a. Engine EVO Class B Modules 2-5.pdf
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"Engine EVO Class B Modules" Modules 2-5 EMERGENCY VEHICLE OPERATOR CLASS “B” Module 2 Major Vehicle Systems Pre-trip Inspections Revised 5/10/21 OLICK C TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE BJECTIVES Identify the major vehicle systems and their...
"Engine EVO Class B Modules" Modules 2-5 EMERGENCY VEHICLE OPERATOR CLASS “B” Module 2 Major Vehicle Systems Pre-trip Inspections Revised 5/10/21 OLICK C TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE BJECTIVES Identify the major vehicle systems and their component parts Determine methods and requirements for pre-trip inspection of vehicle systems Define maintenance requirements for vehicle systems Review MCFRS out-of-service criteria for fire department apparatus Review defect reporting and resources for apparatus operators Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 M OTIVATION CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE WHY KNOW THE COMPONENTS? Correctly identify defects and write accurate defect reports Determine and differentiate between normal, monitoring, and out of service conditions Identify critical safety issues before they cause injury or damage Ability to communicate with mechanics when describing conditions – “speaking their language” Make educated decisions about the vehicle you are driving! Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 DLICK C TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE EFINITIONS Leakage oClass 1: seepage of fluid; not enough to form drops oClass 2: leakage great enough to form drops; drops do not drip oClass 3: leakage great enough for drops to drip Operational Test: A test to determine the operational readiness of a component on a fire apparatus by observing the actual operation of the component. Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 F IVE M CLICK EDITSM AJOR TO YSTEMS ASTER TITLE STYLE There are five primary vehicle systems that impact your ability to safely control the apparatus: Steering 1. Tires 2. Wheels 3. Steering Tires and Wheels 4. Suspension 5. Brakes Brakes Suspension Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TLICK C IRESTO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE tread Key to all vehicle movement shoulder oSteering oBraking oAccelerating inner plies CID (cords) sidewall oCondition oInflation oDepth bead Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE C: CONDITION No cuts that expose cord CID No bulges on sidewall which indicates cord separation Front tires are not re-grooved or recapped Front tires are not mismatched Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE I: INFLATION Improper inflation…. ✓ Increases stress on the tire ✓ Reduces performance in emergency handling ✓ Increases wear ✓ Increases resistance to rolling and creates heat Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE I: INFLATION Any tires obviously flat? CID Listen and look for leaks Look for abnormal bulging oDual wheels should not be touching each other o4 lugs touching the ground Measure the tire pressure oVerify against pressures provided by the manufacturer oOn the data plate in the cab or on a door frame Ensure valve stems are capped and not touching the wheel Automated pressure monitoring systems are not in use in MCFR Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE D: DEPTH Insufficient tread depth…. Increases stopping distance Reduces steering performance Fails to channel rain and snow from beneath the tread ohydroplaning Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE D: DEPTH DOT minimum tread depths oSteering axles: 4/32 inch CID oOther axles: 2/32 inch No pieces of tread missing exposing cords Tread should be worn evenly Tread depth will be obtained from any major groove oCheck multiple areas around the tire oCheck in different grooves oCheck the deepest portion of the groove and not on top of a tie bar or hump Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE D: DEPTH Steering Axles—4/32” Non-Steering Axles—2/32” When a Quarter is inserted When a Penny is inserted into the grooves of the into the grooves of the tread tread the top of George the top of Abraham Lincoln’s Washington’s head should head should be below the be below the tread surface. tread surface. The tread The tread depicted in the depicted in the photo has photo has just enough just enough tread depth. tread depth. Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE OTHER CONSIDERATIONS Steering tires oDo the tread patterns match from side to side? oAre they the same size and type? Non-steering tires - duals oEach pair of tires is designed to carry a load together oDamage, incorrect inflation, or uneven wear transfers more load to one tire oBest practice is to mount only the same brand of tire with the same tread pattern and depth (within 4/32) in a dual assembly DOT does not mandate tire specifications Rev. 1/8/2020 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE OTHER CONSIDERATIONS Does the tire capacity match the axle weight ? Does the tire’s maximum air pressure match the wheel’s maximum air pressure ? Does the wheels maximum weight match the axle weight ? Rev. 4/28/2021 EVOC-Class B Module 2 TIRES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE OOS CRITERIA Steering tires with 45 minutes is not good o No heavy foods or alcohol o No caffeine Shift schedule Exercise o Should you be working OT? o Allow 3 hours for cool-down rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 DRIVER FATIGUE ON THE ROAD Get fresh air into your vehicle Keep your eyes moving Vary the siren pitch Maintain a conversation STOP No remedies fully offset the need for restful sleep! rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 OTHER IMPAIRMENTS Substance abuse YOU judge your Prescription medications readiness to drive. Over-the-counter medications Remember – it is not just YOU who is Physical issues effected by your oVision driving – it is your crew and the other oHearing vehicles around you. oOrthopedics Don’t be selfish. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 EMOTIONS Aggressive drivers/Road rage Response to siren – “sirencide” Call type State of mind/Outside influences Shift dynamic/communication skills rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 EMOTIONS When emotions overwhelm the operator: Tunnel vision/mission fixation may develop Vehicle speed increases Ability to prioritize actions appropriately is lost Communications break down A little stress is good – a lot is not Smith System “E.D.G.E.” DVD rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 Operational Situations Intersections, Tight Clearance, Night Driving, Fire Stations, Positioning, Railroad Crossings rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B 11 INTERSECTION BEHAVIORS Approaching Entering Jumping Other units Most likely location for an apparatus crash. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS APPROACHING One of the best proactive driving tactics is to reduce speed Adjust your speed to the available space cushion o Intersections are fixed object that as you close the gap you need to also reduce the stopping distance Reducing your speed gives other vehicles time to react to your approach o Let the play develop Change your siren cadence rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS APPROACHING Search ahead and identify potential hazards o Other vehicles o Pedestrians o Bicycles o Blind spots – buses, trees, buildings o Status of control devices – traffic lights, pedestrian crossing signals Identify the path of least resistance o Lane patterns o Avoid opposing traffic Cover the brake rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS SEARCH & IDENTIFY #1 #2 rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS SEARCH & IDENTIFY #1 #2 rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS SEARCH & IDENTIFY #1 #2 rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS ENTERING Entry occurs as soon as your front bumper crosses into cross- traffic If you cannot positively identify that right-of-way has been yielded to you, you must stop o Must do this for each individual lane Make eye contact with other drivers o Are other cars “acting” like they see you? Even when entering with the green light remain vigilant of other vehicles entering the intersection Avoid using the apparatus as a moving roadblock – this is aggressive driving rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS JUMPING Operator depresses the accelerator hard from stopped position Vehicle jerks or jumps forward Hard on the apparatus Jumps before other vehicle moves forward is a common low speed, at-fault collision Smooth starts allow for decision space rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS OTHER UNITS Zone of confusion - Created by two or more emergency vehicles responding together o Civilian driver sees one emergency vehicle, but hears a different one at the same time o Civilian driver thinks the coast is clear but pulls into your path o Elderly and teenagers are especially susceptible High-risk situation Anticipate other vehicles to make mistakes during the confusion rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS OTHER UNITS rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS OTHER UNITS FDNY 9/17/2020, 0045 hrs L102 going to a structure fire EMS unit transporting heart attack pt to ED Patient in EMS unit died Family member in EMS unit seriously injured Eight FDNY members with minor injuries Click to play video Rev. 9/18/2020 EVOC – Class B INTERSECTIONS OTHER UNITS EMS Unit point of view looking toward L102 L102 point of view approaching EMS Unit Rev. 9/18/2020 EVOC – Class B INTERSECTIONS OTHER UNITS It happened here. Engine 23 struck Ambulance 21 as they both entered an intersection enroute to a Hazmat Box. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS PROCESSION RESPONSE Travel single file with largest vehicle leading to create a path Maintain space cushions o Expect the leading unit to stop Each vehicle must use the normal precautions o Proceed as though no other units already entered Use contrasting siren tones o electronic siren with alternating or pulsing tone. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 INTERSECTIONS As you approach, what are you looking for? What is the status of the traffic light? What are the real and potential hazards? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 CASE STUDY #1 Contributing Factors? MCFRS Guidelines Civil suit - 2014 oWrongful death o$186,000 July 26, 2010 Two FF killed rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 ARRIVING Deceleration Finding the address Apparatus positioning Parking rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 ARRIVING DECELERATION Allow the auxiliary braking systems to work Hard stops o Harsh on apparatus, equipment, crew o Indicates operator was not scanning ahead Smooth deceleration stops o Plan ahead o Good visual lead time – ¼ mile ahead o Pick your stopping point on horizon o Decelerate early rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 ARRIVING FINDING THE ADDRESS Common element leading to crashes is passing the address o U-Turns in traffic o Backing against traffic o Operator gets frustrated Class B Preplan & teamwork Know block numbers apparatus are Know the cross street before the target block not simple to or identify “catching features” turn around! Reduce speed on the target block Use scene lighting Stop and read the map book rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 ARRIVING POSITIONING Approach the final spot slowly Spot for tactical advantage Leave clear space around vehicle Compartment doors Walking paths Outriggers Drive out instead of back out Leave access for incoming companies rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 ARRIVING POSITIONING CONSIDERATIONS Assume passing motorists do not see the apparatus or the personnel on the roadway Situational positioning o Action areas o Cast a large shadow o Pump panel area o Smoke conditions o Hazmats Do you need to be on the road at all? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 ARRIVING BEACHING Some situations encourage leaving the roadway o Tactical advantage for operations o Leaving space for other units What advantage is being gained by Sometimes it works……. leaving the roadway? Sometimes it does not. Will the surface support the apparatus? Will the entire apparatus be off the road or just some of the wheels? Can the apparatus get far enough off the road to actually offer a tactical advantage? rev. 2/24/21 EVOC - Class B Module 4 ARRIVING PARKING Come to a complete stop Transmission to neutral Set the spring brake Place a wheel chock o Redundant parking brake o Downgrade side o Required for parked vehicles either attended and unattended o Light vehicles can use parking brake o Turn wheels toward curb o Mark of a professional operator rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 LIMITED ACCESS ROADS Higher speeds o Less reaction time o Greater reaction forces o Less siren distance o Being out run Driving on the shoulder o Anticipate other vehicles moving into your path o Slow down o Siren or no siren? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 RAILROAD CROSSINGS MCFRS policy requires stops at unguarded crossings o Approach guarded crossings with skepticism Stop, look, and listen in both directions Trains may travel in either direction on all tracks Wait a moment to proceed after a train passes Never park or stop on train tracks More than one railroad or agency may operate on a set of tracks o Halting train traffic may be difficult rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 TIGHT CLEARANCE Public roadways are typically 9 to 12 feet wide dependent upon speed and traffic volume Apparatus widths are: o 2008 Crimson – 9’ 9” o 2016 Freightliner EMS Unit – 9’ 6” 9 to 12’ o 2016 Pierce Arrow – 9’ 8” o SUV – 7’ Private driveways, alleys, and other non-public roadways have no standard rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 TIGHT CLEARANCE 9’ 8” ????? Connecticut Avenue – Chevy Chase rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 TIGHT CLEARANCE TURN LANES 10’ 9’ 8’ 1” rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 TIGHT CLEARANCE rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 TIGHT CLEARANCE Your margin for error with a 20 or 35-ton vehicle can be inches. How fast should you be going? How important is it to squeeze through? Will the situation clear if you wait? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 TIGHT CLEARANCE WHEN YOU MUST GO Expand your “look ahead” distance Use spotters to assist the driver Crowd or change lanes o Must know what is going on around the vehicle and have complete situational awareness o Do not run other vehicles out of their lane Use appropriate speed o Time to identify obstacles, decide options, and execute the maneuver Best visibility for the driver is the driver’s side of the apparatus o keep the driver’s side of the apparatus as close as reasonable to the fixed objects o Use mirrors to watch clearances as fixed objects are passed. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 UNDERBODY CLEARANCE Angle of approach Angle of departure Underbody clearance Clearances can vary o Unit to unit o Same unit; different conditions o Prior damage rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 UNDERBODY CLEARANCE Apparatus components may drag when transitioning between surfaces o Parking areas o Driveways o Curbs o Medians – paved or unpaved Damage prevention o Signs of prior damage on pavement o First due knowledge o Approach or depart at an angle rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 NIGHT DRIVING All of the same hazards as daytime driving, but with less visibility Most drivers use the same approach to driving day or night Night-time driving problems are not recognized or understood Fatal collision rates are 3x higher at night More encounters with impaired drivers Prime time for road closures or work rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 NIGHT DRIVING CHALLENGES Difficulty with visual perception Eyes adapting to changing levels of brightness o Other drivers blinding you o You blinding other drivers Visual “cues” at darkness are eliminated Shorter and narrower fields of vision Limited or no visibility in mirrors and to the rear Reduced level of alertness (fatigue) Seniority rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 NIGHT DRIVING GLARE The human eye takes about 7 seconds to fully recover from being blinded by bright light. In 7 seconds, a vehicle traveling 60mph will travel 616 feet. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 NIGHT DRIVING PRECAUTIONS Know the range of your headlights Reduce speed and increase following distances rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 NIGHT DRIVING PRECAUTIONS Avoid driving while fatigued whenever possible Keep your eyes moving to avoid glare and fixating Recognize that your warning lights and floodlights will create glare for other drivers Reduce glare inside the cab by using red overhead lights, dimming the MDT screen, and dimming the panel lights o Communicate to the crew when lights in the rear of the cab are a problem Keep your windshield, headlights and warning lights clean rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 WINTER WEATHER On-Spot Chains – automatic Standard Chains – manual Rev. 2/23/21 EVOC – Class B Module 4 WINTER WEATHER GETTING STUCK Assess your situation and provide a Conditions-Actions-Needs report to PSCC or Incident Command via radio; do other units need to find another route? Back out or try and “rock” the vehicle to better traction Use integral vehicle systems to assist with traction Stop, get out, and shovel under and around the apparatus Standard tire chains - avoid repeatedly and rapidly spinning the tires; this will destroy the chains Automatic tire chains - spinning the tires is required to put the chains below the tires Remain patient and assess the need for assistance Rev. 2/19/21 EVOC – Class B Module 4 PARKING LOTS Immediately limited clearance Pedestrians Physical Hazards Distracted drivers o Tight corners Adjust time of day if possible o Landscape trees overhanging lanes Avoid entering parking lots o Protective bollards whenever possible o Light poles Choose your parking spot o Landscape rocks Should you park? o Illegal parking – fire lanes rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 AROUND THE FIREHOUSE Leaving the Bay Overhead Doors Complete a visual check When the door is in motion Disconnect shorelines you should be stationary Verify the door is fully open Do not rely upon collision sensors Verify the crew is ready o Seated, belted, doors closed Sensors are for human safety o Too slow to avoid apparatus Leave slowly Know how your doors work! Engage any traffic control rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 SUMMARY Apparatus operators must judge their own ability to perform when faced with fatigue or emotional stress o Do not be selfish – other people’s lives are relying upon your readiness Fire apparatus face a variety of situations that increase the risk of collisions o Intersections pose the most serious and frequent threat for a severe collision o Congested areas restrict your ability to act so you must slow down o Know the six sides of your apparatus – not just the height and width o Everyday errands can lead you into collision-prone areas and combine with complacency due to familiarity rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 4 EMERGENCY VEHICLE OPERATOR CLASS “B” Module 5 Apparatus Positioning & Roadway Safety Revised 2/19/21 MLICK C TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE OTIVATION MCFRS responds to over 100,000 incidents annually Nearly every incident requires operators to position for: oOperational efficiency oCrew safety Operational efficiency oEMS equipment oHoseline deployment oGround and aerial ladder deployment oMaster stream reach Crew safety oBetween 2000 and 2013, 61 firefighters have been killed when struck by vehicles oNearly half of the deaths were on non-fire incidents rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 MLICK C COUNTY TO EDIT MASTER ONTGOMERY EXPERIENCE TITLE STYLE January 6, 2016 @ 1615hrs – AT719 February 15, 2015 @ 0015hrs – A711 struck while on the shoulder struck while blocking rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 MLICK C COUNTY TO EDIT MASTER ONTGOMERY EXPERIENCE TITLE STYLE “…we stopped and were hit within 30 seconds.” rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 FLICK C EDERAL &MSASTER TO EDIT STANDARDS TATETITLE STYLE Definition of a “Traffic Incident” A traffic incident is defined as any non-recurrent event, (vehicle crash, vehicle breakdown, special event) that causes a reduction of roadway capacity or an abnormal increase in traffic demand or congestion. Maryland Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices – Section 6I rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 WLICK C ORK TOZ ONE EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE Every incident requires establishing a work zone to some degree Focus is traditionally on vehicle crashes or on highways Upon approach to a scene the apparatus operator must assess how best to protect their crew and the scene from oncoming traffic Any time apparatus will impede or effect open traffic lanes some form of work zone must be established rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 RLICK C OADWAY TMERMS TO EDIT ASTER TITLE STYLE Left Right Lane Identification Shoulder Shoulder oNumber left to right Lane Lane Lane 2 3 1 rev. 2/2/21 EVOC - Class B Module 5 RLICK C OADWAY TMERMS TO EDIT ASTER TITLE STYLE “Local” lanes oFormerly known as Local Lanes CD (Collector distributor) 1 1 2 “Main” lanes 3 2 4 oThrough lanes on Route 270 Main Lanes rev. 2/2/21 EVOC - Class B Module 5 TLICK C BELTWAY HE TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE Inner loop vs. Outer loop oInner: Clockwise around DC oOuter: Counterclockwise around DC River Road to Georgia Avenue is very hazardous due to road design Exits 41 (Carderock) through 28 (NH Ave.) are within MoCo rev. 2/2/21 EVOC - Class B Module 5 RLICK C OADWAY TMERMS TO EDIT ASTER TITLE STYLE ‘Upstream’ or ‘downstream’ Downstream refers to the direction Upstream of normal vehicle travel relative to the scene. Incident Scene rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 WLICK C ORK TOZ ONE EDIT TERMS MASTER TITLE STYLE Advance Transition Buffer Work Warning Zone Zone Area “Shadow” rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 CLICK C TO EDIT MASTER ONTROLLING THE EXPOSURE TITLE STYLE Time oClear the scene efficiently oReduce the assignment Distance oUse a space buffer between you and traffic oProvide advanced notice downstream Shielding oBlocking apparatus oTraffic control devices rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 TRAFFIC C ONTROL D EVICES CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE CONES, FLARES, SIGNS Use flares to MUTCD provides illuminate standards for cones at night cones – size and or bad weather reflectivity 28” rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 E XPOSURE T IME CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE “QUICK CLEARANCE” DOT and PD want the road open Citizens want the road open Operational goals should include: oMinimize time on scene oOpen lanes to return traffic to normal oReduce the potential for secondary crashes downstream rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 BUFFER SPACE CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE LANE + 1 If moving traffic occupies this lane, is there an adequate “buffer”? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 P CLICK RIORITIES THE F MASTER TO EDITOF ARRIVING UNIT IRSTSTYLE TITLE Block Prioritize the moving traffic hazards Set out traffic control devices Protect the loading area for the ambulance and work area for crews rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 BLICK C TO EDITA LOCKING MPPARATUS ASTER TITLE STYLE “Blocking ” is the action of positioning an apparatus or vehicle at an angle to halt or divert the flow of moving traffic in one or more lanes. Blocking apparatus may be a unit with other duties or solely dispatched for traffic control rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 BLICK C TO EDITA LOCKING MPPARATUS ASTER TITLE STYLE Blocking apparatus should not be occupied Avoid blocking partial lanes Beware that gaps behind or in front of the apparatus allow cars to enter your work area rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 BLICK C TO EDITA LOCKING MPPARATUS ASTER TITLE STYLE This Engine blocks the left and center lanes. This “block to the right” directs all upstream traffic into the right lane. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 BLICK C TO EDITA LOCKING MPPARATUS ASTER TITLE STYLE A “Shadow ” is the area immediately downstream of any apparatus or vehicle that blocks moving traffic Work within this “shadow” area for greatest degree of safety and protection from moving traffic. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 TLICK C TO EDIT MT EMPORARY TITLECSTYLE RAFFIC ASTER ONTROL ZONE TTC zone is created by the blocking apparatus All response activities must occur within this protected zone rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 PLICK C ROTECT THE TO EDIT AMBULANCES MASTER TITLE STYLE The patient “loading area” at the rear of the ambulance must be within the Ambulances may be parked at an angle that puts the loading protected area area deep in the shadow rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ALICK C DVANCE WMARNING TO EDIT ASTER TITLE STYLE Beware of short sight distances Curves, hills, access ramps, vegetation Position apparatus, traffic control devices, and/or warning signs ahead of the scene rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ALICK C DVANCE WMARNING TO EDIT ASTER TITLE STYLE Familiarize yourself with known dangerous locations oI-495 b/n River Road and Wisconsin Ave oAny other examples? May require placing apparatus further from the scene than normal rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ALICK C DVANCE WMARNING TO EDIT ASTER TITLE STYLE On extended incidents, advance warning signage may be set up Federal standards provide guidance on the signage oFluorescent pink reflective 36”x36” oMinimum of 36” x 36” rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 CLICK C ONE TOSEDIT GUIDELINES MASTER PACING TITLE STYLE In general, cone spacing depends on the posted speed and the function of the cone within the work zone Rules of thumb for cone spacing o45mph – 40’ You may have to prioritize/triage cone placement due to the limited quantity of cones on the apparatus oThe apparatus may mark the transition and the cones parallel to the work area rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 YLICK C OU ATORE AM EDIT SOFT ASTERTTITLE ARGETSTYLE ✓ Drunk, Traffic vests and ✓ Drugged, turnout gear do not ✓ Drowsy, stop the “D” Drivers… Here lies the subject of a ✓ Distracted Cones and flares do NIOSH ✓ Dumb not stop the “D” report ✓ Disoriented Drivers… rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 SLICK C UBJECT TO EDIT ASTERRTITLE OFMTHE EPORTSTYLE 2007 - One firefighter was struck by a vehicle and killed. He was at the scene of a vehicle fire shortly after 4:00 am, loading hose back onto fire apparatus in the right-hand lane on an interstate highway when he was struck by a bus traveling approximately 65 mph. The driver of the bus had not noticed the emergency lights of fire apparatus parked on the shoulder and in the right-hand travel lane or traffic cones set up near the fire scene, and was traveling in the right-hand lane. When he belatedly tried to change lanes, he sideswiped the first apparatus and struck the firefighter. The fire department had declined traffic control on the highway during their operations at the vehicle fire because there was no traffic on the road. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 SLICK C UBJECT TO EDIT ASTERRTITLE OFMTHE EPORTSTYLE 2010 - A firefighter who was directing traffic at the scene of a motor vehicle crash was struck by a vehicle whose driver drove over traffic cones that had been set out to close the road. A flare had been placed near the cones. The victim was wearing coveralls with some reflective material and a high-visibility hat, and was using a flashlight with a traffic wand. However, he had his back to oncoming traffic and had positioned his vehicle, with emergency lights operating, beyond the point where the road was closed. Factors in the death included no advance warning to drivers, inconspicuousness of the victim and careless driving. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 SLICK C UBJECT TO EDIT ASTERRTITLE OFMTHE EPORTSTYLE 2011 - A firefighter directing traffic at a motor vehicle crash on a highway was struck while trying to keep the left-hand lane closed to traffic. A driver came over the hill, tried to maneuver around slowed traffic and struck the victim, who was wearing personal protective equipment and a reflective vest. Speed and alcohol were not factors in the incident. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 SLICK C UBJECT TO EDIT ASTERRTITLE OFMTHE EPORTSTYLE 2012 – The firefighter was killed at the scene of a motor vehicle crash when another driver deliberately struck him and two other emergency responders. The victim was wearing a high visibility vest, was standing close to traffic and was not protected by the positioning of the emergency apparatus. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 SLICK C UBJECT TO EDIT ASTERRTITLE OFMTHE EPORTSTYLE 2006 - The victim was spray painting markings on a highway to indicate the location of hydrants. He stopped his brush truck in the passing lane of the roadway, leaving the hazard lights operating, and worked in front of the truck. A vehicle approaching at close to the speed limit in the same lane rear-ended the truck, which crushed the firefighter. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 BLICK C TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE AD WEATHER Anything that impacts visibility or traction increases the need for traffic control. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 GLICK C OOD TOW MASTER TITLE STYLE EATHER EDIT Sun glare impacts visibility in good weather!! rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 KLICK C NOW TOYOUR EDIT ROLETITLE STYLE MASTER What was your dispatched arrival order? What is your actual arrival order? Has any other unit taken up a blocking position? oIs traffic approaching from more than one direction? What is the primary assignment? oWill you be accessing your compartments or hose loads? oCan your unit be abandoned and left as a road block? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 BLICK C TO EDITU LOCKING MNIT ASTER TITLE STYLE Typical engine company cannot adequately block on a multi-lane highway rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 BLICK C TO EDITU LOCKING MNIT ASTER TITLE STYLE Use a second heavy apparatus to block. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 SLICK C BASTER TO EDIT M TAGGERED LOCKING TITLE STYLE rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 GLICK C AP A EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE NALYSIS TO Where can another vehicle come through to the scene? Is this a good blocking position? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 JUMPING C THE LICK TO EDIT BARRIER MASTER TITLE STYLE Southbound ambulance crew stops and jumps the median for a patient on the Should NOT be northbound shoulder…. permitted!! rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 MLICK C EDIAN CROSSINGS TO EDIT & STYLE MASTER TITLE TURNAROUNDS Policy forbids turning around at median crossings or breaks in the center barrier when traffic is uncontrolled rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 M EDIAN C ROSSINGS CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE PGFD EXPERIENCE E828 used a break in the median Returning to quarters I-495 near Route 50 Struck from behind by a tractor- trailer 4 FF injured; one severely rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 SLICK C CENETO L MASTER TITLE STYLE IGHTING EDIT Pro’s oMakes the scene and personnel visible oIdentifies the work area oAugments apparatus warning lights Con’s oBlinding to oncoming motorists oMakes the scene visible rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 RLICK C OADWAY SM TO EDIT URVIVAL ASTER TITLE STYLE Apparatus position does not eliminate the need for personal situational awareness Personnel are exposed when: oGetting out of the unit oWalking around the unit oRetrieving equipment from the unit oGetting into the unit oSpotting for the unit Don’t forget the civilians! rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 RLICK C OADWAY SM TO EDIT URVIVAL ASTER TITLE STYLE Give consideration for protecting the most people most of the time oWhich side(s) of the apparatus contain the equipment you will need? oWill the pump operator need to be protected at the panel? Most fire apparatus crew areas allow members to exit out either side of the unit The driver should check side mirrors just before people dismount – look for incoming vehicles rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 RLICK C OADWAY SM TO EDIT URVIVAL ASTER TITLE STYLE Stop, look, and listen…..before you walk around the corner of an apparatus Try to position yourself to face oncoming traffic when getting equipment from the apparatus Always avoid placing yourself between oncoming traffic and your apparatus – the rock and the hard place Consider angling the apparatus every time you park on a roadway, even at the curb rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ROADWAY S URVIVAL CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE EXITING THE CAB Maintain a “Low Profile” Do NOT open door fully Do NOT walk around end of open door Drivers and Officers cannot choose the side they exit rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ROADWAY S URVIVAL CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE EXITING THE PATIENT COMPARTMENT Maintain “Low Profile” Do NOT open door fully Do NOT walk around end of an open door Minimize your time in the doorway rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ROADWAY S URVIVAL CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE EMS UNIT LOADING Protect the rear of EMS Transport Units. If the rear loading area is not within the shadow of another unit, consider positioning at an angle or in a protected area. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ROADWAY S URVIVAL CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE PERSONAL VISIBILITY MCFRS Policy 26-07AM – Use of Traffic Vests oincident scenes on arterials/highways/streets oAll personnel on scene must wear a: ▪ traffic safety vest ;or ▪ structural firefighting coat ;or ▪ sector/command vest Flashlights oAttention grabber oBe cautious not to blind drivers rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ROADWAY S URVIVAL CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE PERSONAL VISIBILITY Do you see all of the Open sided vests offer limited responders? protection on roadways rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ROADWAY S URVIVAL CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE PERSONAL VISIBILITY Who can you see? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 A PPARATUS P OSITIONING CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE MARYLAND CODE - § 21-405 (e) Unless otherwise directed by a police officer or a traffic control device, when an emergency vehicle using any visual signal is stopped, standing, or parked on a highway, the driver of a motor vehicle approaching the emergency vehicle from the rear shall: (1) make a lane change into an available lane not immediately adjacent to the emergency vehicle; or (2) slow to a reasonable and prudent speed that is safe for existing weather, road, and vehicular or pedestrian traffic conditions. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 ALICK C UTOTOFEDIT IRE MVASTER IDEOTITLE STYLE Limited access roadway 55mph speed limit Foggy and misty weather Christmas night 2 engines, 1 EMS unit What are the risks? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 FLICK C IRSTTOAEDIT ? TITLE STYLE MASTER RRIVING You arrive first on a crash on the interstate. Where do you park and why? What are your priorities? rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5 MLICK C COUNTY TO EDIT MASTER ONTGOMERY EXPERIENCE TITLE STYLE E707 arrives on scene of a PIC with MoCo Sheriff already on scene oOuter loop prior to 355 Near-hit occurs with vehicle swerving to avoid E707 E4 dismounts to check the status of the PIC; other personnel remain on E707 Within 3 minutes of arrival E707 is struck by another vehicle E707 effectively shielded the crew February 1, 2021 – E707 struck from harm shortly after arrival rev. 2/2/21 EVOC - Class B Module 5 MLICK C COUNTY TO EDIT MASTER ONTGOMERY EXPERIENCE TITLE STYLE Body camera footage from MC Sheriff Deputy E707’s E4 conversing with the Deputy rev. 2/19/21 EVOC - Class B Module 5 SLICK C TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE UMMARY Position yourself and your apparatus for maximum visibility and protection. Do not rely upon traffic cones or flares to stop a vehicle. Treat the roadway like an IDLH atmosphere. Every time you are in the road – not just on calls. rev. 6/4/18 EVOC - Class B Module 5
