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# Volcanoes and Water Cycle **Unit 2: Volcanoes** **Composite Volcanoes:** * Tall and thin * Explosive eruptions * Convergent boundaries **Shield Volcanoes:** * Sloped and broad * Least explosive eruptions * Divergent boundaries **Cinder Cone Volcanoes:** * Steep slopes with a crater * Ring o...

# Volcanoes and Water Cycle **Unit 2: Volcanoes** **Composite Volcanoes:** * Tall and thin * Explosive eruptions * Convergent boundaries **Shield Volcanoes:** * Sloped and broad * Least explosive eruptions * Divergent boundaries **Cinder Cone Volcanoes:** * Steep slopes with a crater * Ring of Fire **Parts of a Volcano:** * **Crater:** Opening at the top of a volcano * **Magma Chamber:** Underground pools of magma * **Hot Springs:** Warm water beneath the surface * **Pyroclastic Flow:** Heated gas and rock flowing down the volcano * **Ash Cloud:** Microscopic rock erupting into the air **Hydrosphere:** * Earth's water sources * Influences climate **Cryosphere:** * Frozen land and water **Evaporation:** Liquid to gas **Condensation:** Gas to liquid **Precipitation:** Rain, snow, hail **Transpiration:** Liquid to gas from plants **Earth's Water:** * 97% Ocean water * 3% Fresh water **Groundwater:** * Water beneath the surface * Aquifers: Rocky layers holding water * Recharge Zone: Water entering aquifers * Water Table: Natural water storage **Permeability:** Ability of rock to allow fluids to pass through. **Porosity:** Percentage of rock volume with spaces. **Limestone:** Rock formed from dead organic material **Water Treatment:** * **Potable Water:** Safe to drink * **Pathogens:** Organisms causing illness * **Effluent:** Treated wastewater * **Grey Water:** Shower/sink water **Processes involving Water:** * **Sublimation:** Solid to gas (ice to vapor) * **Solar Energy:** Sun's energy * **Groundwater Seeps:** Water flowing down into Earth **Other Notes:** * Volcanoes can influence the climate * Magma can melt during eruptions * Reservoirs are used to store water