ICT PDF

STARTER Write the name of the following hardware devices. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  STARTER Write the name of the following hardware devices. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware a...

STARTER Write the name of the following hardware devices. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  STARTER Write the name of the following hardware devices. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  What are we learning today? Hardware Components and devices Learning objective Children should be able to list the components of a computer hardware and state their examples. Outcome: ▪Some will list the hardware components and sort out their examples. ▪Many will list the hardware components in and outside the school computer room. ▪All will list the hardware components in the school computer room. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples. A computer system A computer system is a programmable electronic device that can accept data, store data, retrieve data, process data and send out information. A computer system consists of several interconnected and interdependent components that work together to perform a specific function or task. A computer system can be divided into two main categories: hardware and software. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples. COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM Computer hardware - These are physical parts of a computer. Examples of hardware are Input devices, output devices, central processing unit, storage devices, and communication devices. Computer software - also known as programs or applications. They are classified into two classes namely - system software and application software Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  Hardware Components and devices Computer hardware - These are physical parts of a computer system. There are five main hardware components. These are: Input devices, output devices, storage devices, Processing, and communication devices. 1.Inputdevices: These are devices used for entering/sending data or instructions to the computer. Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Document readers, Magnetic readers, Microphone, etc. 2.Output devices: These are devices that retrieve and present the result of the inserted input data from the computer system to the user and further translate that data into human-understandable language. Examples: Monitor, Printer, Speakers, Headphones, Projector, Global Positioning System (GPS), Graphic Plotter, Braille Embosser, etc. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  Hardware Components and devices 3. Storage devices: These devices are primarily used for storing data. There are two types of storage devices; Primary and Secondary storage devices. i. Primary storage devices / Main memory: are ROM and RAM. ROM (Read Only Memory) is non-volatile. This is not rewritable once manufactured or written but a computer can read from it. It does not lose its contents when the computer is switched off. RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile in nature because it loses its contents when the computer is switched off. It temporarily stores information the CPU uses while the computer is on. ii. Secondary Storage devices / Auxiliary memory: This memory holds programs and data for future use. it is used to store inactive programs and archive data because it is nonvolatile. Examples are magnetic disks, diskettes, magnetic tapes, Flash drives, optical discs, and hard disks. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  Hardware Components and devices 4. Central processing unit: In modern computers, the CPU is contained on an integrated circuit chip called a microprocessor. It acts as the "brain" of the computer. It is also known as a processor and consists of three units namely - i) Control Unit ( C.U.): The CU regulates and integrates the operations of the computer. It selects and retrieves instructions from the main memory in proper sequence and interprets them so as to activate the other functional elements of the system at the appropriate moment to perform their respective operations. ii) Arithmetic logic Unit ( A.L.U.): All input data are transferred via the main memory to the arithmetic-logic unit for processing, which involves the four basic arithmetic functions (i.e., addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) and certain logic operations such as the comparing of data and the selection of the desired problem-solving procedure or a viable alternative based on predetermined decision criteria. iii) Main Memory Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  Hardware Components and devices 5. Communication devices: This is a technology tool or gadget that allows you to transmit and receive information or data from other people or devices. It enables you to establish connections and exchange messages or signals over various communication networks. It is a hardware device capable of transmitting an analog or digital signal over the telephone, other communication wire, or wirelessly. Examples are: MODEM (MOdulation DEModulation), a NIC (Network Interface Card), Wi-Fi devices, and access points. GPS instruments, Pagers. Radio, cell phones, etc. Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  Activity Using the starter worksheet, write each device under its hardware component. Input device Output device Storage device Communication device Processing: Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.  Plenary ⚫ Can you explain: ⚫ What have you learnt today? ⚫ How do feel about your work today? ⚫ Revisit the Learning Objective. ⚫ Have you achieved the Learning Objectives? Children should be able to list the components of a computer * hardware and state their examples.