Week 2 Notes: Skin, Hair, and Nails Assessment PDF
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Fleming College
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Summary
This document covers week 2 notes on skin, hair, and nails assessment, including key anatomical concepts, history taking, color changes, and lesion identification. It also details the assessment process for these elements of the body.
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***Week 2 notes: Skin, Hair, and Nails Assessment*** ***Chapters 13*** Learning outcomes: Answers 1. Review the anatomical landmarks of the skin, hair and nails. a. The skin consists of three layers: i. The epidermis, which includes the basal and horny cell layers....
***Week 2 notes: Skin, Hair, and Nails Assessment*** ***Chapters 13*** Learning outcomes: Answers 1. Review the anatomical landmarks of the skin, hair and nails. a. The skin consists of three layers: i. The epidermis, which includes the basal and horny cell layers. ii. The dermis, which contains connective tissue, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and blood vessels. iii. The subcutaneous tissue, which houses fat, blood vessels, and nerves. b. Hair types include fine, faint vellus hair and darker, thicker terminal hair. c. Nails are hard keratin plates with visible parts such as the nail plate, lunula, and cuticle 2. Outline key history questions in performing a skin examination. d. Ask about previous skin diseases, changes in pigmentation or moles, dryness or moisture, itching, bruising, rashes, lesions, hair loss, or changes in nails. Questions about medications, environmental/occupational hazards, and sun protection habits are also essential. 3. State the significance of the skins widespread color change including differences between pallor, erythema, cyanosis, and jaundice. e. Pallor: Indicates reduced oxygenated hemoglobin, visible in anemia. f. Erythema: Suggests increased blood flow, as seen in fever or inflammation. g. Cyanosis: Reflects decreased oxygen in the blood. h. Jaundice: Indicates excess bilirubin, often associated with liver dysfunction 4. Identify malignant, non- malignant lesions and common lesions. i. Malignant lesions: Include melanoma and basal or squamous cell carcinoma. j. Non-malignant lesions: Such as freckles, skin tags, and seborrheic keratosis. k. Common lesions: Include macules, papules, pustules, and vascular lesions. 5. Explain and apply the pneumonic ABCDE for the danger signs in a skin assessment. l. A: Asymmetry m. B: Border irregularity n. C: Color variation o. D: Diameter greater than 6mm p. E: Evolution or changes over time 6. Assess and apply the skin, hair and nails assessment. q. Skin: Inspect for color, texture, lesions, and palpate for temperature and moisture. r. Hair: Assess texture, distribution, and scalp condition. s. Nails: Check for shape, color, and capillary refill. 7. Describe differences between the very young, older adult and healthy adult skin t. Very young: Thin, permeable, with underdeveloped temperature regulation. u. Healthy adults: Skin is thick, resilient, and sebaceous glands are active. v. Older adults: Skin becomes thin, less elastic, dry, and prone to injury due to loss of collagen, sweat glands, and vascularity.
