CCTV System PDF

TLE/TVL Electrical Installation and Maintenance NCII Quarter 1 - Module 1: Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) System Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the TLE/TVL - Electrical Installation and Maintenance (EIM) NCII on Self-Directed Learning Material...

TLE/TVL Electrical Installation and Maintenance NCII Quarter 1 - Module 1: Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) System Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the TLE/TVL - Electrical Installation and Maintenance (EIM) NCII on Self-Directed Learning Material (SDLM) on Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) System! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. 2 For the learner: Welcome to the TLE/TVL - Electrical Installation and Maintenance (EIM) NCII Self-Directed Learning Material (SDLM) on Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) System! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. 3 At the end of this module you will also find: References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! 4  What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the lesson on the Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) System. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. This module contains information and learning activities for the communication and distribution system of the Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) system as required in the National Certificate (NC II) in Electrical Installation and Maintenance (EIM). After going through this module, you are expected to: ▪ Identify the parts of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) System ▪ Explain the purpose of CCTV System ▪ Illustrate schematic diagram of CCTV System What I Know Multiple Choice Read and analyze each statement. Write the letter of the best answer in a separate sheet of paper. 1. It is virtually the same as television but does not have the tuning circuits. a. video recorder c. monitor Screen b. coaxial cable d. movable Camera 2. This type of camera has a platform that can be controlled by remote control to locate any location. a. video recorder c. monitor Screen b. coaxial cable d. movable Camera 3. This is a part of the CCTV system that carries the video signal from the camera to the monitor. a. wire cables c. system hubs b. coaxial cable d. movable camera 5 4. It is the system that records video coming from the camera. a. video recorder c. system hubs b. coaxial cable d. movable camera 5. This device is intended to pick up “sound” close to the units at which it was aimed. a. dome camera c. coaxial cable b. microphone d. monitor screen 6. It is a type of camera that can catches clear video pictures even in the dark because of its extra sensitive imaging chips. a. dome camera c. day/night camera b. bullet camera d, varifocal Camera 7. It is a camera that can be moved left or right, up and down and even the lens can be zoomed nearer or farther. a. dome camera c. day/night camera b. zoom camera d, varifocal camera 8. It is one most common types of cameras used for indoor and outdoor security and surveillance. a. dome camera c. day/night camera b. zoom camera d. varifocal Camera 9. It is a long and cylindrical in shape camera perfect for outdoor purposes. a. dome camera c. day/night camera b. zoom camera d. bullet Camera 10. It is extraordinary compared to other types of cameras which has LEDs that encompassing the lens to help get moving figures in the pitch dark. a. dome camera c. infrared camera b. zoom camera d. bullet Camera 6  Lesson Closed Circuit Television 1 (CCTV) System This unit of competency “Procedure in installing closed-circuit television (CCTV) system” contains the knowledge, skills and attitudes required for Electrical Installation and Maintenance NC II course required to obtain the National Certificate (NC) level II. In this lesson, you will be able to prepare electrical materials and tools needed for the task, as required by TESDA Regulations. What’s In Arrange the scrambled words inside the parenthesis to form a word related to the CCTV system. Write your answer in your activity notebook. 1. (MARCAE) :________________________________ 2. (AXAOCIL) :________________________________ 3. (TOMINOR) :________________________________ 4. (NERSACN) :________________________________ 5. (PIMCORHNEO) :_______________________________ Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. 7  What’s New In the world that we live in today, the closed-circuit television (CCTV) system offers us a very high level of security in day to day life experience. Down from small business establishments up to big companies, small stores, malls, and even some homes; they are all equipped with tight security. For each kind of premises, this system is best suited for its perusal. People don’t have to be on the watch all the time as long as they have the CCTV system to keep on eye of everything. This offers the best kind of security out there. What is It Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) System By: Carl S. Young, in The Science and Technology of Counterterrorism, 2015 Introduction Closed-circuit Television is also known as CCTV is one of the most significant physical security controls to address terrorism and other security dangers. CCTV has an exceptional incentive device just to prevent a wide range of physical and electronic dangers. For instance, in the 2005 London Tube and transport bombings, CCTV was instrumental in distinguishing the planes not long after the occurrences happened. Although this is utilized to monitor screen to explicit circumstances progressively, particularly during emergencies or as incidents develop. It is unrealistic to expect that multiple CCTV cameras will be effectively checked for expanded periods. In principle, one could use the system logical innovation to specifically feature high-chance situations (e.g., "the package left behind"), to decrease human inclusion. Unfortunately, intelligent CCTV systems require controlled conditions to be compelling. Its framework comprises of essential parts that don't vary much from system-to-system. At a significant level, these incorporate a camera (with a lens), cabling, a digital video recorder (DVR) or network video recorder (NVR), and a video screen. Not at all like numerous other security systems that either detect or facilitate an occasion, it identifies and forms a progression of occasions, and its exhibition is attached to the perception of the user. A CCTV system is relatively pointless except if the imagery produced by the system is good enough to the watcher. Such fulfillment relies upon electronic and optical specifications at the part and system levels. It has various security applications. It essentially gives a minimal effort (compared to human monitoring) surveillance option that is additionally a visual record of events. 8 Applications for CCTV CCTV has numerous security applications. It primarily provides a low-cost (compared to human monitoring) surveillance option that is also a visual record of events. CCTV has a wide variety of applications including surveillance over the following: 1. Monitoring traffic control 2. School 3. Business premises 4. Monitoring employee of a production plant 5. Residential houses What do I need for a complete CCTV system? A CCTV framework will be based around a DVR or digital video recorder. CCTV cameras are associated with the DVR utilizing cables and there will be some subordinate things, for example, a power source for the cameras. Basic Components of CCTV System 1. The DVR or Digital Video Recorder The DVR is the core of the CCTV framework. It takes all the camera inputs, arranges them on screen for live review, and stores footage onto a hard drive for later purposes such as reviewing. DVRs record all the cameras regardless of what you are viewing live on your monitor. It is conceivable to see 1 camera at once or a few cameras in different combinations relying upon what number of channels the DVR supports. There are numerous DVR channels the four-channel, the 8 channel, the sixteen channel DVRs which are appropriate for 4, 8 or 16 cameras respectably. They can be consolidated, so two 16 channel DVRs could have a 32 camera CCTV system. DVR recorders additionally support remote access over the web. You have to connect this to your internet router. This should be possible either with a cable, a power bridge connector that utilizes your electrical wiring or a wireless network point. At that point any place you are on the planet you can see the live film from your cameras. 2.Cables The cable from the DVR to the camera completes 2 functions. It moves video from the camera back to the DVR and it supplies a 12-volt capacity to the camera. A video connection is using a BNC connector. If you are utilizing CAT5 cable then the BNC connector will be a part of the video process. The 12-volt power supply is associated with 5.5mm jack plugs. At the camera end, there is a DC plug, at the DVR end a DC socket into which the 12-volt power supply for the camera connects. Consequently, you would regularly find the camera power supply close to the DVR unit. The DVR will be provided with its 12-volt power supply. 9 3. Cameras The starting point for any CCTV system must be the camera. The camera creates a picture that will be transmitted to the control position. Apart from special designs, CCTV cameras are not fitted with a lens. The lens must be provided separately and screwed unto the front of the camera. There is a standard screw thread for CCTV cameras, although there are different types of lens mounts. Types of Camera A. Internal and External Dome Camera The dome camera is one most regularly utilized for indoor and outdoor security and surveillance. The state of the camera makes it hard for onlookers to tell what direction the camera is looking, which is a strong piece of design. Photo credit to Jerson L. Monredondo B. Bullet Camera Bullet cameras are long and cylindrical and are perfect for outdoor purposes. Their qualities lie specifically in applications that require long-distance seeing. Installed inside defensive casings, the cameras are protected against residue, dirt and other natural components. The cameras can easily be mounted with a mounting section, and come fitted with either fixed or varifocal lenses relying upon the necessities of its intended application. Photo credit to Jerson L. Monredondo 10 C. C-mount Camera Accompanying with detachable lenses, C-mount cameras take into account straightforward lens changes to fit various applications. C-mount cameras can cover distances past 40 ft. because of the possibility to utilize unique lenses with these cameras, though standard CCTV lenses can just cover distances of 35-40 ft. “Source: https://www.caughtoncamera.net/news/different-types-of-cctv/” D. Day/Night Camera Fit for working in both typical and poorly lit situations, these cameras benefit by not requiring inbuilt infrared illuminators as they can catch clear video pictures even in the dark thanks to their extra sensitive imaging chips. Thus, these cameras are perfect for outdoor surveillance applications in which IR cameras can't work ideally. “Source: https://www.caughtoncamera.net/news/different-types-of-cctv/” E. PTZ Pan Tilt & Zoom Camera PTZ – Pan/tilt/zoom – cameras permit the camera to be moved left or right (panning), up and down (tilting) and even permit the lens to be zoomed nearer or farther. These cameras are utilized in circumstances where a live guard is there working the security systems. “Source: https://www.caughtoncamera.net/news/different-types-of-cctv/” F. Thermal Image Cameras/Infrared Cameras Extraordinary compared to other 24-hour surveillance cameras around giving air terminals, seaports, boards, and numerous other critical infrastructures with quality pictures, regardless of what time of day it is. Infrared cameras have little LEDs encompassing the lens to help get moving figures in the pitch dark. Thermal picture cameras can see over long distances, up to 300 meters away. 11  “Source: https://www.caughtoncamera.net/news/different-types-of-cctv/” G. Varifocal Cameras With the capacity to zoom in and out without giving up its focus. Varifocal cameras permit you to change the central length, the angle and increase or decrease the zoom – perfect for acquiring film in a square room where you would typically encounter a ‘dead zone’ with any other option, fixed lens camera. “Source: https://www.caughtoncamera.net/news/different-types-of-cctv/” H. Network Cameras These cameras share the pictures over the web, so CCTV film can be easily accessed. Network cameras are perfect for both residential and business purposes since you can perceive what's happening while away from the property. “Source:https://www.caughtoncamera.net/news/different-types-of-cctv/” I. High Definition Cameras High Definition cameras have such a high resolution, that they're principally utilized in high hazard establishments, for example, banks and gambling clubs. This is to catch a decent picture of any individual who enters and exits to keep up high security and maximum safety. These cameras are extraordinary for spotting misconduct and permits the user to zoom in for additional clarity, should the recording need to be utilized in court. ” 12  4. Monitor A CCTV monitor looks like the same as a television receiver but that it does not have the tuning circuits. The picture created by the camera needs to be generated at the control position. Photo credit to Jerson L. Monredondo Some cameras are built with a microphone to pick up sound to the speaker monitor. The speaker will sound only through those selected cameras. The microphone, being in the camera, is used to pick up sound close to it and not at the area at which it was aimed. There was a noticeable, and sometimes annoying, pause between pictures when switching. This was because the camera was powered down when not selected and it took time for the tube to heat up again. 3 Factors you need to consider: 1. The correct lens This will guarantee that you get a quality picture. Picking the correct lens will permit your camera to focus and will bring enough light to the sensor on the camera, helping you to peruse registration plates and perceive faces, and so forth. Having more detail will help in all circumstances since it implies that you will have the option to see precisely what's going on and get an unmistakable record on film. A zoom lens can give customers more data because the optical zoom can alter the light as it gets at the sensor, enabling flexibility and improved pictures. 2. The correct sensor There are two things to be reminded when selecting the appropriate sensor: the type and size. These are: CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) CCD (charged coupled device) cameras CCD is more costly than CMOS and they produce a clearer image, perfect for recognizing faces and registration plates. 3. The correct output resolution The more pixels, the clearer the picture would be. The highest resolution one can get. It’s essential to match a resolution that your camera can yield, other more is non-essential. 13  Simple CCTV Systems Monitor Power Supply Dome Camera Coaxial Cable MONZ To DC Power Supply Diagram 1: A Basic Line Diagram of CCTV System (DC Power Supply) Coaxial Cable (DC Power Supply) AC Supply (DC Power Supply) MONZ (DC Power Supply Monitor with a video switcher Diagram 2: A Four-Channel Line Powered Monitor with Video Switcher Line CCTV System 14  Monitor AC Supply Dome Camera Coaxial Cable MONZ (to DC Power Supply) Digital Video Recorder Diagram 3: A Basic CCTV System with DVR (DC Power Supply) Coaxial Cable (DC Power Supply) MONITOR AC Supply (DC Power Supply) (DC Power Supply AC Power Supply DVR Diagram 4 A Four-channel Camera System With DVR 15  Systems with Video Recording (DC Power Supply) (DC Power Supply) MONITOR AC Supply (DC Power Supply) Coaxial Cable (DC Power Supply Ac Supply Video Switcher Out Video IN Video Out Video Switcher DVR Diagram 5: Multi-Camera CCTV System with Video Recorder Monitor AC Supply Movable Camera Coaxial Cable DVR Diagram 6: Basic Movable Camera System 16  Fixed Cameras Power Power Power Supply Supply Supply Movable Camera MONITOR AC Supply Movable camera Coaxial Cable Movable camera (DC Power Supply AC Supply Video Switcher Out Video IN Video Out MONZ Video Switch Controller DVR Diagram 7: Multiple CCTV Camera’s 17  What’s More A. Identify what is being described in the sentence. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. 1. It is virtually the same as television but does not have the tuning circuits. 2. This type of camera has a platform that can be controlled by remote control to locate any location. 3. This is a part of the CCTV system that carries the video signal from the camera to the monitor. 4. It is the system that records video coming from the camera. 5. This device is intended to pick up “sound” close to the units at which it was aimed. B. Enumeration. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Give at least three (3) main purposes of the CCTV camera. 1. 2. 3. What I Have Learned Fill in the blanks Supply the missing word in the sentence. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. 1. The starting point for any CCTV system must be the ____(1)_____. The camera creates the ____(2)_____ that will be transmitted to the _____(3)_____ position. Apart from special designs, CCTV cameras are not fitted with a lens. The ____(4)_____ must be provided separately and ___(5)____ unto the front of the camera. 2. The picture created by the needs to be _____(6)________ at the control position. A CCTV monitor is ____(7)______ the same as a television ____(8)_______ except that it does not have the _____(9)_______. 3. A coaxial cable ____(10)____ the video signal from the __(11)_____ to the ____(12)____. Although simple to install it should be born in __(13)____ that the installation must ___(14)______ with the relevant ___(15)_____ such as the Institute of Electrical Engineers latest edition. 18  What I Can Do Illustrate the line diagram of a Closed-Caption Television with “Two-channel Camera System with Video Switcher”. Use a clean bond paper. Rubric Criteria 5 3 1 Excellent Good Poor Neatness and Shows neatness Shows slightly Does not show the Creativity and creativity of the neatness and neatness and diagram creativity of the creativity of the diagram diagram Completeness of Components are Components are Some components components and complete with a complete but with a are missing and clear illustration clear illustration slightly clear the illustration is illustration not clear Promptness Students submitted Students submitted Students submitted on time/on the one day after the three days after the deadline deadline deadline 19