Political Science Past Paper PDF (OCR 317)

POLITICAL SCIENCE (317) Time: 3 Hrs. Maximum Marks:100 Note: I. This question paper consists of 54 questions in all. II. All questions are compulsory. III. Marks are given against each question. IV. Attempt...

POLITICAL SCIENCE (317) Time: 3 Hrs. Maximum Marks:100 Note: I. This question paper consists of 54 questions in all. II. All questions are compulsory. III. Marks are given against each question. IV. Attempt all questions either from Optional Module-7A or Optional Module-7B in all sections. V. Section- A consists of a) Q.No. 1 to 20 – Multiple Choice type questions (MCQs) carrying 1 mark each. Select and write the most appropriate option out of the four options given in each of these questions. b) Q.No. 21 to 35 – Objective type questions carrying 02 marks each (with 2 sub- part of 1 mark each). Attempt these questions as per the instructions given for each of these questions. VI. Section- B consists of c) Q.No. 36 to 46 – Very Short Answer type questions carrying 02 marks each to be answered in the range of 30 to 50 words. d) Q.No. 47 to 52 – Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each to be answered in the range of 50 to 80 words. e) Q.No. 53 to 54– Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each to be answered in the range of 80 to 120 words.  Sample Question Paper Political Science (317) Time: 3 Hrs. M.M: 100 Q. N. Questions M Section- A 1. A person can be a member of how many States at one time? 1 a. Only One b. Two c. Three d. More than three 2. Identify the correct option: 1 a. The Nation is a political concept while the State is a cultural concept b. Elements of a Nation are definite while State are not c. Nation and state are distinct entities d. Nation may be larger than State 3. 1 Which of the following is correct about the State? a. It is a natural institution b. It is an artificial/created institution a. It is a non-formal organization b. It is a social organization 4. 1 Liberalism is the political philosophy of which of the following class? a. Socialist b. Idealist c. Capitalist d. Orientalist 5. Which of the following gave the concept of Sarvodaya? 1 a. Gandhi Ji b. Voltaire c. Marx d. Rousseau 6. A person arrested under preventive detention can be kept in jail without trial for a 1 maximum period of? a. Three months b. Six months c. Twelve months d. Nine months  7. Identify the correct statement. 1 a. The Ceasefire line determined in 1949 was called the LoC after 1962 b. The Ceasefire line determined in 1949 was called the LoC after 1972 c. The Ceasefire line determined in 1951 was called the LoC after 1965 d. The Ceasefire line determined in 1950 was called the LoC after 1963 8. Identify the incorrect statement about the principles of Panchsheel. 1 a. Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty. b. Mutual non-aggression. c. Interference in each other’s internal affairs. d. Peaceful co-existence. 9. Which of the following is true about India’s stance on the CTBT? 1 a. Fully supports it without reservations b. Opposes it due to discriminatory nature c. Has no opinion on it d. Supports it unconditionally 10. Identify the incorrect statement about the Non-Alignment Movement. 1 a. Non alignment aimed to maintain national independence in foreign affairs. b. It is against joining any military alliance formed by the USA and Soviet Union aftermath of the World War II. c. Non-alignment was neither neutrality nor non-involvement nor isolationism. d. It is in favor of joining any military alliance formed by the USA and Soviet Union. 11. Which of the following is correct about the disarmament? 1 a. Disarmament is the limitation of dangerous (like nuclear) weapons. b. Disarmament is the reduction of dangerous (like nuclear) weapons. c. Disarmament is the possible elimination of dangerous (like nuclear) weapons. d. All of the above 12. Identify the incorrect statement about India’s disarmament policy. 1 a. In 1948, India had proposed limiting the use of atomic energy to peaceful purposes. b. In 1950, India suggested the formation of a UN Peace Fund. c. India was the second to become a party to the Partial Test Ban Treaty in 1963. d. In 1954, India advocated the cause for a comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty. Optional Module- 7A (Attempt questions either from Module 7A or 7B) 13. In which of the following city, the United Nations Charter was signed in 1945? 1 a. USA b. Geneva c. New York d. San Francisco 14. Human Rights Day is celebrated every year on? 1 a. 12 December b. 10 November c. 10 December d. 15 October 15. The General Assembly in the UN is composed of members of? 1 a. All European countries b. All NATO countries c. All member countries listed in the UN d. UN’s security council 16. 1 A privilege to cast a negative vote on substantive matters by five permanent members of the UN is called? a. Budget correction b. Veto power c. Both a & b d. None 17. What was/were the main objective behind the formation of the United Nations? 1 a. maintain world peace and security b. to end the cold war only c. to promote cultural harmony only d. All of the Above 18. 1 Which of the following oversees maintenance of international peace and security in the UN? a. General Council b. Security Council c. Economic and Social Council d. Trusteeship Council 19. 1 Which of the following is correct with regard to the UN peacekeeping forces? a. They carry light arms. b. They are allowed to use minimum force only if they are attacked. c. They use heavy arms d. Both a & b 20. 1 Which of the following is emphasized under the Covenant on Civil and political rights? a. Freedom of movement b. Equality before the law c. Freedom of religion d. All of the above  Optional Module- 7B (Attempt questions either from Module 7A or 7B) 13. Which of the following is the main function of the political executive? 1 a. Law making b. Decision making c. Budget making d. Bill making 14. Which of the following social scientists, for the first time, had done a systematic 1 study of bureaucracy? a. Karl Marx b. Max Weber c. Durkheim d. Chanakya 15. 1 Which of the following determines the number of members of the Public Service Commission and the conditions of their service? a. President b. UPSC Chairman c. Home Minister d. Law Minister 16. Why is an independent agency for civil servant recruitment necessary? 1 a. To uphold the merit system and neutrality in civil services. b. To safeguard people’s rights. c. To align with ministers’ aspirations. d. To serve as the appointing authority for civil servants. 17. Which of the following statements related to bureaucracy is correct? 1 a. Enhance the democratic principle of equality in the society b. Provide protection from arbitrary rules of the society c. Provide the necessary administrative objectivity d. All 18. 1 The conventional view of public administration is modelled on the fact that a. administration and politics should not be kept separate b. administration and politics should be kept separate c. Politics should always lead the administration d. administration should always lead the Politics 19. 1 The decline of neutrality in bureaucracy is also related to which of the following? a. The demands and pressures of coalition politics b. The processes of policy making which are no longer confined to the political executive c. Both a & b d. Their personal need 20. Neutral, value-free bureaucracy is possible only in a society where? 1 a. Consensus exists on values b. Consensus exists on policies c. Consensus exists on laws d. Consensus exists on customs 21. Fill in the Blanks: 1X2 The liberal concept of state activity is one where the ____serves the people. In other words, the welfare state is a _____state. 22. Answer the following questions in one word: 1X2 I. By which amendment Act Right to Education has been included in the list of Fundamental Rights? II. In which year Right to Property was removed from Fundamental Right category? 23. Answer the following questions in one word: 1X2 I. Directive Principles of State Policy are in the form of? II. Khadi and village Industries Board has been set up to promote which type of industries? 24. Complete the following sentences: 1X2 I. The most important feature of a federation is that its constitution should be a ____ document. II. Another very important feature of a federation is an independent ____to interpret the Constitution and to maintain its sanctity. 25. Fill in the blanks: 1X2 I. The Municipal bodies are constituted of persons chosen by ____election from the territorial constituencies in the municipal area. II. It is a common practice to divide the organisation of a corporation or a municipality into two parts: the deliberative, and the _____part. 26. Complete the following sentences: 1X2 I. Unlike Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha is not a _____body II. For the purpose of elections to the Lok Sabha, the States are divided into single member constituencies on the basis of_____. 27. Answer the following questions in one word: 1X2 I. It is an order to a lower court from a superior court to transfer the matter to it or to any other court for dividing the matter. II. It is an order by the court to the state to produce the person physically before it justify the confinement or release of the person. 28. Answer the following questions in one word: 1X2 I. Council of Ministers are collectively responsible to whom? II. She/he is not a member of the either House but an integral part of the Parliament? 29. Complete the following sentences: 1X2 I. Demanding of reorganization of states on the basis of language is contributes to____. II. Factors which have contributed to the growth of regional parties are cultural and geographical, social and ______. 30. Fill in the Blanks: 1X2 I. Public opinion necessarily reflects ____ of opinion. II. Public opinion ensures ____communication. 31. Fill in the Blanks: 1X2 I. _______ is territorial area from where a candidate contests elections. II. Election to constitute a new Lok Sabha or Assembly is called_____. 32. Fill in the Blanks: 1X2 I. The Protection of Human Rights Act, ____was enacted in India to provide for the constitution of a National Human Rights Commission. II. Universal Declaration of Human Rights which was adopted by the UN General Assembly (UNGA) in the year_____. 33. Write the full form of following Abbreviations: 1X2 I. PIL II. UNDP 34. Fill in the Blanks: 1X2 I. Instrument for a responsive and accountable administration inculcates people’s involvement in ______. II. The benefit of embedding computer and IT in the governance is _____of services to the people at low cost. 35. Fill in the Blanks: 1X2 Sustainable development has been defined on meeting the needs of the ____ generation without _____ the need of future generations.  Section- B 36. Define the meaning of Liberalism. 2 OR Describe Gandhi’s concept of Sarvodaya. 37. What do you understand by the federal system of government? 2 38. Outline the two conditions when emergency is proclaimed in the country. 2 OR Explain any two effects of National Emergency. 2 39. Explain the importance of any two Gandhian Principles incorporated in the Directive Principles of State Policy. 40. 2 Analyze the importance of Fundamental Rights. OR Analyze the importance of Cultural and Educational Rights. 41. 2 Write any two features of 73rd Amendment Act. 42. 2 Mention the two functions of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha. OR Explain financial functions of the Parliament. 43. 2 Elaborate the two jurisdiction areas of the Supreme Court. OR Why Supreme Court is called ‘protector of fundamental rights’? Explain. 44. State the definition of sustainable development. 2 2 45. Explain any two measures taken by Indian government to check environmental pollution. Optional Module- 7A (Attempt questions either from Module 7A or 7B) 46. Analyze the United Nations’ role in peace keeping activities. 2 Optional Module- 7B (Attempt questions either from Module 7A or 7B) 46. Analyze any two functions of the UPSC. 2 47. Explain the meaning of Money Bill. 3 48. 3 Identify the three hindrances in the formation of a sound public opinion. OR Describe any three significance and role of public opinion. 49. 3 Discuss the role of Non-alignment movement in India’s foreign policy. 50. 3 Identify various factors causing environmental degradation. OR Discuss the objective of India's National Environment policy. 51. 3 Identify the basic principles of India’s foreign policy. 52. 3 Discuss the importance of India’s Policy of Panchsheel. OR Discuss India’s contribution to UN efforts for peace & disarmament. 53. 5 Explain Gandhi’s concept of economic decentralization. OR Describe the Marxism and it’s basic postulates. Optional Module- 7A (Attempt questions either from Module 7A or 7B) 54. Explain the objectives and Composition of the Security Council. 5 Optional Module- 7B (Attempt questions either from Module 7A or 7B) 54. Analyze the constitutional provisions intended to make both UPSC and SPSC, 5 independent of any external influence.  Marking Scheme Political Science (317) S. No. Answers Marks 1. A. Only One 1 2. A. Nation and state are distinct entities 1 3. B. It is an artificial/created institution 1 4. C. Capitalist 1 5. A. Gandhi Ji 1 6. A. Three months 1 7. B. The Ceasefire line determined in 1949 was called the LoC after 1972 1 8. C. Interference in each other’s internal affairs. 1 9. B. Opposes it due to discriminatory nature 1 10. D. It is in favor of joining any military alliance formed by the USA and Soviet 1 Union. 11. D. All of the above 1 12. C. India was the second to become a party to the Partial Test Ban Treaty in 1963. 1 Optional Module 7A 13. D. San Francisco 1 14. C. 10 December 1 15. C. All member countries listed in the UN 1 16. B. Veto Power 1 17. D. All of the Above 1 18. B. Security Council 1 19. D. Both a & b 1 20. D. All of the Above 1 Optional Module 7B 13. A. Law Making 1 14. B. Max Weber 1 15. A. President 1 16. A. To uphold the merit system and neutrality in civil services. 1 17. D. All 1 18. B. administration and politics should be kept separate 1 19. C. Both a&b 1 20. A. Consensus exists on values 1 21. state & ‘social service’ 2 22. I. 86th 2 II. 1976 23. I. instructions/guidelines 2 II. Cottage 24. I. Written 2 II. judiciary 25. I. Direct 2 II. executive 26. I. Permanent 2 II. Population 27. I. Certiorari 2  II. Habeas Corpus 28. I. Lok Sabha 2 II. President 29. I. Regionalism 2 II. Ethnic 30. I. diversity 2 II. democratic 31. I. Constituency 2 II. General Election 32. I. 1993 2 II. 1948 33. I. Public Interest Litigation 2 II. United Nations Development Programme 34. I. Decision Making 2 II. Delivery 35. Present & compromising 2 36. Liberalism is the theory and practice of individual liberty, juridical defense 2 and the constitutional state. OR Gandhiji’s concept of Sarvodaya sums up his views on the kind of society he used to dream. Sarvodaya, as Gandhiji had visualised, is the greatest good of all the members of the society. It is the welfare of all. The concept of good in Sarvodaya is not merely material, it is moral and spiritual as well. 37. In a federal government system, there is a two tier of government with 2 well assigned powers and functions. In this system the central government and the state governments act within a well-defined sphere, co-ordinate  and at the same time act independently. 38. Conditions for the proclamation of Emergency: 2  When there is a war or external aggression.  When it becomes impossible for the government of a state to be carried on in accordance with the Constitution;  If the credit or financial stability of the country is threatened. (Write any two) OR The declaration of National Emergency has far-reaching effects both on the rights of individuals and the autonomy of the states in the following manner : (i) The most significant effect is that the federal form of the Constitution changes into unitary. The authority of the Centre increases and the Parliament assumes the power to make laws for the entire country or any part thereof, even in respect of subjects mentioned in the State List. (ii) The President of India can issue directions to the states as to the manner in which the executive power of the states is to be exercised. Any other relevant point (Any two) 39. There are certain principles, based on the ideals advocated by Mahatma 2 Gandhi. These Principles are as follows : - To organize village Panchayats. To promote cottage industries in rural areas. To prohibit intoxicating drinks and drugs that are injurious to health. To preserve and improve the breeds of the cattle and prohibit slaughter of cows, calves and other milch and drought animals. Any other relevant point (Any two) 40. Fundamental Rights ensure the fullest physical, mental and moral 2 development of every citizen. They include those basic freedoms and conditions which alone can make life worth living. They are justiciable. OR  The Constitution allows minorities to establish and maintains educational institutions of their own. These rights ensure that minorities will be given assistance by the state in the preservation of their language and culture. The Ideal before the state is to preserve and propagate the composite culture of the country. 41.  Organisation of Gram Sabhas; 2  creation of a three-tier Panchayati Raj Structure at the Zila, Block and Village levels;  there should be reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes/ Scheduled Tribes in Panchayats, in proportion to their population, and for women in Panchayats up to one-third seats; Any other feature, (Any two) 42.  The basic function of the Speaker is to preside over the house and 2 conduct the meetings of the House in orderly manner.  All the Bills, reports, motions and resolutions are introduced with Speaker’s permission. OR The Parliament performs important financial functions. It is the custodian of the public money. It controls the entire purse of the Central Government. No money can be spent without its approval. This approval may be taken before the actual spending or in rare cases after the spending. The budget is approved by the Parliament every year. Any other relevant point (Any two) 43.  Disputes between the government of India on the one side and one or 2 more states on the other side.  Disputes between two or more states. (Write any two) OR The Supreme Court has concurrent right with the High Courts to issue directions, orders and writs for enforcement of fundamental rights. These are in the nature of the writs of Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto. These writs make the Supreme Court a protector and guarantor of fundamental rights. Any other relevant point 44. Sustainable development has been defined on meeting the needs of the 2 present generation without compromising the need of future generations. Any other relevant point (Any two) 45. Measures taken by government to check environmental pollution 2  Unleading Of Petrol  Ban On Harmful Pesticides  National Waste Management Council Any other relevant measure (explain any two) Optional Module 7A 46. United Nations Peacekeeping operations consist of impartial military and 2 civilian personnel from different countries working under the UN command. Their main job is to nonviolently stop the warring countries from fighting and help them observe the cease-fire agreement reached between them. Optional Module 7B 46.  To advise the government on all matters relating to the methods of 2 recruitment and norms to be followed in making appointments to civil services either directly or by promotion.  To advise on the suitability of candidates for appointment, promotion and transfer. 47. The bill that deals with the money matters i.e. imposition, abolition, 3 alteration of any tax or the regulation of the borrowing of money or giving of any guarantee by the Government of India or amendment of law with respect to any financial obligation undertaken by the Government of India or related to Consolidated Fund or Contingency Fund of India, is called a Money Bill. 48.  Indifferent Attitude: Generally, people like to keep themselves 3 away from political activities.  Illiteracy: Illiterate people have a limited knowledge and they do not understand the political problems.  Poverty: The poor are always isolated from politics. They do not  find time to devote their attention to public affairs. OR (a) Guide to the Government: Public opinion acts as the guide to the government in respect of policy formation. Government functions in general on the basis of mandate received in elections and tries to win over the masses to fulfil the promises made during elections. (b) Helping in Law Making: Government is always under pressure of public opinion and takes note of the same in formulating laws for the common good. (c) Acts as a Watchdog: Public opinion acts as a watchdog. It controls and checks the government from becoming irresponsible. While criticizing the wrong policies of the government, public opinion always keeps the government alert. (d) Protects the Rights & Liberties: Public opinion acts as the protector of rights and liberties of citizens. In a democratic country, people have the right to criticize or support the government in their own way. Any other relevant point (Any three) 49. Regionalism in India has assumed various forms like: (a) Demand for State 3 Autonomy: Regionalism has often led to the demand by states for greater autonomy from the center. Increasing interference by the Centre in the affairs of the states has led to regional feelings. Demand for autonomy has also been raised by regions within some states of the Indian federation. (b) Secession from the Union: This is a dangerous form of regionalism. It emerges when states demand separation from the Centre and try to establish an independent identity of their own. Any other relevant point 50.  Land air and water degradation 3  Population Growth  Urbanization  Industrialization OR The objective of India's National Environment policy  Conserve and develop safe, healthy, productive, and aesthetically  satisfying environment.  Upgrade, develop and manage rural and urban settlement to enhance the quality of life.  Plan development on sound ecological principles with environmental impact assessment and incorporating appropriate environmental safeguards.  Promote environmental safety-technologies, recycling of resources and utilization of wastes.  Conserve the biotic diversity in the country by creating nature reserves and sanctuaries for specific habitats such as mountains, rain forests, pastures, deserts, wet lands, lakes, beaches, mangroves, estuaries, lagoons and island. 51.  Preservation of national interest, achievement of world peace, 3 disarmament, independence for Afro-Asian nations  Important principles viz. Panchsheel; nonalignment  Anti-colonialism, anti-imperialism, anti-racism, and strengthening the UN. 52. India advocated adherence to five guiding principles known as Panchsheel 3 for the conduct of bilitral relations. It includes the following:  Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty.  Mutual non-aggression  Mutual non-interference in each other’s internal affairs  Equality and mutual benefit l Peaceful co-existence OR Since independence, India has consistently pursued the objective of global disarmament based on the principles of non-discrimination.  India has contributed to UN significantly on disarmament in terms of ideas, resolutions, initiatives and bridging differences through action plans.  In 1948, India had proposed limiting the use of atomic energy to peaceful purposes and elimination of nuclear weapons from national arsenals.  In 1950, India suggested formation of a UN Peace Fund created through peaceful reduction of arms and directing the amount thus released towards development purposes.   In 1954, India advocated the cause for a comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty.  India was the first to become party to partial Test Ban Treaty in 1963. Hence India strongly and consistents refused to join the Treaty.  In 1964, India took the initiative to place the item ‘non- proliferation of weapons’ on UN agenda. Any other relevant point 53. Gandhi argued for the devolution of economic powers. He advocated 5 following steps to decentralize economic power.  Self-reliant village economy  Promotion of village and small cottage industry.  Concept of swadeshi- use of goods produced locally/in our neighborhood.  Revival of indigenous industries.  Idea of trusteeship Any other relevant point (Any five) OR Marxism is the political philosophy of the working class as liberalism is the political philosophy of the capitalist class. It is a theory of social change. Marxism is based on certain assumptions/postulates. These are :  Nothing happens in the world on its own; there is always a cause - effect relationship in what we see around.  The real development is always the material development.  The material (i.e. economic) factor is the dominant factor in both individual life and social life.  Human being is born at a particular stage of social / material development, i.e., born in a social setting which exists independent of him.  Social classes, especially the opposing classes, through their  struggle and following the process of revolution, move in the forward direction. Any other relevant point (Any five) Optional Module 7A 54. Composition- 5 Security council has five permanent members and ten non permanent members. Objective of security council-  To maintain international peace and security  Makes appropriate recommendations in interest of peaceful settlement of disputes  Can impose sanctions on the erring member country.  Can impose biding sanctions to teach a lesson to the defaulter country.  Security Council can send soldiers of member countries to the troubled areas. Any other relevant point (Any five) Optional Module 7B 54. The following constitutional provisions are intended to make the 5 commission, both UPSC and SPSC, independent of any external influence:  Members are appointed for a fixed tenure of six years or until the attainment of sixty-five years of age in the case of UPSC, and sixty-two years in the case of SPSC.  The conditions of service of a member cannot be changed to his/her disadvantage during his tenure of office.  The removal of a member can take place by an order of the President on certain specific grounds in consultation of the  Supreme Court.  The expenses of the commission are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.  All regulations to be issued by the government excluding any matter from the purview of the commission will have to be laid before the Parliament or the state legislature for such modification as it may deem fit to make.  Further employment of any member is severely restricted. Any other relevant point (Any five)