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# The Learning Sciences ## 10 Key Principles **Students are more motivated to learn** when they are interested, have a sense of autonomy, and understand the purpose behind what they are learning. **Learning is a process** that involves effort, mistakes, reflection, and refinement of strategies....

# The Learning Sciences ## 10 Key Principles **Students are more motivated to learn** when they are interested, have a sense of autonomy, and understand the purpose behind what they are learning. **Learning is a process** that involves effort, mistakes, reflection, and refinement of strategies. **Students' physical well-being** including nutrition, sleep, and exercise, impacts learning. **Thinking deeply** about the to-be-learned material helps students pay attention, build memories, and make meaning out of what they are learning. **Retrieval practice** strengthens memory and helps students flexibly apply what they learn. **Spacing out learning** and intertwining different content, strengthens learning. **Communicating high expectations** and keeping learners at the edge of their mastery helps each student reach their potential. **Students learn well** when they feel safe and connected. **Collaboration and social interaction** can be powerful learning experiences because they encourage deeper processing and engage the 'social brain'. **Encoding**: A structured process to store knowledge effectively. **Executive Functioning**: The brain's ability to concentrate and process knowledge actively. **Storage**: The area and mechanisms that maintain learned content. **Environment**: The surrounding space and elements, from space to temperature to lighting, can impact learning.