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Here is the structured markdown format of the document: ## $K^+$ 3.5-5.0 "think heart" ### Hypokalemia * Poor dietary intake, * Excessive losses (n/v, suctioning), fluid compartment shifts (ECF to ICF) - * Concentration of $K^+$ in ECF $\downarrow$ * Kidneys excrete K+ by releasing aldost...

Here is the structured markdown format of the document: ## $K^+$ 3.5-5.0 "think heart" ### Hypokalemia * Poor dietary intake, * Excessive losses (n/v, suctioning), fluid compartment shifts (ECF to ICF) - * Concentration of $K^+$ in ECF $\downarrow$ * Kidneys excrete K+ by releasing aldosterone * Causes: EKG changes (flattened T waves) and muscle weakness ### Hyperkalemia * Metabolic acidosis $\rightarrow$ $K^+$ shifts from ICF to ECF * Cellular injury $\rightarrow$ $K^+$ shifts from ICF to ECF * DKA, * Potassium excretion $\rightarrow$ Impared excretion when kidneys not functioning properly * Results in ECG changes (tall peaked T waves) and deep tendon reflexes ## $Mg^{2+}$ 1.1-3 ### Hypomagnesemia * Poor intake and/or absorption * From GI tract, phytic acid, PPI, $Ca^{2+}$, phosphates and fats inhibit absorption and creature clearance $