Medical Terminology Lecture Notes (2023/2024) PDF

Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2023/2024) (2023/2024) (MD 202) Lecture No. (1) Medical ter...

Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2023/2024) (2023/2024) (MD 202) Lecture No. (1) Medical terms By Dr. Mustafa Mohsen Shokr Lecturer OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 1  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Lecture aim This lecture provides students with a foundational understanding of medical terminology, enabling them to effectively communicate within healthcare settings. Through the study of word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and abbreviations, students will develop the skills necessary to interpret, use, and apply medical language accurately in clinical, administrative, and academic contexts. This will also enhance students’ comprehension of medical documentation, facilitate professional communication, and support further studies in healthcare-related fields. 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 2  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Lecture competencies At the end of this lecture you should be able to: 1. Understand basic word structure 2. Pronounce and spell medical terms correctly 3. Comprehend medical abbreviations and acronyms 4. Apply medical terminology to body systems 5. Interpret diagnostic, procedural, and pharmacological terms 6. Utilize medical terminology in clinical and administrative settings 7. Recognize and use medical terminology in context 8. Enhance professional communication in healthcare 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 3  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Lecture contents Content Slide Definition of medical terminology 5 The anatomical position 6 Regions of human body 7 Anatomical terms 9 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 4  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Definition of Medical terminology Medical terminology is the specialized language used by healthcare professionals to ensure accurate communication regarding medical conditions, treatments, procedures, and anatomy. The history of medical terminology dates back to ancient times, evolving from Greek and Latin roots to modern usage in healthcare settings. When you learn the common prefixes, suffixes, and word roots, you have the tools to combine hundreds of medical terms. 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 5  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) The anatomical position The standard anatomical position is described as a person in the following orientation: 1. Standing upright and facing forward. 2. Head facing forward 3. Mouth closed with neutral facial expression. 4. Arms straight, hands held by the hips with palms facing forward. 5. Feet together and parallel, toes pointing forward. 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 6  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Regions of the human body A- Axial regions 1. The head: surrounds the brain. It includes the face. 2. The neck: the constriction following the head. 3. The trunk - The thorax, its wall surrounds the heart and the lungs. - The abdomen, separated from the thorax by the diaphragm. - The pelvis, the lower part of the trunk. 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 7  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) B- Appendicular regions 1. The upper limb: hangs at the sides of the thorax. It includes the shoulder, the arm, the forearm and the hand. 2. The lower limb includes the glute, the thigh, the leg and the foot. 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 8  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Anatomical terms These terms are used to describe the relations of the different structures and organs to each other. 1. Median (midline): the structure that lies at the midline of the body is a median structure e.g nose, sternum and vertebrae. 2. Medial and lateral: The structure that lies close to the midline is called medial and the structure that lies away from the midline is called lateral. 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 9  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2023/2024) (2023/2024) 3. Anterior and posterior: The structure that lies near to the front of the body is called anterior (e.g toward the abdomen) while that which lies away from the front of the body (toward the back or dorsum) is called posterior. 8 February 2025 [email protected] www.su.edu.eg www.su.edu.eg 10  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2023/2024) (2023/2024) 4. Superior and inferior: Superior = Upper (toward the upper part) Inferior = Lower (toward the lower part) 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 11  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2023/2024) (2023/2024) 5. Deep (internal) and superficial (external) : Superficial = External: Closer to the body surface (e.g., hair) Deep = Internal: Away from the body surface (e.g., bones) @Sinaiunieg 8 February 2025 [email protected] www.su.edu.eg www.su.edu.eg 12  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2023/2024) (2023/2024) 6. Palmar and dorsal (used for the hand) : The anterior surface of the hand is palmar while its posterior surface is dorsal. 7. Planter and dorsal (used for the foot): The surface that lies on the ground is planter while the surface that is directed upwards is dorsal. 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg www.su.edu.eg 13  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 8. Proximal and distal: These terms are used for the limbs to describe their structures relative to the trunk: - Structures close to the trunk are called proximal - Structures away from the trunk are called distal. Thus, the shoulder is proximal to the elbow, elbow is proximal to the wrist and wrist is distal to elbow. 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 14  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2023/2024) (2023/2024) Body positions The supine position: The body is lying on the back (face is directed upward). The prone position: The body is lying on the face (face is directed downward). 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 15  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Cavities of human body 1. Abdominal cavity, the largest cavity in the body divided into upper part called abdominal cavity and lower part called pelvic cavity. 2. Thoracic cavity, separated from the abdominal cavity by diaphragm. 3. Cranial cavity, the cavity of skull containing the brain. 8 February 2025 [email protected] www.su.edu.eg www.su.edu.eg 16  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2023/2024) (2023/2024) Lecture references 1. https://pce.sandiego.edu/what-is-medical-terminology-explanations-helpful-resources/ 2. https://www.sgu.edu/blog/medical/medical-terms-abbreviations-and-acronyms/ 8 February 2025 www.su.edu.eg 17