Q2_PEH PDF - Physical Education and Health Past Paper

PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 Amihan when he came to conquer the Philippines in...

PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 Amihan when he came to conquer the Philippines in 1521. RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR FESTIVALS IN ‘Sinulog’ is derived from the Cebuano THE PHILIPPINES adverb ‘sulog’, which roughly translates to “like water current movement”—the inspiration for the festival’s famous two FESTIVAL steps forward, one step backward dance - These are cultural dances performed to While recent years have made Sinulog the strong beats of percussion more notorious for its street parties, there instruments by the community of people are still millions of devotees who make sharing the same culture and are usually the pilgrimage to the Basilica Minore del done in honor of a patron saint, to Santo Niño, the oldest Roman Catholic remember an important historical church in the country, built on the spot person, or in thanksgiving of a bountiful where the statuette of the Child Jesus harvest. was found by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi in - Festival dances draw people’s culture by 1565 portraying their way of life through movements, costumes, and implements ATI-ATIHAN FESTIVAL what is inherent to their place of origin Place of Origin: Kalibo, Aklan Religious Figure: Sto. Niño FILIPINOS DO FESTIVALS… Celebrated every third Sunday of January to celebrate unity amidst the diversity of Known as The Mother of All Philippine cultures Festivals, the Ati Atihan serves as the to celebrate the industry that brings a inspiration behind Cebu’s Sinulog and bountiful harvest Iloilo’s Dinagyang, among many other festivals in the country. While it is also in WE BENEFIT FROM IT BECAUSE… honor of the Santo Niño, its origins are It helps uplift and elevate the more pagan in nature, dating some 800 community’s economy and our.quality years ago. The festival’s name means ‘to of life be like the Atis’—the Aetas, the through tourism and entertainment dark-skinned indigenous people who are value said to be the first settlers in the Philippines. Initially a celebration of unity between the Aetas and Malay chieftains IMPORTANT NOTES OF THE WELL who fled from Borneo to settle in the KNOWN RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS IN Panay Islands. The Spanish conquerors THE PHILIPPINES later integrated Catholicism into the festival SINULOG FESTIVAL At present, people who attend Ati-Atihan Place of Origin: Cebu City will encounter street dancers donning Religious Figure: Sto. Niño vibrant colorful costumes, contrasting Celebrated every third Sunday of January with blackened faces. The festival is also The grandest festival of the country is famed for snake dancing, in which easily Cebu’s Sinulog Festival, which people hold on to each other to weave honors the Señor Santo Niño or the Child through the crowd in a snake-like fashion Jesus, an image of which was a gift from the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan to Raja Humabon and Hara PAGE 1 @chapelavenice – @kdmeaxx – @dhani_yucah – @ennomicawell  PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 DINAGYANG FESTIVAL Colonial records attest to the celebration Place of Origin: Iloilo City of these feast days consecutively during Religious Figure: Sto. Niño the Spanish colonial period. Celebrated every fourth Sunday of The fertility dance is likely a Christianized January version of a pre Christian fertility The Dinagyang Festival, the name of celebration called kasilonawan, where which comes from the Ilonggo term local babaylans (dancers) danced as an ‘dagyang’ meaning ‘merrymaking’, is offering to the deities of nature. heavily influenced by Sinulog and Spaniards introduced Christianity in part Ati-Atihan, and borrows elements from by substituting Christian saints for these the two festivals. deities, with Santa Clara taking on the A little more modern than its inspirations, role of preventing and curing infertility Dinagyang began in the 1960s, when a replica of the Señor Santo Niño was first LONGANISA FESTIVAL brought in from Cebu, much to the Place of Origin: Vigan City, Ilocos Sur devotion of the Ilonggos. The anniversary Religious Figure: Saint Paul of this day became a yearly celebration, Celebrated every 25th day of January which eventually incorporated It became a traditional cultural festival dramatized interpretations of the Aetas’ that are being celebrated by the welcome of the chieftains from Borneo Biguenos every 25th day of January. And Today, Dinagyang Festival has become there are about thousands of locals and popular in its own right as a religious and foreign visitors that usually attend the cultural celebration with three main event. Just like other festival celebrations, events: A fluvial procession that takes the there are street dancing and other Child Jesus from the Iloilo River to the various activities (such as food fairs, San Jose Parish Church, a Kasadyahan carnivals and arts & crafts exhibits) that Festival noted for its street dancing help promote Vigan's longganisa contest, and the Ati-Atihan competition, product where dancers with blackened faces also Along with the celebration of Vigan's perform traditional, interpretative dances longganisa, the event is also to honor the conversion of St. Paul the Apostle (Vigan OBANDO FEAST OF THE THREE SAINTS City's own patron saint). Before his AND FERTILITY DANCE conversion, he was known as "Saul" and Place of Origin: Obando, Bulacan was a zealous persecutor of Christians. At Religious Figure: San Pascual Baylon, the time when he was on his way to Santa Clara, and Our Lady of Salambáo Damascus, Saul had a personal Celebrated every 17th – 19th of May encounter with Jesus Christ. His The origins of the feast are uncertain. encounter changed him a lot where he Obando has been the “town of three had endured countless challenges in saints” since early in its history. spreading the word of God. Other than San Pascual Baylon and Santa Clara, that, he also changed his name into reflect the influence of Franciscans in the "Paul" area even before the parish’s foundation Moreover, the Vigan Longganisa Festival in 1753. usually last for several days. Within these Our Lady of Salambáo, recalls an image period of celebration is also the of the Virgin said to have been anniversary of the cityhood of Vigan discovered in 1763 in nearby waters and which is commemorated on the 27th of enshrined in the Obando church. January PAGE @chapelavenice – @kdmeaxx – @dhani_yucah – @ennomicawell 2  PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 provide agricultural needs, both in the international and domestic trade IMPORTANT NOTES OF THE WELL industries. KNOWN SECULAR FESTIVALS IN THE This festival is also renowned for the PHILIPPINES marvelous and colorful display of scarecrows across the entire festival. BANGUS FESTIVAL Even mascots use the scarecrow Place of Origin: Dagupan, Pangasinan costume. However, it’s not just for fun or Industry: Bangus something that is used because it can be 10-day celebration held every April seen in crop fields. It has a deeper Bangus Festival is celebrated annually in meaning into it where it symbolizes or Dagupan City in Pangasinan, which is signifies different farmer’s traits such as known as the Bangus Capital of the endurance, resoluteness, and diligent Philippines. spirit The festival features the ever-famous bangusine (bangus cuisine) which is the PANAGBENGA FESTIVAL main highlight of the event, street Place of Origin: Baguio dancing where locals wear a colorful Industry: Flower Bangus Festival costume, bangus Celebration starts on February 1 and grilling, deboning, variety shows, trade closes on the second week of March fairs, beauty pageants, sports fest, The Panagbenga started with just an cooking show, medical mission, visual idea that Baguio City should, like other arts, band concerts, sports activities, dog towns and cities in the Philippines, have show, fluvial parade, drum and lyre its own "fiesta" or festival celebration. parade, and street party. Having been created a city by the You can trace the Bangus Festival history Americans during their occupation of the back to 2002 when it all started. It was Philippines, Baguio did not start as a then-Mayor Benjamin Lim who initiated town during the Spanish colonial period this kind of festival to promote that had a patron saint with a feast day Dagupan’s most precious gem, bangus In 1995 when Atty. Damaso E. Bangaoet, or milkfish. And one year later, they were Jr., proposed the idea of organizing a recognized Kalutan ed Dagupan by the flower festival to be held in February to Guinness Book of World Records as the the directors of the John Hay Poro Point Longest Barbecue of the World Development Corporation, his suggestion received their immediate BAMBANTI FESTIVAL approval. Place of Origin: Isabela Thereafter the idea was presented to the Industry: Scarecrow different sectors of Baguio society and Celebration every fourth week of January their response, also warm and The festival started and got immediate, eventually grew as a institutionalized around the early months wellspring of community support of 1997. It was made to celebrate and A few years later the Baguio Flower represent over 34 municipalities in the Festival Foundation Inc. (BFFFI) was City of Isabela that have been one of the organized to manage the festival. few with rich agricultural history. The Panagbenga has always received It is also to remember that the huge media coverage because of the Philippines, up to this date, belongs to instantaneous popularity it has enjoyed the few countries that could greatly from the very beginning. PAGE @chapelavenice – @kdmeaxx – @dhani_yucah – @ennomicawell 3  PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 Every year, visitors are treated to a display There are two tragic and unfortunate of the strength of the local community events that led to the birth of the sprit as the residents stage the hottest Masskara festival. show in the coolest city in the Philippines The first began in the year 1980 when one of the top sources of income of the IBON-EBON FESTIVAL province, which is sugar cane, had a crisis Place of Origin: Candaba, Pampanga regarding price. Low price for the past Industry: Migratory Birds and Egg months affected the way of living and Month of Celebration: February 1 and 2 the economy of the province. It was the Ibon-Ebon Festival, also called “Birds and result of the introduction of the other Eggs Festival,” is a celebration held substitute for sugar brought by the during the first and second days of Americans, the high fructose corn syrup. February in Candaba, Pampanga. It was Indeed, the total effect of this economic first celebrated on February 1 and 2 in crisis was felt by all people in the 1998 and has been running successfully province regardless of which walks of life up to now. they came from This festival is also a celebration for The second event was the accident of the another year of bountiful harvest. The MV Don Juan vessel coming from Manila main features of the festival are the going to Bacolod. The ship collided with migratory birds. These wandering birds another boat, and that caused the not just promotes Candaba but also sinking of the ship which happens to advocates tourism in the Philippines carry a lot of Negrenses, with This festivity is dedicated to the famous approximately 750 casualties including Candaba Swamp that serves as a home the different prominent families of the of almost 14,000 kinds of nomadic birds City of Bacolod. It was an event that the belonging to over 40 avian species. They left a scar on the people of Bacolod gather each year in the swamp as a because, in an instant, people they love stopover before continuing their travel to and care about were taken from them the different parts of the world. This Amidst the tragedies that the province natural bird haven in the Philippines is was facing, the government leaders one of the top tourist destinations, headed by late Mayor Jose Montalvo especially for bird lovers. During the came up with the idea of organizing the migratory season, bird watchers flock the Masskara Festival which stands for the Candaba Swamp just in time for the “City of Smiles.” This served as a light of multitude ofbirds landing in the area hope to the entire province despite the tragedies, that no matter what crisis or MASSKARA FESTIVAL disaster they will face, all will be well for Place of Origin: Bacolod City as long as they have the smiles rooted in Industry: Mask profound hope and faith. Month of Celebration: fourth Sunday of For the following years after that and October until the present times, the Masskara The famous festival happening every Festival had continuously shown us what fourth Sunday of October is one of the they are capable of greatest pride of Bacolod City. Performers wear colorful costumes in the BUHAYANI FESTIVAL dance parade, street dance and all other Place of Origin: Calamba City, Laguna activities. Deep within the roots of its Hero: Dr. Jose P. Rizal grand celebration is a rich culturally and Month of Celebration: 12th to 19th of June traditionally embedded history. PAGE @chapelavenice – @kdmeaxx – @dhani_yucah – @ennomicawell 4  PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 The Buhayani Festival, which takes place PHILIPPINE FOLK DANCE in Calamba, Laguna, every other week in June, honors and remembers Dr. José Philippine Folk Dances mirrors the Rizal. It falls on June 19, 1861, which is also culture and tradition of the earliest Dr. Rizal's birthday. Ang Buhayani, which Filipinos and have been source of our commemorates Dr. José Rizal's 158th cultural identity. anniversary, was published on June 19, Because our country is an archipelago, 2015; it is based on the book "Life of there is a great diversity of dances in Heroes." different forms and dynamics that grow Through a festival, Calambeños out of various times, situation and preserved the tradition and memory of experiences. Jose Rizal, the National Hero and cherished son of Laguna. CHARACTERISTICS OF PHILIPPINES The Buhayani Festival was held at FOLK DANCES Calamba, the birthplace of Rizal, to honor his memory and legacy, especially In general, dancers stand apart. among the youth who are seen as the There is little, if any, bodily contact. future of the country. Most of the dances are done by pairs or Calamba City Mayor Roseller Rizal, who is couples. descended from Rizal, stated that it is Hand movements play an important every Calambeño's moral duty to part. preserve Rizal's principles and heritage. Most dances are in long formation. In addition to simultaneous wreath Most dances begin and end with offerings, the Calamba City Local “saludo.” Government commemorated Rizal's Dances from the lowlands have more birth anniversary with a ceremony held foreign elements than those found in the at the hero's childhood home, the Museo uplands. ni Rizal sa Calamba War dances are found among A street dance competition and land non-Christian tribes. float parade passed through the city's historic Rizal Street. FUNDAMENTALS OF PHILIPPINE FOLK Competition participants included street DANCE dancers from Calamba's public and private schools. Dancing routines that The fundamentals of dance are portrayed various periods of Rizal's life as important for starters because this helps well as the history and culture of in basic steps and posture when it comes Calamba served as the competition's to folk dance. main attractions. Arms and feet movements are important The local government and private with these fundamental movements. businesses also contributed large, vibrant These movements are done at the same floats that were adorned with symbols time. representing Rizal's life, including his There are 5 basic fundamental early years in Calamba, his education, his movements involving the arms and feet. works, and his death PAGE @chapelavenice – @kdmeaxx – @dhani_yucah – @ennomicawell 5  PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 1. Both arms raised in front of chest with the finger tips about an inch apart. 2. Both raised sideward with a graceful curve at shoulder level 3. One arm remained in 2nd position; other arm raise over the head 4. One arm raised in front like in 1st position; other arm still raised over the head. 5. Both arms raised over the head. PRE-COLONIAL During the pre-colonial period, dance was an expression of community life that animates various rituals and ceremonies. Our ancestors dance: To please and ask favors from their gods To celebrate a hunt and abundant harvest 1. Heels closed together while the toes To celebrate victories from war were apart with an angle of about 45 To celebrate birth and weddings degrees. To mimic the exotic life forms around 2. Move one foot sideward of about a pace them distance 3. Heel of one foot close to in-step of other SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD foot. Exposed for almost four centuries o 4. Step forward the foot in front on a pace Spanish colonization, the Filipino distance gradually assimilated the dance of 5. Heel of the front foot close to the toe of Spaniards. the rear foot. The elegance of the body and arm movements of foreign dances has fascinated the Filipinos. They adopted and made simpler versions of the PAGE @chapelavenice – @kdmeaxx – @dhani_yucah – @ennomicawell 6  PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 different forms, where each region added Became an Artistic Director for Dance at their own touches. the Folk Arts Theater. Conceptualized and managed the AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD Philippine Folk Dance Society Americans made its presence in the Named as a National Artist for Dance on Philippines through “bodabil.” 1988 for her contribution to dance. It was a theatrical stage presentation featuring various forms. LIGAYA FERNANDO-AMILBANGSA Known for her research on the WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO LEARN PHILIPPINE “Pangalay” or “Igal,” a pre-Islamic FOLK DANCES? traditional dance, and other dance forms Folk dances are important because they in the Southern Philippines preserve the Philippine culture and pass She first learned the dance when she and it on to the next generation. They are the her husband, Datu Punjungan uniting force to the Filipinos. Amilbangsa, moved to Sulu Established Amilbangsa Instruction Method (AIM), which gave children and WOMEN WHO PIONEERED FILIPINO adults the opportunity to study Pangalay FOLK DANCES in a scientific and systematic form. FRANCISCA REYES AQUINO Published 2 books: “Pangalay: Traditional Considered to be the Mother of Dancers and Related Folk Artistic Philippine Folk Dance Expressions (1983)” and “Ukkil: Visual Arts Born in Bocaue, Bulacan of the Sulu Archipelago (2005)” Finished BS Education and earned Co-founded the AlunAlun Dance Circle Master’s Degree in University of the (1999) Philippines Her work has been recognized, both local She travelled to various parts of the and international, including UNESCO and Philippines to record dances from Int’l Dance Competition in Seoul (1994), different provinces where her Pangalay choreography won Recipient of a number of awards, silver award in folk dance category including Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1962 SOME WELL-KNOWN PHILIPPINE Named as a national Artist for Dance on FOLK 1973 for her contribution to dance. LUCRECIA REYES-URTULA ITIK-ITIK Born in Iloilo A mimetic folk dance which originated in Exposed to many folk dances because of the province of Surigao in Mindanao. the her father, a colonel, who was stationed dance steps imitate the movements of in various parts of the Philippines ducks among rice paddies and An apprentice of Francisca Reyes-Aquino swamplands, such as wading, flying, and Graduated with a degree in Physical short, hoppy steps. Education in PWU Instructor in PWU and an Active member TINIKLING of Filipiniana Folk Arts Group A traditional Philippine folk dance which Choreographer and Dance Director of originated during the Spanish colonial Bayanihan Philippine Dance Company era. PAGE @chapelavenice – @kdmeaxx – @dhani_yucah – @ennomicawell 7  PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH (PEH) QUEEN 1ST SEMESTER – SIR ARJO – S.Y. 2024-2025 The dance is widely known as the name THE KURATSA of the Philippine bamboo dance, A Filipino traditional Dance of Courtship Tinikling is also the title of a song that where the male approaches and courts a compares the dance to love. It involves lady in a form of a dance. It depicts the two people beating, tapping, and sliding. courtship between a rooster and a hen. The Kuratsa is highly favored by the SAYAW SA BANKO (SAYAW ED TAPEW NA Visayan people especially the Waray BANGKO) people of the Eastern Visayan region. A dance which originated in Pangasinan. It is performed on top of a narrow bench. CARIÑOSA Dancers need good balance as they go A Philippine folk dance of Hispanic origin through a series of movements. where the fan or handkerchief plays an instrumental role as it place the couple in BINASUAN romantic scenario. a Filipino folk dance from Pangasinan, in which the performer holds full wine glasses in each hand while performing balancing tricks. The word “binasuan” means “with the use of drinking glasses” and it refers to how the performers balance glasses on their heads and hands. PANDANGGO SA ILAW A Philippine folk dance from Pangasinan. This Filipino dance involves balancing oil lamps on your head and hands. Pandanggo or Pandanggo sa Ilaw literally means the 'Fandango with the Light' in English language. PANDANGO OASIWAS A Spanish Fandango dance with its origins coming from the fishing town of Lingayen in Pangasinan. Following their good catch, The Pandanggo Oasiwas is similar to the Pandanggo sa Ilaw, and is typically performed by fishermen to celebrate a good catch. MAGLALATIK (Manlalatik or Magbabao) An indigenous war dance from Laguna where in coconut shells are secured onto the dancers' hands, backs, chests, hips and thighs. PAGE @chapelavenice – @kdmeaxx – @dhani_yucah – @ennomicawell 8