DIASS - Social Work PDF

DIASS (POINTERS TO REVIEW) SOCIAL WORK – Social work is about helping people, and it involves using knowledge, values, and skills to solve problems and improve lives. It's like a combination of art and science, requiring both understanding people and using methods to find solutions. CO...

DIASS (POINTERS TO REVIEW) SOCIAL WORK – Social work is about helping people, and it involves using knowledge, values, and skills to solve problems and improve lives. It's like a combination of art and science, requiring both understanding people and using methods to find solutions. COUNSELING – Counselor: They are professionally trained individuals who help clients experiencing difficulties by engaging them in the counseling process. GOALS OF SOCIAL WORK CARING: Focuses on the well-being and comfort of individuals and communities. Aims to improve the quality of life, especially in challenging environments like prisons and nursing homes. CURING: Addresses problems in social functioning, aiming to treat and help people overcome difficulties. CHANGING: Involves social workers actively participating in social reforms, tackling issues like poverty, environmental destruction, and social disintegration. Strives for lasting social change and a more just and equitable society. SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK 1. Social Work as the Primary Discipline: Social workers directly address individual and family needs, including adoption services, foster care, residential care for children with behavioral challenges, in-home support services, child protective services, family counseling and education, and income maintenance programs. 2. Social Work as an Equal Partner: Social workers collaborate with other professionals to support individuals and communities. This includes helping older adults remain in their homes, providing support in long-term care facilities, and participating in community organization and planning initiatives. 3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline: Social workers contribute their expertise to various settings, offering counseling and support services in correctional facilities, industrial settings, healthcare, and schools to improve overall well-being and address social and psychological factors influencing outcomes. Areas of Specialization of Social Workers 1. Substance Misuse: Social workers help people with addiction, considering their whole lives, not just the addiction. 2. Aging: Social workers support older adults and their families with the challenges of  2. aging. 3. Child & Family: Social workers protect children and strengthen families to prevent problems. 4. Justice: Social workers help inmates in prisons adjust to life inside and outside. 5. Developmental Disabilities: Social workers help people with disabilities live full lives. 6. Employment: Social workers help employees deal with work-related problems to improve workplaces. 7. Healthcare: Social workers in hospitals help patients and families cope with illness. 8. Mental Health: Social workers diagnose and treat mental illnesses and advocate for their patients. 9. International: Social workers help people in need around the world. 10. Management: Social workers run social service agencies and manage resources. 11. Policy: Social workers create and improve laws to help people in need. CORE VALUES OF SOCIAL WORK 1. Values about People: Social work prioritizes respect for the inherent worth and dignity of each individual and the importance of strong human relationships. 2. Values about Society: Social work advocates for a just and equitable society that embraces democracy, social responsibility, inclusion, and gender equity. 3. Values about Professional Behavior: Social workers commit to service, social justice, integrity, and continuous competence in their professional practice. SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE PRINCIPLES 1. Acceptance: Social workers treat clients with respect and understanding, listening carefully and creating a safe space. 2. Self-determination: Clients have the right to make their own choices, and social workers help them make those choices, not control them. 3. Individuality: Every person is unique, and social workers value and accept differences without judgment. 4. Confidentiality: Clients have a right to privacy, and social workers protect their information. 5. Self-Awareness: Social workers understand their own beliefs and biases to avoid letting them affect their work with clients. 6. Collective Responsibility: Social workers encourage communities to respect each other's rights and work together to make things better. ROLES OF SOCIAL WORKER 1. Case Manager/Coordinator: Social workers in this role assess a client's needs, plan and coordinate services, and ensure the client receives those services on time. They act as a central point of contact for the client and service providers. 2. Broker: Social workers connect clients to the resources and services they need. They must have a strong understanding of community resources, their policies, and key  contacts. They also develop ways to track whether clients use those resources. 3. Counselor: Social workers provide guidance and support to clients, helping them solve problems and make important life decisions. 4. Educator: Social workers teach clients new skills and knowledge to help them address their issues. 5. Facilitator: Social workers lead group discussions and activities to help people connect and learn from each other. 6. Mediator: Social workers help resolve conflicts between different parties, finding solutions that work for everyone involved. 7. Mobilizer: Social workers gather and organize resources (people, materials, money) to help solve problems and meet the needs of their clients. 8. Advocate: Social workers speak up for their clients to ensure they receive fair treatment and access to resources. They may represent clients in accessing benefits or advocating for increased funding for vulnerable populations. SOCIAL WORK FUNCTIONS, ROLES, AND ACTIONS ETHICAL PRINCIPLES 1. Social workers' primary goal is to help people in need and to address social problems. 2. Social workers challenge social injustice 3. Social workers respect the inherent dignity and worth of the person. 4. Social workers recognize the central importance of human relationships.  5. Social workers behave in a trustworthy manner 6. Social workers practice within their areas of competence and develop and enhance their professional expertise. RIGHTS, RESPONSIBILITIES, AND ACCOUNTABILITIES ✓ The right to achieve professional mandates or what is asked for the social worker to do in order for the social worker to help the clients, general public and the society and live by its value. ✓ A social Worker must respect the clients. ✓ Social work responsibilities involves those situations that concern of its basic functions, professionals standards, roles, and adherence to the local and international code of ethics. ✓ It is accountable to the clients, general public and the society ✓ A Social Worker must not only entertain but also accommodate them by interviewing them and processing other necessary documents processing that the clients, general public, and the society submitted to the worker. COUNSELING THEORIES AND APPROACHES 1. Humanistic: People have the inner strength to solve their problems, and counselors help them find that strength. 2. Cognitive: Problems arise when people think in ways that don’t match reality, and counselors help them change those faulty thoughts. 3. Behavioral: People continue bad habits because their environment supports them, and counselors help them replace those habits with better ones. 4. Psychoanalytic: Unconscious issues from the past affect how people think and act today, and counselors help them become aware of these hidden influences. 5. Constructionist: People create their own understanding of the world, and counselors work with them to change negative perceptions into more positive ones. 6. Systemic: Individual behavior is influenced by social systems like family, and counselors help improve relationships within those systems. TYPES OF COUNSELING According to the number of Participants 1. Individual Counseling: A one-on-one session between a counselor and a client, often sought voluntarily or through referrals when someone is facing challenges. 2. Group Counseling: Multiple clients with similar concerns or goals meet together with a counselor for support and shared learning. 3. Multiple Counseling: Involves more than one counselor working with a client (individual, couple, or group), allowing for different perspectives and expertise. 4. Couple Counseling: Focuses on improving the relationship between two partners, addressing concerns specific to their dynamic. 5. Family Counseling: Involves family members working with a counselor to strengthen  5. relationships, address family-wide issues, or support individual members. According to the Nature of Concerns 1. Personal/Social Counseling: This type of counseling helps individuals address personal challenges, like stress, depression, and relationship issues, as well as social concerns like bullying and conflict with friends. 2. Academic/Educational Counseling: Also known as school counseling, this focuses on helping students develop their academic, career, and personal skills to succeed in school and beyond. 3. Career/Vocational/Occupational Counseling: This type of counseling assists clients in making informed decisions about their career paths, providing information and guidance to help them plan and succeed in the workforce. GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING ACT OF 2004 – They are professionals who use an “integrated approach to the development of a well- functioning individual primarily by helping him/her potentials to the fullest and plan his/ her future in accordance with his/her abilities, interests and needs”. COMPETENCIES OF A COUNSELOR 1. Knowledge: Counselor need a strong understanding of counseling theories and techniques gained through academic training to effectively address client needs. 2. Skills: Interpersonal skills and conceptual ability A. Interpersonal skills-refer to the capacity and proficiency of counselor to communicate or articulate well, listen effectively and observe nonverbal behaviors such as mannerism, body language, facial expressions, voice quality and ure of langarage. B. Conceptual ability-capacity of counselors to remember client information. (They should have advanced problemsolving skills.) 3. Attitudes: Counselors are expected to facilitate the establishment of a working alliance between them and their clients PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELING 1. Autonomy: Counselors respect clients' rights to make their own choices and decisions, as long as those choices don't harm anyone. Counselors should explain the counseling process and ensure clients agree to it without imposing their own values. 2. Beneficence: Counselors aim to do good for their clients and prevent harm. They should act in the clients' best interests and respond quickly when help is needed. 3. Fidelity: Counselors must be honest and keep their commitments. They should maintain confidentiality, as breaking it can damage the trust built during counseling. 4. Justice: Counselors should provide fair treatment to all clients, regardless of their background, including age, gender, race, or socioeconomic status. 5. Nonmaleficence: Counselors should avoid causing harm and ensure that their methods are safe and appropriate for clients. They must work within their own skills and expertise. CALLED OF ETHICS FOR GUIDANCE COUNSELOR 1. Respect for the personhood and integrity of the person. 2. Recognition of individual differences. 3. A commitment to promote the client’s well-being. 4. Responsible caring. 5. Integrity of practitioner-client relationship. 6. Fostering the practitioner’s professional growth. 7. Accomplishment and improvement of the profession. 8. Responsibility to the society. 9. Sensible regard for the ethical recognition of the social code and moral expectations of the community. 10. Relevant service to the community.