○​ A) He implemented Enlightenment reforms while maintaining absolutism. ○​ B) He rejected any Enlightenment ideas in his government. ○​ C) He focused on religious and military matters exclusively. ○​ D) He dissolved the Prussian monarchy in favor of a republic. 30.​Which event caused the decline of Spain’s power during the 17th century? ○​ A) The defeat of the Spanish Armada ○​ B) The French Revolution ○​ C) The loss of the Dutch Revolt and other colonies ○​ D) The signing of the Treaty of Westphalia 31.​Which monarch is credited with transforming Prussia into a great European power through military expansion and reforms? ○​ A) Frederick II (Frederick the Great) ○​ B) Maria Theresa ○​ C) Peter the Great ○​ D) Louis XIV 32.​Which of the following was NOT a reform implemented by Peter the Great? ○​ A) Modernization of the military ○​ B) Establishment of a new capital city, St. Petersburg ○​ C) Introduction of Western European cultural practices