Technology and Livelihood Education (Carpentry) - Grade 7 - Technology and Livelihood Education (Carpentry) - Module 3 - PDF

7 Technology and Livelihood Education (CARPENTRY) Department of Education Republic of the Philippines Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7 Alternative Delivery Mode First Quarter – Module 3: Maintaining Tools and Equipment First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states...

7 Technology and Livelihood Education (CARPENTRY) Department of Education Republic of the Philippines Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7 Alternative Delivery Mode First Quarter – Module 3: Maintaining Tools and Equipment First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writers: Julimen A. Erojo Hurley Enguito Anselmo G. Cating Jr. Evaluators: Melchisedick Q. Bolanio Alexito L. Pancho Nilo G. Tubio Michael Joseph F. Boniao John Christopher A. Cuevas Mardy Lyn L. Tugahan Illustrator and Layout Julimen A. Erojo Artist: Management Team Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III Regional Director Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V Asst. Regional Director Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI Schools Division Superintendent Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD Members: Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief Joseph T. Boniao, EPS – EPP/TLE Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS Edwin V. Palma, PSDS Ray G. Salcedo, Principal II/District In-charge Avilla G. Taclob, Principal I/District In-charge Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Division of Misamis Occidental Office Address: Osilao St., Poblacion I, Oroquieta City, Misamis Occidental Contact Number: (088) 531-1872 / 0977 – 8062187 E-mail Address: [email protected] 2  7 TLE (Carpentry) Module 3-Week 3 Maintaining Tools and Equipment This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at action@ deped.gov.ph. We value your feedback and recommendations. Department of Education Republic of the Philippines Introductory Message 3  TABLE OF CONTENTS Introductory Message …………………………………..... i What I Need to Know ………......................................... 1 What I Know ………......................................... 1 Learning Outcome 1: Check Condition of Tools and Equipment Classification of Functional and Non-functional Tools ……. 5 Labelling Defective Tools…................................................... 6 Learning Outcome 2:Perform Basic Preventive Maintenance Servicing Defective Tools ………........................................... 8 Tools Maintenance Procedure ………………………………… 11 Types and Uses of Lubricants ………………………………… 12 What’s More ………......................................... 13 What I Have Learned ………......................................... 13 What I Can Do ………......................................... 14 Assessment ………......................................... 17 Additional Activities ………......................................... 19 Answer Key ………......................................... 21 References ………......................................... 22 4  Introductory Message For the Learner Welcome to the Carpentry 7 exploratory Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module 3 Maintaining Tools and Equipment! This module presents varied activities that help you understand how to maintain tools and equipment. We know that in order to produce a quality product you need also a well-maintained tools and equipment. A dull wooden plane cannot produce a smooth lumber. In other case also, dull tools can cause accident so proper maintenance should always be practiced regularly. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. In this portion, the new lesson will be What’s New introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. This comprises activities for independent What’s More practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. 5  What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will help i you transfer your new knowledge or skill in real-life situations or concerns. Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use your TLE notebook in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the directions carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in the module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! 6  What I Need to Know Maintaining tools and equipment is very necessary in carpentry in order to work more smoothly and effectively.It is a basic knowledge that every carpentry student should learn. We know that tools are very important in modifying the materials to create a useful project. Knowing how to maintain the sharpness of edge-cutting tools, tooth-cutting tools and other hand tools and equipment will help you understand the advantages of working with good tools like efficiency, accuracy, quality of work and speed of work. After working on this module, you will be able to: 1. Check the condition of tools and equipment. 2. Perform basic preventive maintenance. What I Know Before starting with this module, let us see what you already knew about identifying tools and materials in carpentry. Answer the following questions below. Directions: Read each of the following questions carefully. Then, write the letter of the correct answer on your TLE notebook. 1. What classification of tools can be used after a period of time? A. condemned B. functional C. non-functional D. repaired 2. What classification of tools is considered condemned? A. condemned B. functional C. non-functional D. to be repaired 3. What do you call to the process of putting a tag on a defective tool to avoid using it? A. labelling B. signing C. posting D. pricing 4. What is the process of checking the list of tools and equipment in the shop? 1  A. Inventory B. Labelling C. Requesting D. Tagging 5. What is the process of reshaping the cutting edge of a tool? A. grinding B. honing C. jointing D. whetting 6. What is the process of sharpening edge tools with water on a waterstone and oil in an oilstone using the coarse side? A. grinding B. honing C. jointing D. whetting 7. What is the process of sharpening edge cutting tools after whetting? A. grinding B. honing C. jointing D. whetting 8. What is done by running a flat file over the ends of saw teeth? A. filing B. honing C. jointing D. setting 9. What is the process of bending the teeth of the saw slightly outward? A. filing B. honing C. jointing D. setting 10. What is the actual sharpening of the teeth of a saw? A. filing B. honing C. jointing D. setting 11. What kind of tool is used in setting the teeth of asaw? A. file B. plier C. saw set D. wrench 12. What kind of tool is used in sharpening the teeth of a saw? A. file B. plier C. saw set D. wrench 13. What is a substance introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce friction? 2  A. alcohol B. lubricant C. sealant D. water 14. What is derived from wool grease and is safe alternative to the more common petro-chemical based lubricants? A. lanolin B. mineral oil C. vegetable oil D. water 15. What is used to encompass lubricating base oil derived from crude oil? A. Lanolin B. mineral oil C. vegetable oil D. water 3  Module Maintaining Tools and Equipment 3 What’s In Before we proceed to our lesson, tell me what kind of form is used when you would like to request tools and equipment? How will you accomplish it? Write your answers on your TLE notebook. What’s New Interview a carpenter in your locality. Ask the questions that follow, and write the answers on your TLE notebook. 1. What carpentry tools need to be sharpened frequently? 2. How do you sharpen your chisel/plane and crosscut saw? 3. Why do you always sharpen your chisel/plane and crosscut saw? What is It 4 Learning Outcome 1:Check condition of tools and equipment. 1.1 Segregate defective tools from functional ones. Classification of Functional /Non-functional Tools Tools when frequently used will become dull, rusted, worn out or even broken and damage. Preventive maintenance should always be practiced to achieve a high efficiency of service and prevent accident on the part of the user. After several use, tools should be classified whether functional (can be used for a period of time) or non-functional at all and to be condemned. Classification of Functional Non- Remarks tools functional 1. Guiding and Testing tools a. Try square Good condition b. Combination Good condition square c. Level bar Good condition d. Hose Level Good condition 2. Marking tools a. Chalk line Tangled string Repair b. Lead pencil c. Scratch awl Good condition 3. Measuring tools a. Zigzag rule Good condition b. Push-pull rule Broken spring Condemned b. Marking gauge Good condition 4. Holding tools a. Bar clamp Good condition b. Bench vise Good condition 5.Tooth cutting tools a. Cross cut saw Loosen screw Repair b. Rip saw Dull Sharpen c. Keyhole saw Dull Sharpen 6. Sharp-edge cutting tools a. Chisel Dull Sharpen b. Gouge Dull Sharpen 7. Rough Facing Tools 5  a. Hatchet Good condition b. Axe Good condition 8. Smooth Facing Tools a. Wooden plane Knick Grind b. Spoke shave Dull Sharpen 9. Boring Tools a. Auger Good condition b. Drill Good condition 10. Fastening Tools a. Claw hammer Broken handle Repair b. Screw driver Good condition 11. Sharpening Tools a. Oil stone Worn out Condemned b. Grind stone Worn out Condemned What’s More Activity 1.1: Self-Assessment Directions: On your TLE notebook, copy the table below. Then, give the appropriate remarks for the tools listed. Name of Tools Condition Remarks 1. Push-pull rule Broken spring 2. Cross cut saw Stick to the wood 3. Wooden plane Dull 4. Chisel Knick 5. Claw hammer Broken handle 1.2. Label defective tools. Labelling Defective Tools When carpentry works progress, it can’t be avoided that workers rushed in the tool room and get the tools needed. To avoid construction accident caused by damage tools, the tool keeper should place a label on the tools that are already assessed for damage indicating the name of the tool, the condition as well as the remark whether to be repaired or to be replaced with a new one. Tie the label on the tool so as to avoid exchanging. Make a report of tool damage. 6  Name of Tool: Push-pull rule Condition of Tool: Broken spring Remarks: To be condemned and replace with a new one Checked: Covido Quarantino Date: June 1, 2020 What’s More Activity 1.2: Self-Assessment Directions: Fill up the card for labelling the damage tool, and copy the accomplished card on your TLE notebook. Name of Tool: ______________________ Condition of Tool: ___________________ Remarks: __________________________ __________________________ Checked:________________________ Date: ______________________________ 1.3 Report the list of defective tools. Defective tools should be properly reported to the teacher for replacement or repair. The following table shows the list of tools that are defective. Tools Defect 1. Push-pull rule Broken spring 2. Cross cut saw Stick to the wood 7  3. Wooden plane Dull 4. Chisel Knick 5. Claw hammer Broken handle ___________________ ________________________ TOOL KEEPER SHOP TEACHER What’s More Activity 1.3 Self-Assessment Directions: Copy the table below on your TLE notebook, Then, write the possible defects of the tools on the second column. Tools Defect 1. Push-pull rule 2. Cross cut saw 3. Wooden plane 4. Chisel 5. Claw hammer Learning Outcome 2:Perform Basic Preventive Maintenance. 2.1. Repair defective tools. Servicing Defective Tools Defective tools can be repaired when necessary depending on the kind of damage, for example, a broken handle of a claw hammer can be replaced by a metal or wooden handle. Other broken tools which require accuracy like the guiding and testing tools should be replaced with part if available. Repairing of tools requires expertise. If you doubt, never attempt to repair them. Refer to tool manual or to a qualified person. 8  When chisel, spokeshave or the blade of the wooden plane hits a nail with worn- out edge and rounded edge, the following sharpening processes should be performed: 1. Grinding is a process of reshaping the cutting edge of a tool. It should be done through the use of electric bench grinder to remove the nicked and rounded edge. 2. Whetting is a process of sharpening edge tools with water on a waterstone and oil in an oilstone. It is done after grinding to remove irregularities of edge. It is performed by using the coarse side of the oil stone. 3. Honing is the process of sharpening edge cutting tools after whetting. To obtain a keener cutting edge, honing should be done through the use of the fine side of the water stone. Saws that have curved teeth can be ground and filed. The following sharpening processes should be performed: 9 1. Jointing is done by running a flat file over the ends of saw teeth. This process is performed only when the teeth of the saw have been damaged by abuse or worn out uneven. The saw is clamped in a bench vise. 2. Setting is the process of bending the teeth of the saw slightly outward. It is commonly done by means of a small tool called saw set which is used in springing over the upper part of each tooth one to the right, the next to the left. 3. Filing is the actual sharpening of the teeth of a saw by the use of a triangularslim taper file. What’s More 10 Activity 2.1: Self-Assessment Directions: On your TLE notebook, copy the items that follow. Then, identify what is being referred to in each of the following items. Write your answer on the space provided before each number. _________1. It is a process of reshaping the cutting edge of a tool to remove the nick. ________ 2. The process of sharpening edge tools with water on a waterstone and oil in an oilstone. It uses the coarse side of the oilstone. ________ 3. It is a kind of tool used in setting the teeth of a saw. ________ 4. It is done by running a flat file over the ends of saw teeth. ________ 5. It is the actual sharpening of the teeth of a saw by the use of a triangular slim taper file. 2.2. Conduct preventive maintenance of carpentry tools. Tools Maintenance Procedure Tools will last longer when properly kept and maintained. A good carpenter keeps and cares for his tool. The following are some pointers to follow in keeping tools in good condition. 1. Be sure to inspect tools before using them. This is to check if they are working in good condition. 2. After using a tool, clean it thoroughly with a damp cloth before keeping it in the tool box. To avoid rusting make sure that the tool has been thoroughly dried before storing it. 3. Oil the metal parts of a tool to prevent rust formation. What’s More Activity 2.2: Self-Assessment 11 Directions: Answer the question that follows on your TLE notebook. 1. What are the procedures in maintaining tools and equipment? Types and Uses of Lubricants A lubricant is a substance (often liquid) introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce friction and wear between them. A lubricant provides a protective film which allows for two toughing surfaces to be separated and “smoothed”, thus, lessening the friction between the surfaces. Lubricant chemically interacts with all surfaces so that contact only occurs with the smooth and free lubricant. By this process, abrasive particles are dissolved into lubricant, thus, making them also very good solvents and cleaners. TYPES OF LUBRICANTS 1. Liquid including emulsions and suspensions 2. Solid 3. Greases 4. Pastes 1. Liquid Lubricants - Lanolin is a natural water repellent. It is derived from wool grease and is safe alternative to the more common petro-chemical based lubricants. These lubricants are also corrosion inhibitors protecting against rust, salt and acids. 2. Water - Water can also be used on its own or as a major component with one of the other base oils. 3. Mineral Oil - This is used to encompass lubricating base oil derived from crude oil. 4. Vegetable Oil - This is primarily triglyceride oil derived from plants and animals. Purposes of Lubricating Lubricating performs the following functions: 1. Keep moving part apart 2. Reduce friction 12  3. Transfer heat 4. Carry Away contaminants and debris 5. Transmit power 6. Protect against wear 7. Prevent corrosion What’s More Activity 2.3: Self-Assessment Directions: On your TLE notebook, copy the statements that follow. Then, identify what is being referred to in each statement. Write your answer on the space provided before each number. ________________ 1. It is a substance introduced between two moving parts to reduce friction. ________________ 2. It is a natural water repellant derived from wool grease. ________________ 3. It can also be used on its own as a major component with one of the other base oil. ________________ 4. It is used to encompass lubricating base derived from crude oil. ________________ 5. These are primarily triglycerides derived from plants and animals. What I Have Learned _________, _________, and ________ are the three processes involved in sharpening edge-cutting tools.__________, __________ and __________ are the three processes in sharpening tooth cutting tools. What I Can Do Performance Task 1: Conduct Preventive Maintenance of Carpentry Tools and Equipment 13 Directions: Perform the operations of the following tools and equipment. Refer to the rubric below for scoring. 1. Sharp-edge Properly Done Not Properly Undone Done cutting tools Chisel, Spoke (3 points) (2 points) (1 point) shave, Plane 1. Grinding Edge is Edge is Edge is reshaped reshaped but improperly evenly. not evenly. reshaped. 2. Whetting Edge is properly Edge is Edge is dull. sharpened. sharpened but not sharp. 3. Honing Edge is properly Edge is Edge is dull. sharpened. sharpened but not sharp. 4. Oiling Tool is properly Tool is not Tool is wiped but wiped and oiled. properly wiped not oiled. and oiled. 5. Check operation It produces a It doesn’t Unable to cut on smooth cut on produce a wood. wood. smooth cut on wood. 2. Tooth-cutting Properly Done Not Properly Undone Done tools (3 points) (2 points) (1 point) 14  Cross cut saw, Rip saw, Keyhole saw 1. Jointing Teeth were Teeth were Teeth were not properly straight. straight but not properly straight. properly. 2. Setting Teeth were Teeth were set Teeth were not uniformly set. but not uniformly set. uniformly. 3. Filing Teeth were Teeth were filed Teeth were not properly filed. but not properly. properly filed. 4. Oiling Tool is properly Tool is not Tool is wiped but wiped and oiled. properly wiped not oiled. and oiled. 5. Check operation It produces a It will not stick on It is unable to cut straight cut that wood but it on wood. will not stick on doesn’t produce wood. a straight cut. 3. Power tools Properly Done Not Properly Undone Done Portable Electric planer (3 points) (2 points) (1 point) 15 1. Whetting Edge is properly Edge is Edge is dull. sharpened. sharpened but not sharp. 2. Honing Edge is properly Edge is Edge is dull. sharpened. sharpened but not sharp. 3. Proper setting of Blades were Blades were set Blades were not blade properly set and and tightened properly set and tightened. but not properly. tightened. 4. Inspect electrical Electrical Electrical Electrical connection, carbon connection, connection, connection, brush and bearing. carbon brush and carbon brush carbon brush and bearing were and bearing bearing were not thoroughly were checked checked. checked. but not thoroughly. 5. Check operation. It produces a It doesn’t It is unable to cut smooth cut on produce a on wood. wood. smooth cut on wood. Assessment 16  Now that you are finished accomplishing the module, let us check what you have learned. Direction: Read each of the following questions carefully, and write the letter of the correct answer on your TLE notebook. 1. Which of the following tools is used in sharpening tooth cutting tools? A. electric grinder B. oilstone C. sandpaper D. triangular slim taper file 2. Which of the following is the correct procedure in sharpening edge- cutting tools? A. grinding - honing- whetting B. grinding - whetting- honing C. honing- whetting- grinding D. whetting- honing-grinding 3. What is the classification of tools that are condemned? A. functional B. non-functional C. to be repaired D. to be replaced 4. What do you call to a liquid substance introduced between two moving parts to reduce friction and wear? A. glue B. lubricant C. sealant D. water 5. What is the process of reshaping cutting edge of a plane or chisel to remove the nick? A. filing B. Grinding C. jointing D. whetting 6. What kind of tool is used in setting the teeth of a saw? A. plier B. saw set C. triangular slim taper file D. wrench 7. Which of the following types of lubricants is commonly applied to hand tools to prevent rust formation? A. grease B. mineral oil C. solvent D. vegetable oil 8. Why is it important to introduce a lubricant between two moving parts? A. to reduce friction 17  B. to stick the bearings C. to improve heat emission D. to minimize smooth rotation 9. What kind of tool is used in sharpening edge-cutting tools? A. electric grinder B. oilstone C. saw set D. triangular slim taper file 10. Which of the following is the correct procedure in sharpening tooth cutting tools? A. filing - setting - jointing B. jointing – honing - setting C. jointing – setting - filing D. setting - filing - jointing 11. What kind of lubricant is used to encompass lubricating base oil derived from crude oil? A.. Grease B. Lanolin C. Mineral oil D. Vegetable oil 12. What is primarily triglyceride oil derived from plants and animals? A. Grease B. Lanolin C. Vegetable oil D. water 13. Why is it important to regularly clean and apply oil on a saw after using? To… A. minimize corrosion B. prevent rust formation C. keep the blade shinny D. preserve the sharpness of a saw 14. Which of the following types of lubricant is derived from wool grease and is safe alternative to the more common petro-chemical based lubricants? A. Grease B. Lanolin C. Vegetable oil D. water 15. What may be the reason for always keeping the surface of water stoneplain before sharpening edge-cutting tools? To… A. prevent early breakage of the water stone B. establish plain surface on the edge of the tool C. establish balance on the surface area of a water stone D. minimize unnecessary movement of water stone while sharpening Additional Activities 18  Practice sharpening edge-cutting tools like knife, bolo and scythe at home. Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 3. Please proceed to Module 4,and learn about Selecting Measuring Instruments. Answer Key 19 20 21  References BOOKS Department of Education, "Competency-Based Learning Module, Building Construction NC I, 2008. Fajardo Max B. Jr, "Simplified Methods on Building Construction, 2000. Nielsen Thomas Lie, Sharpening. The Taunton Press, 2004. Improvement Clipart Group, Netclipart. Accessed May 18, 2020. https://www.netclipart.com/isee/oTTThm_home-improvement-clipart- group-carpenter-vector/ For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang Cagayan de Oro City, 9000 Telefax: (088) 880 7072 E-mail Address: [email protected] 22