East African Countries PDF

## East African Countries ### 1. Kenya - Location: East Africa, equator passes through it. - Borders: Uganda (west), Tanzania (south), Ethiopia (north), Somalia (north-east), Indian Ocean (east) - Area: 580,367 square kilometers - Terrain: Starts with coastal swamps, then a coastal plain, coral fo...

## East African Countries ### 1. Kenya - Location: East Africa, equator passes through it. - Borders: Uganda (west), Tanzania (south), Ethiopia (north), Somalia (north-east), Indian Ocean (east) - Area: 580,367 square kilometers - Terrain: Starts with coastal swamps, then a coastal plain, coral formations near the coast, elevated land towards west and north, the Kenyan plateau (higher in the west and south-west) - Major cities: Nairobi (capital), Mombasa, Takoro, Kisumu - People: Approximately 40 tribes including Kikuyu, Woo, Kama, Kisi, Mero, Turkana, Nandi, Masai, also Arabic minority (50,000 in 1988), Asian groups from India, Pakistan, Iran, and Europeans. - Religion: Most follow national beliefs, some follow Christianity (spread by missionaries), Somalis and Arabians follow Islam. - Languages: Many different dialects; Swahili is the official language along with English. - Divisions: 8 provinces - Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi, North-Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western - Economy: Agriculture (78% workforce), depends on rain and rivers, maize, cassava, bananas, rice, wheat planted in highlands, cash crops like coffee, tea, sugar-cane, sisal and cotton, coffee makes up a quarter of exports, animal husbandry (11 million cows, 9 million goats and sheep, camels), construction projects for electricity - Summary: Kenya is a diverse East African country with a varied geography, multiple tribal groups, and a focus on agriculture and animal husbandry. ### 2. Uganda - Location: Landlocked, equator passes through it, eastern central Africa - Borders: Sudan (north), Democratic Republic of Congo (west), Rwanda and Tanzania (south), Kenya (east) - Area: 241,139 square kilometers - Population: 20,317,000 in 1997 - Major cities: Kampala (capital), Jinja, Bujunga, Entebbe - People: Bantu tribes (Baganda 5% of population), Basoga, Banyankore, Bakiga, other smaller groups like Abagisu, Bapatholi, Bagobi, Nilotic tribes (the Ibunus and Karamoja), and Barii. - Religion: Mostly Christian (92.5%), Muslim (4.6%), other or none. - Economy: Agriculture is the main occupation, plantain trees around houses in the humid regions, bananas and other trees with plantains in western regions, cattle herders have enclosures of thorny hedges in humid areas, circular houses in the north, rectangular and square houses in the center and south, foreign trade crucial, imports are machineries and materials for industries and farming, as well as transport, tools and medical supplies, exports include coffee, tea, tobacco, copper, vegetable oils, and fish - Summary: Uganda is a landlocked country focused on agriculture with a diverse population and a mix of religious beliefs. ### 3. Rwanda - Location: Central Africa, south of the equator - Borders: Tanzania (east), Zaire (west), Burundi (south), Uganda (north) - Area: 26,338 square kilometers - Major cities: Kigali (capital), Utarra, Ruhengeri, Gisenyi - People: Hutu (80% of population - original Rwandan residents), Tutsi (10% of population - aristocratic group), Twa (a small percentage) - Religion: Christian (92.5% ), Muslim (4.6%), other or none - Economy: relies on agriculture and animal husbandry (92% of workforce), coffee, tea, tobacco, sugar cane, bananas, cattle, sheep, goats, tin is a major resource. - History: Formerly a part of German East Africa, Belgian mandate after WWI, independent 1962, century of tribal wars due to Belgian intervention in favor of Tutsi, leading to a violent conflict between Hutu and Tutsi - Summary: Rwanda is a small central African nation that has dealt with significant inter-tribal unrest, its economy is heavily reliant on agriculture. ### 4. Tanzania - Location: East Africa, union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar - Area: It was created after a massacre in Zanzibar in 1964. - History: Tanzania is a name for an old kingdom, Tanganyika and Zanzibar were once part of the Busaeed Sultanate (Oman), colonization by countries like England, Germany, and France, German and England agreed to split the region in 1886- Germany took Tanganyika, it was handed over to England after WWI and became a British mandate, independent in 1961, Zanzibar separated shortly after and was independent. - People: 120+ tribes, mostly Bantu (including Yao - over 1 million Muslims, and other groups like Ngindo, Bugoro, Zaramo, Shama, Tita, Hehe, and Gogo), Arabic groups have been active in coastal areas, Swahili speaking population (around 1 million), Asian Muslims (over 100,000), Arabs (over 100,000) - Religion: 85% Muslim, 15% Christians - Languages: Swahili, English, Bantu languages, Arabic in coastal areas - Population: 24,726,000 in 1988 - Summary: Tanzania is an East African nation formed of a union which has a complex history involving multiple foreign influences, and a diverse array of tribal groups. It has a significant Muslim population and uses Swahili as its main language.