Soil Science Questions PDF

OVERDRAFT -- removed faster than recharge can replace it DRAWDOWN -- water table recovers when the supply is replenished VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT -- difference between the amount of moisture in the air and how much moisture the air can hold when it is saturated SURFACE SEALING (PUDDLING OF SOIL) --...

OVERDRAFT -- removed faster than recharge can replace it DRAWDOWN -- water table recovers when the supply is replenished VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT -- difference between the amount of moisture in the air and how much moisture the air can hold when it is saturated SURFACE SEALING (PUDDLING OF SOIL) -- formation of a thin compact layer on the surface (result of breakdown of soil structure caused by beating action of raindrops) COEFFICIENT OF TRANSMISSIVITY -- amplitude, intensity, or total power of a transmitted wave relative to an incident wave PERCOLATION -- movement of water through soil profile (downward/beneath the ground) CLAY -- CONSUMPTIVE USE -- draws water from a source within the basin and returns only a portion or none of the withdrawn water to the basin INFILTRATION -- passage of water into the soil surface POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION -- amount of water that would be evaporated and transpired by a specific crop, soil or ecosystem if there was sufficient water available JENSEN -- HAISE METHOD -- HORTON'S EQUATION -- MONTMORILLONITIC CLAY SOIL -- cracks upon drying and have high initial infiltration rates PERMEABILITY -- used interchangeably with hydraulic conductivity WATER TABLE -- divides the two major subsurface zones AQUIFER -- contains water and transmit it at a rate sufficient to be economically developed for pumping UNCONFINED AQUIFER -- has water table serving as the upper surface of the zone of saturation ACTUAL CROP EVAPORATION -- refers to the evapotranspiration by a particular crop in a given period under the prevailing soil, water and atmospheric conditions INFILTRATION CAPACITY -- maximum rate of infiltration SOIL MOISTURE -- water content of the soil EVAPOTRANSPIRIMETERS -- total losses of the water from vegetation (as evaporation from the soil and transpiration from plants CUMMULATIVE INFILTRATION -- total amount of water that crosses the soil surface HYDROLOGIC PROCESS -- continuous process by which water is purified by evaporation and transported from the earth's surface to atmosphere back to the land and oceans PERCHED AQUIFER -- lower limit is relatively impermeable layer while its upper surface is a free water surface on water table REFERENCE CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION -- SPECIFIC RETENTION -- fractional volume of water that remains in a porous material after gravity drainage INTAKE RATE -- the rate of infiltration from a furrow into the soil FREQUENCY CURVE -- relates magnitude of a variable to its frequency of occurrence or distribution DARSY EQUATION -- LATENTIC SOIL -- non swelling and have high infiltration rate AQUICLUDE -- contains water but transmit it at a rate insufficient to be economically developed for pumping CONDUCTIVITY -- MINERALOGY -- determines the degree of swelling upon wetting