Fill-in-the-Blank Questions PDF

### **Fill-in-the-Blank Questions** 1. The ***\_\_*** is often referred to as the brain of the cell.\ **Answer:** nucleus 2. The nucleus is surrounded by a double-layered membrane called the ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** nuclear envelope 3. The outer layer of the nuclear envelope is whe...

### **Fill-in-the-Blank Questions** 1. The ***\_\_*** is often referred to as the brain of the cell.\ **Answer:** nucleus 2. The nucleus is surrounded by a double-layered membrane called the ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** nuclear envelope 3. The outer layer of the nuclear envelope is where many ***\_\_*** are found.\ **Answer:** ribosomes 4. The inner membrane of the nucleus contains a protein structure called ***\_\_***, which is important for cell division.\ **Answer:** lamins 5. The proteins that allow transport in and out of the nucleus are called ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** nuclear pores 6. The ***\_\_*** is the site of rRNA synthesis within the nucleus.\ **Answer:** nucleolus 7. The nucleolus combines rRNA with proteins to form ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** ribosomes 8. Chromatin is made up of DNA and ***\_\_*** proteins.\ **Answer:** histone 9. The two forms of chromatin are ***\_\_*** and heterochromatin.\ **Answer:** euchromatin 10. Euchromatin is the loose form of chromatin that is more involved in ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** gene expression 11. Heterochromatin is tightly packed chromatin found near the ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** nuclear envelope 12. The primary functions of the nucleus include DNA replication and ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** transcription 13. The process of making RNA from DNA is known as ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** transcription 14. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is called \"rough\" because it has ***\_\_*** on its surface.\ **Answer:** ribosomes 15. The rough ER is primarily involved in ***\_\_*** synthesis.\ **Answer:** protein 16. The process of translating mRNA into proteins occurs at the ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** ribosome 17. The rough ER plays a role in the ***\_\_*** of proteins.\ **Answer:** folding 18. The addition of sugar residues to proteins in the rough ER is called ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** glycosylation 19. After protein synthesis in the rough ER, proteins are packaged into ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** vesicles 20. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is primarily associated with ***\_\_*** synthesis.\ **Answer:** lipid 21. Enzymes in the smooth ER are involved in synthesizing fatty acids and ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** cholesterol 22. Cholesterol can be a precursor for steroid hormones like testosterone and ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** estrogen 23. The ***\_\_*** is responsible for processing and packaging proteins received from the rough ER.\ **Answer:** Golgi apparatus 24. The nucleus contains genetic material in the form of ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** DNA 25. The ***\_\_*** is an organelle that helps in the transport of proteins and lipids.\ **Answer:** endoplasmic reticulum 26. The primary role of ribosomes is to synthesize ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** proteins 27. The rough ER is involved in synthesizing proteins that will be either secreted or incorporated into ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** membranes 28. The inner membrane of the nuclear envelope interacts with ***\_\_***, which plays a role in cell division and structure.\ **Answer:** chromatin 29. The nuclear pores facilitate the transport of molecules between the ***\_\_*** and the cytoplasm.\ **Answer:** nucleus 30. The nucleolus is involved in the synthesis of ***\_\_***, which is crucial for ribosome production.\ **Answer:** rRNA 31. Heterochromatin is generally found closer to the ***\_\_*** of the nuclear envelope.\ **Answer:** inner membrane 32. The rough ER is the site where proteins destined for ***\_\_*** are synthesized.\ **Answer:** lysosomes 33. The folding of proteins in the rough ER is crucial for their ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** functionality 34. The smooth ER is important for the detoxification of drugs and ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** poisons 35. The nuclear envelope is composed of ***\_\_*** layers.\ **Answer:** two 36. The main function of the nuclear pores is to regulate the movement of substances in and out of the ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** nucleus 37. ***\_\_*** is the process of making more DNA from existing DNA.\ **Answer:** DNA replication 38. The rough ER helps in the modification of proteins through a process called ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** post-translational modification 39. Ribosomes can be found free in the ***\_\_*** or attached to the rough ER.\ **Answer:** cytoplasm 40. The smooth ER lacks ***\_\_*** on its surface, distinguishing it from the rough ER.\ **Answer:** ribosomes 41. The function of the ***\_\_*** is to synthesize lipids and metabolize carbohydrates.\ **Answer:** smooth endoplasmic reticulum 42. The nucleus controls the activities of the cell by regulating ***\_\_*** expression.\ **Answer:** gene 43. The ***\_\_*** is a dense structure within the nucleus that is important for rRNA synthesis.\ **Answer:** nucleolus 44. The rough ER is involved in the synthesis of proteins that will be secreted from the ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** cell 45. The ***\_\_*** is a network of membranes involved in the transport of materials throughout the cell.\ **Answer:** endoplasmic reticulum 46. The main role of chromatin is to package ***\_\_*** into a small volume to fit in the nucleus.\ **Answer:** DNA 47. The ***\_\_*** is responsible for the assembly of ribosomal subunits.\ **Answer:** nucleolus 48. The rough ER has ribosomes that give it a \"rough\" appearance, while the smooth ER does not have these ***\_\_***.\ **Answer:** ribosomes 49. The nucleolus is responsible for synthesizing ***\_\_***, which combines with proteins to form ribosomes.\ **Answer:** rRNA 50. The ***\_\_*** of the nucleus allows for the exchange of materials between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm.\ **Answer:** nuclear pores