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# Characteristics of Human Evolution - **Hominini/Homininen:** Everything on the path to modern humans, more closely related to humans than chimpanzees. - **Oldest DNA:** DNA from 2 million years ago found in Greenland. - **Homo Genus:** Appeared during the Pleistocene epoch. - **Teeth:** Molars b...

# Characteristics of Human Evolution - **Hominini/Homininen:** Everything on the path to modern humans, more closely related to humans than chimpanzees. - **Oldest DNA:** DNA from 2 million years ago found in Greenland. - **Homo Genus:** Appeared during the Pleistocene epoch. - **Teeth:** Molars became smaller, parabolic tooth arches developed in the *Homo* genus. - **Earliest Representatives:** First members of the *Homo* genus emerged in Africa. - **Earliest Fossils:** Earliest modern human fossils discovered in Morocco (North Africa). # Alternative Evolutionary Theories 26. Alternative Evolutionary Theories? - Idealistic Morphology, Creationism, and Lysenkoism. ## Genetic Processes * **Mutations:** Spontaneous changes in the genetic material (DNA) that can create new traits. * **Gene Drift:** A random process causing a change in the frequency of traits within a population. * **Gene Flow:** The exchange of genes between different populations, potentially making traits more similar in both groups. * **Meiotic Drive:** A process where certain genes are preferentially passed on to offspring. * **Selection:** A process favoring traits advantageous in specific environments, which then become more common in a population.