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## Types of Non-Probability Sampling: * **Convenience Sampling**: most common form of qualities sampling and occurs when people are invited to participate in the study because they are community available with regard to access, location, time and willingness. Simply includes the individuals who r...

## Types of Non-Probability Sampling: * **Convenience Sampling**: most common form of qualities sampling and occurs when people are invited to participate in the study because they are community available with regard to access, location, time and willingness. Simply includes the individuals who researchers fit. * **Convenience sampling could be**: * Getting an idea of people's attitudes and opinions * Running a test pilot for your survey * Generating hypotheses that can be tested in greater depth in future research * **What makes it bias**? * Since the researcher draws the sample based on convenience and not equal probability. * Very often, participants are offered monetary or other incentives to complete a survey. If a reward is their only motivation, they may give inaccurate or false answers. * Researchers are subjective in how they choose their participants (e.g., by stopping the passersby who appear friendliest). * **How to reduce this bias in convenience sampling**: * Describe in detail how you recruited your participants in the methodology section of your research paper to make your research reproducible and replicable. * Diversify your data collection by recruiting as many participants or cases as possible and use a sample size calculator to determine the appropriate sample size. * Avoid overstating your research findings. * Distribute your surveys at different days and times, and use different methods to gather data that would allow convenience sampling. * Advantages of convenience sampling: * Low-cost and easy, with subjects readily available. * In the absence of a sampling frame, convenience sampling allows researchers to gather data that would not have been possible otherwise. * **Disadvantages**: * Accuracy of the data and that important cases are not detected, leading to under coverage bias. * **Purposive Sampling**: a most common used sampling strategy in that participants are recruited according to generation, time periods or content. Conducting the research relies on their judgment to choose the members who will be part of the study. * **Advantages**: are helpful of purposive sampling, it's easier to generalize your sample the characteristic you are studying. * With the help of purposive sampling is that participants have the attributes * It is cost-effective and can produce substantial results in real-time. * Helps to avoid sampling errors. * **Disadvantage**: As the participants are aware that they are a part of research project bias is possible. * **Snowball Sampling**: * Occurs when researcher starts gathering information from 1 or a few people and then relies on these people to put the researcher in touch with other who may be friends, relatives, colleagues or other significant contacts. * Begins with one or more study participants. * A useful way to conduct research about people with specific traits who might otherwise be difficult to identify (e.g., people with a rare disease). * **Types of snowball sampling**