Medical Practice Test for Unit A & C Pathology PDF

Here is the converted text from the images: ### Practice test: unit A - Invasive basics #### Multiple choice 20. You have just completed an echocardiogram. Your patient asks you to interpret the results of this diagnostic examination. Your response as a healthcare professional should be to: a...

Here is the converted text from the images: ### Practice test: unit A - Invasive basics #### Multiple choice 20. You have just completed an echocardiogram. Your patient asks you to interpret the results of this diagnostic examination. Your response as a healthcare professional should be to: a. Say you don't know how to interpret results b. Explain that the physician will interpret it and report the results c. Explain that the final results are inconclusive d. Honestly interpret it to the best of your ability 21. A lack of demonstrated care or skill, which is less than expected from a reasonable and prudent medical professional is termed: a. Assault b. Abandonment c. Negligence d. Battery 22. If the following items appear in your patient's health history, which one is most probably significant in terms of predisposing her to hypertension? a. Having had 3 children in less than 4 years b. Having two grandparents who died of the disorder c. Having been underweight all of her life, including during pregnancies d. Having had most childhood communicable diseases, including German measles 23. You are alone in the cath lab. Your patient arrives early on a stretcher outside the cath lab entrance. The orderly says he has to leave, but the side rails are up and safety strap is in place. You note that she is sleeping and secure, so you go next door to get some last minute supplies. While you are gone she somehow climbs off the stretcher, falls and breaks her hip. a. You can be charged with assault b. You can be charged with abandonment c. The orderly can be charged with malpractice d. You cannot be charged because all safety devices were in place 24. A bruit is a: a. Type of hematoma b. Lung sound, caused by fluid accumulation in the alveoli c. Red spot on the skin caused by a small arterial embolus d. Sound heard over a blood vessel 25. A foley retention catheter is positioned in the _______ and the balloon is inflated with ________ a. Intestine, Air b. Intestine, Saline c. Bladder, Air d. Bladder, Saline 26. The admitting nurse reports that your patient has tachypnea. This means that your patient has: a. Rapid heart rate b. High blood pressure c. Rapid respiratory rate d. Labored breathing 27. The criteria that identifies, measures, monitors, and evaluates patient care comes from: a. OSHA regulations b. Medicare guidelines c. Automated information systems d. Quality assurance programs 28. The cardiologist gives the nurse a verbal telephone order to administer medication to her patient stat. She should: a. Immediately give the medication b. Tell him telephone orders cannot be accepted c. Write the order down, then read it back to the physician for approval d. Restate the order in your own words to the physician, then write it down ### Practice test: unit C - Pathology #### Multiple choice 169. The image shows a CW Doppler of Stenosis and Regurgitation in the left heart valves. The question asks to identify the valvular pathology labeled # 1. a. MR b. MS c. AS d. AR 170. The image shows AO & LV pressures & M-mode echos, with suprasternal Doppler The question asks what pathology is indicated? a. Aortic Valve Prolapse b. Aortic Regurgitation (AR) c. Aortic Stenosis (AS) d. HOCM/IHSS 171. The gallop heart sound associated with atrial contraction is the: a. (S1) 1st heart sound b. (S2) 2nd heart sound c. (S3) 3rd heart sound d. (S4) 4th heart sound 172. The image shows an Aortic pulse tracing. A patient's arterial pulse varies with every other beat as shown in the diagram. This abnormal pulse is termed: a. Pulsus alternans b. Pulsus bigeminus c. Pulsus bisferiens d. Pulsus tardus 173. The image shows LV, aorta and LA (PAW). In the simultaneous pressure tracing diagram shown, identify the chamber/vessel labeled at #5 and the valvular disease it represents. a. AO, HOCM b. AO, AS c. AO, AR d. PAW, MS e. PAW, MR 174. Which valve receives the LEAST amount of hemodynamic stress, and thus has the least likelihood of becoming incompetent? a. Tricuspid b. Pulmonic c. Mitral d. Aortic 175. | PATIENT DATA | | | :--------------- | :--------------- | | HR | 100 beats/min | | LVMF | 5.0 L/min | | Thermo $\text{CO}$ | 3.5 L/min | This patient has both mitral regurgitation (MR) and mitral stenosis (MS). Use the data shown to calculate the forward stroke volume out the aortic valve. a. 25 ml/beat b. 35 ml/beat c. 50 ml/beat d. 85 ml/beat 176. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is best imaged with an angiographic injection into the _________. a. Aortic root (AO) b. Left ventricle (LV) c. Left atrium (LA) d. Pulmonary artery (PA) 177. As the level of LV work increases in chronic aortic stenosis (AS), these patients may develop: a. Peripheral edema b. Hemoptysis c. Angina d. Fever and chills 178. Coronary driving pressure can be estimated by: a. AO systolic - LA mean b. AO diastolic - LA mean c. AO systolic - RA mean d. AO diastolic - RA mean 179. The image shows a left heart catheter pullback. Identify the obstruction seen in this LV-AO pullback pressure tracing. a. Valvular AS b. HOCM/IHSS c. Coarctation of $\text{AO}$ d. Combined HOCM & AS 180. In mitral stenosis there is a obstruction between the (chambers). a. Systolic, LA and LV b. Systolic, LV and AO c. Diastolic, LA and LV d. Diastolic, LV and AO 181. Pulsus paradoxus is defined as: a. More than $\text{10 mm Hg}$ drop in the BP with inspiration b. More than $\text{20 mm Hg}$ elevation in the BP following a PVC c. Notched systolic arterial pressure wave d. An alternating high - low variation in the systolic BP #### C2 - Pericardial & Myocardial 182. In pericarditis the ECG shows: a. ST elevation in most of the leads b. Injury pattern in leads I and aVL c. Significant Q waves in leads II, aVF, and III d. Wide and bizarre QRS complexes 183. A patient has equalization of RA, RV and LV diastolic pressure curves in addition to a "square root sign." What diagnosis is most likely? a. HOCM/IHSS b. Dilated cardiomyopathy c. Constrictive pericarditis d. Pericardial tamponade 184. HOCM is associated with: a. Chronic insulin dependence b. Myocardial fiber disarray c. Pulmonary hypertension d. Eisenmenger's syndrome #### C3 - Coronary Disease 185. Thrombolytic drugs and PTCA used in acute MI within the initial 4-6 hrs of chest pain are methods of a. Myocardial salvage b. Reviving necrosed myocardium c. Plaque reduction d. Clot prevention 186. Hibernating myocardium: a. Recovers as soon as blood flow is restored b. Recovers in a period of hours after reperfusion c. Recovers in a period of days or months after reperfusion d. Never recovers 187. The image shows a diagram to calculate percent diameter stenosis with labeled variables $D_1$ and $D_2$ In coronary angiography, the formula to calculate percent diameter stenosis is: a. Percent Stenosis = $100\% \times (D_2 - D_1) / (D_2)$ b. Percent Stenosis = $100\% \times [1 - (D_2 - D_1) / (D_2)]$ c. Percent Stenosis = $100\% \times (D_2 - D_1) \times D_2$ d. Percent Stenosis = $100\% \times (D_1 / D_2)$