c635fc04-3f86-432c-9185-288ac4db9574.jpeg

# Lipids ## Saponifiable Lipids * **Fatty acids** molecules formed by a long hydrocarbon chain. * Formula: CH3-(CH2)n-COOH (where n is an even number between 12 and 24). * Two types of fatty acids: * **Saturated:** single bonds, solid at room temperature (e.g., butter). * **Unsaturated:**...

# Lipids ## Saponifiable Lipids * **Fatty acids** molecules formed by a long hydrocarbon chain. * Formula: CH3-(CH2)n-COOH (where n is an even number between 12 and 24). * Two types of fatty acids: * **Saturated:** single bonds, solid at room temperature (e.g., butter). * **Unsaturated:** one or more double bonds (cis or trans). ## Triglycerides * A triglyceride contains glycerol and three fatty acids. * The union of glycerol with one fatty acid forms a **monoacylglyceride**. * The union of glycerol with two fatty acids forms a **diacylglyceride**. * The union of glycerol with three fatty acids forms a **triacylglyceride**. * Esterification reaction: An ester is formed between the OH group of a fatty acid and the OH group of glycerol releasing water (H2O). * Reaction with alkali (like NaOH): Saponification reaction, releasing salts of fatty acids (soap) and glycerol. ## Cerids * Mixture of fatty acids and alcohol. * Formed by an esterification reaction with an alcohol forming a wax (cera). * Formed by a long chain alcohol + one fatty acid. **Note:** The image contains various chemical structures and reactions related to lipids. The provided text summarizes the key concepts and reactions. Chemical formulas and structures are shown in the image.