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# Questions and Answers about the Vertebral Column Here are the questions and answers related to the function of different parts of the vertebral column: **25. What is the unilateral action of the intervertebral muscles?** Lateral flexion of the vertebral column. **26. What is the bilateral acti...

# Questions and Answers about the Vertebral Column Here are the questions and answers related to the function of different parts of the vertebral column: **25. What is the unilateral action of the intervertebral muscles?** Lateral flexion of the vertebral column. **26. What is the bilateral action of the epaxial muscles?** Extension of the vertebral column. **27. What is the most distal joint the vertebral centrum acts on?** The sacroiliac joint. **28. What is the most distal joint the intervertebral disc acts on?** The sacroiliac joint. **29. Which joint of a vertebra does the intervertebral disc perform no action on?** The intervertebral disc does not act on the atlanto-occipital joint. **30. Which joint of a vertebra does the vertebral centrum perform no action on?** The vertebral centrum does not act on the atlanto-occipital joint. **31. Which movement can the anterior longitudinal ligament prevent/restrict/control?** The anterior longitudinal ligament prevents hyperextension of the vertebral column. **32. Which movement can the posterior longitudinal ligament prevent/restrict/control?** The posterior longitudinal ligament prevents hyperflexion of the vertebral column. **33. Which of the pinned muscles is most likely to be challenged by active/passive insufficiency during vertebral flexion?** The erector spinae muscles are most likely to be challenged. **34. Which of the pinned ligaments is most likely to be challenged by active/passive insufficiency during vertebral extension?** The anterior longitudinal ligament is most likely to be challenged. **35. Which muscles attach at the spinous processes of the developing vertebrae?** The multifidus, spinalis, and interspinales attach at the spinous processes.