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# Transition Metals Transition metals are located in the periodic table between the s-block and p-block. The number of transition elements exceeds 60, which means they make up more than half of the known elements. The d-block contains 10 vertical columns (groups) due to the gradual filling of the...

# Transition Metals Transition metals are located in the periodic table between the s-block and p-block. The number of transition elements exceeds 60, which means they make up more than half of the known elements. The d-block contains 10 vertical columns (groups) due to the gradual filling of the d sublevel with electrons. This d sublevel consists of five orbitals, which can each hold up to 2 electrons, accounting for a total of 10 electrons. The letter "B" is used to represent the numbers of d-block groups (except the 8th group, also known as group VIII, that consists of 3 vertical columns – groups 8,9, 10). The 8th group VIII is different from the rest in the modern periodic table; its elements share similar properties horizontally more than vertically. ### Series of Transition Metals There are four series of transition metals based on which d sublevel is filled successively: * **First transition series:** This series fills the 3d sublevel. It is located in the 4th period of the periodic table, starting with scandium (Sc) and ending with zinc (Zn). * **Second transition series:** Fills the 4d sublevel in the 5th period beginning with yttrium (Y) and ending with cadmium (Cd). * **Third transition series:** Fills the 5d sublevel in the 6th period, starting with lanthanum (La) and ending with mercury (Hg). * **Fourth transition series:** Fills the 6d sublevel in the 7th period. **(Important note):** The image displays a periodic table, and elements are identified by their atomic number, symbol, and, in many cases, their Latin numbers and other properties.