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# Gesundheit **Definition:** WHO (World Health Organization) Health is complete physical, mental, and social well-being. **Explanation:** Complete physical, mental, and social well-being. If one of these aspects is disturbed, a person is essentially ill. A disturbance in one area often affects oth...

# Gesundheit **Definition:** WHO (World Health Organization) Health is complete physical, mental, and social well-being. **Explanation:** Complete physical, mental, and social well-being. If one of these aspects is disturbed, a person is essentially ill. A disturbance in one area often affects other areas. **Infectious Diseases:** Children most commonly contract infectious diseases. These are caused by: * Bacteria * Viruses * Parasites * Fungi ## 1. Bacteria Bacteria are "small animals" that inhabit everywhere, including in and on us. They are too small to see with the naked eye, requiring a microscope for detection. We use them for activities like: * Yogurt production * Sauerkraut production * Wastewater treatment plants * Biogas plants * Genetic pharmaceutical production Some bacteria can make us ill, while others spoil our food. The conditions bacteria need to live include: * Temperature range of 20-37°C * Moisture with a mineral content equivalent to a 0.9% saline solution * Organic material as a food source * Mostly oxygen (O2) * Neutral pH of 7 **Food Preservation Methods:** Humans use various methods to preserve food, which means they create conditions unfavorable for bacteria. These methods include: * **Freezing:** at -20°C, although ice can alter the consistency, making it softer. * **Refrigeration:** at +8°C * **Pickling:** or fermentation (e.g., using vinegar for pickles, salt for sauerkraut). * **Drying:** using methods like drying noodles, flour, and sugar. * **Smoking:** Salt draws moisture from food, aiding drying.