African Countries and Capitals PDF
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This document provides a list of African countries and their capitals, along with a brief overview of the continent's physical features. It covers desert regions, plateaus, and mountain ranges. Suitable for geography studies at a secondary school level.
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**[UNIT -8 AFRICA]** **I. African Countries and their Capital:** +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **S. NO.** | **COUNTRY** | **CAPITAL** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 1....
**[UNIT -8 AFRICA]** **I. African Countries and their Capital:** +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **S. NO.** | **COUNTRY** | **CAPITAL** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 1. | Algeria | Algiers | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 2. | Angola | Luanda | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 3. | Cameroon | Yaounde | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 4. | Democratic Republic | Kinshasa | | | of Congo | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 5. | Chad | N'Djamena | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 6. | Egypt | Cairo | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 7. | Eritrea | Asmara | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 8. | Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 9. | Ghana | Accra | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 10. | Kenya | Nairobi | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 11. | Libya | Tripoli | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 12. | Madagascar | Antananarivo | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 13. | Mauritius | Port Louis | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 14. | Morocco | Rabat | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 15. | Mozambique | Maputo | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 16. | Namibia | Windhoek | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 17. | Nigeria | Abuja | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 18. | Senegal | Dakar | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 19. | Somalia | Mogadishu | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 20. | South Africa | Pretoria | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 21. | Sudan | Khartoum | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 22. | Tunisia | Tunis | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 23. | Uganda | Kampala | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 24. | Zambia | Lusaka | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 25. | Zimbabwe | Harare | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ **II. Answer in brief:** **6(h). Why is Egypt known as the Gift of Nile?** Egypt is known as the Gift of Nile because: It owed its survival to the annual flooding of Nile. It led to the creation of fertile land due to the deposition of silt. It resulted in the creation of Egyptian civilization. **[Important Points:]** **[Physical Features of Africa]** **[a. Desert Regions]** - Sahara Desert - Kalahari Desert - Namib desert **[b. Plateaus ]** - Africa on the whole is known as plateau continent. - Height of the plateau is greater in the south and decreases towards north. **[c. Mountains]** 1\. Fold mountains Old Fold Mountains - Cape Ranges Young Fold Mountains -- Atlas mountains 2\. Block Mountains -- Mount Rwenzori 3\. Ethiopian Highlands Mostly volcanic mountains Mount Kilimanjaro -- highest mountain in Africa -- volcanic peak -- covered with ice and snow Other mountains -- Mount Kenya, Mount Elgon and Mount Cameroon. 4\. Residual Mountains Example - Tibesti and Ahaggar plateaus **[d. Rift Valley]** Great Rift Valley of Africa -- From Red Sea in the North to River Zambezi in the South Lakes in the rift valley -- Lakes Rukwa, Lakes Tanganyika and Lake Nyasa **[e. Drainage]** - Nearly one-third of Africa has no direct drainage to the sea. - A majority of rivers of the region are characterised by rapids, waterfalls and deep gorges. \(i) River Nile \- originates in Lake Victoria. \- White Nile and Blue Nile are tributaries of River Nile. \- 6670 km long, the longest river in the world. -meets the Mediterranean Sea in Egypt. \- Nile Delta - is 250 km wide. - the river Nile has deposited huge quantities of silt and alluvium to form the fan-shaped Nile Delta. \(ii) River Zaire or Congo -- has many falls and rapids -- not fit for navigation -- Ubangi and Kasai are its tributaries. \(iii) River Zambezi -- Victoria Falls is on the river Zambezi \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
