Earth's Spheres and Plate Tectonics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which layer of the Earth is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates due to convection currents?

  • Crust
  • Mantle (correct)
  • Inner Core
  • Outer Core

What is the primary feature created when two oceanic plates collide?

  • Volcanic islands
  • Mountain ranges
  • Plateaus
  • Deep sea trenches (correct)

What type of plate boundary occurs when tectonic plates move apart from each other?

  • Subduction Zone
  • Convergent Boundary
  • Transform Boundary
  • Divergent Boundary (correct)

Which of the following best describes the lithosphere?

<p>The outer solid layer of the Earth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about seismic waves?

<p>They are vibrations that move through the Earth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs as a result of two continental plates colliding?

<p>Creation of high mountain ranges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the epicenter of an earthquake?

<p>The point on the surface directly above the focus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the outer core of the Earth?

<p>A liquid layer involved in Earth's magnetic field generation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Which type of volcano is characterized by explosive eruptions and found at convergent boundaries?

<p>Composite Volcano (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the warm water found beneath the surface that can contribute to the water cycle?

<p>Hot Springs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process of condensation in the water cycle?

<p>Gas to liquid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Earth's water is classified as fresh water?

<p>3% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that describes the ability of rock to allow fluids to pass through?

<p>Permeability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of composting in waste management?

<p>To break down biodegradable materials into nutrient-rich soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which atmospheric layer is closest to the Earth's surface?

<p>Troposphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the Competitive Exclusion Principle in ecology?

<p>One species will inevitably outcompete another for the same resources. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key characteristics of hazardous waste management?

<p>It requires careful handling and specific disposal methods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which soil type is characterized by a mixture of sand, silt, and clay for optimal fertility?

<p>Loam (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are tectonic plates?

The Earth's crust is divided into large pieces called tectonic plates.

What happens at divergent boundaries?

Plates moving apart create new crust.

What happens at convergent boundaries?

Plates colliding can result in the destruction of crust or the formation of mountains.

What happens at transform boundaries?

Plates sliding past each other cause friction and can create earthquakes.

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What drives tectonic plate movement?

Convection currents in the mantle cause the tectonic plates to move.

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What are seismic waves?

Vibrations that travel through the Earth, originating from the movement of tectonic plates.

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What is the epicenter of an earthquake?

The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.

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What are aftershocks?

Smaller earthquakes that occur after the main earthquake.

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Composite Volcanoes

Tall, conical volcanoes with explosive eruptions, often found at convergent plate boundaries, like the Pacific Ring of Fire.

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Shield Volcanoes

Large, broad volcanoes with gentle slopes and less explosive eruptions, typically located at divergent plate boundaries.

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Cinder Cone Volcanoes

Small, cone-shaped volcanoes with steep slopes and craters, often formed from explosive eruptions of lava fragments.

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Evaporation

The process where water changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, like steam rising from a boiling pot.

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Potable Water

Water that is safe for human consumption, typically treated to remove harmful contaminants.

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Waste Facility

A permanent waste disposal facility where waste is buried in the ground.

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Composting

The process of breaking down organic materials, like food scraps, into nutrient-rich compost.

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Niche

The role of a species in its ecosystem, including its interactions with other organisms and its environment.

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Atmosphere

A mixture of gases and solids that surrounds the Earth, protecting us from harmful radiation.

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Biodegradable materials

Materials that can be broken down naturally by decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi.

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Study Notes

Earth's Spheres

  • The geosphere is the solid part of Earth, including the crust, mantle, and core
  • The hydrosphere includes all the water on Earth, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and ice
  • The atmosphere is the air surrounding Earth
  • The biosphere contains all living things on Earth

Environmental Science

  • Earth's four spheres (geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere) interact to create environments
  • Humans impact these spheres through activities like agriculture, industry, and waste disposal

Plate Tectonics

  • Earth's lithosphere is broken into several tectonic plates
  • Plates move due to convection currents in the mantle
  • Divergent boundaries occur when plates move apart, creating new crust
  • Convergent boundaries occur when plates collide, creating mountains or trenches, and one plate subducts beneath the other
  • Transform boundaries occur when plates slide past each other, causing earthquakes
  • Plates create different features like mountains, valleys, and trenches

Earthquakes

  • Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates
  • Seismic waves are vibrations that travel through Earth, causing ground shaking
  • The epicenter of an earthquake is the point on the surface directly above the focus, where the earthquake originates
  • Triangulation is used to locate the epicenter of an earthquake, using the arrival times of seismic waves at different stations to find the location of the earthquake's origin.
  • Earthquakes can cause significant damage, including to buildings and infrastructure
  • Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes that follow a major earthquake.
  • Earthquakes can trigger landslides, tsunamis, and other hazards.

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Description

Test your knowledge of Earth's spheres, including the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Explore the interactions between these spheres and understand the fundamentals of plate tectonics and earthquakes. This quiz covers essential concepts in Environmental Science relevant to Earth's structure and processes.

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