Nutrition Of The Elderly Part 2 PDF

Nutrition of the Elderly PART 2 Angielica R. Navasero, RND, MSc. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics College of Education Agin a Variou Stage of Lif Basi Concept of Agin Basi Concept of Agin Mechanis of Agin Mechanis of Agin  eorie of Agin Clinker Theory –Loss of cell function d...

Nutrition of the Elderly PART 2 Angielica R. Navasero, RND, MSc. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics College of Education Agin a Variou Stage of Lif Basi Concept of Agin Basi Concept of Agin Mechanis of Agin Mechanis of Agin  eorie of Agin Clinker Theory –Loss of cell function due to the accumulation of waste or defective parts in the cells Wear-and-tear Theory –Aging is due to the chemical and mechanical exhaustion of the cells Somatic Mutation Theory –Suggests that somatic (growing or dividing) cells are inactivated or defective as a result of errors in DNA replication (Mahan, Escott-Stump, Raymond, and Morrow 2021)  eorie of Agin Genetic Theory –Errors in DNA or RNA replication result in the death of the cell or the production of foreign proteins that limit cell function Autoimmune Theory –Errors in the immune system result in the inability of antibodies to distinguish between foreign bodies and normal body cells. Cross-linkage Theory –Collagen molecules are immobilized through cross-linking by free radicals (Mahan, Escott-Stump, Raymond, and Morrow 2021)  eorie of Agin Free Radicals Theory –Malfunction of the cells is caused by an increase in free radicals. Lipid Peroxidation Theory –Oxidation of lipid in the cell membrane destroy its integrity and causes destruction of the cell. Neuroendocrine Alterations Theory –Changes in the neurohormonal chain of events that may result to alterations in function and impairment of normal metabolism. Generalized Errors Theory –Aging is not due to a single entity but to a combination or chain reaction of occurrences which lead to failure of normal metabolism. (Mahan, Escott-Stump, Raymond, and Morrow 2021) (Mahan, Escott-Stump, Raymond, and Morrow 2021) Nutrition Screening and Assessment physical and metabolic changes – can yield inaccurate results ▫ example: height, weight, BMI ↑ fat mass and height 🡫 – vertebral compression arm span or knee height – more accurate measurements Nutrition Screening and Assessment Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) provide primary care professionals with single tool – efficiently identify elderly patients at nutritional risk (subsequently need more extensive nutritional assessment) effective for screening hospitalised elderly and those requiring surgery developed and thoroughly evaluated by researchers in France, Albuquerque, USA and Switzerland in 1990’s originally comprised of 18 questions, the current MNA® now consists of 6 questions Nestle Nutrition Institute, n.d. Nestle Nutrition Institute, n.d. Nestle Nutrition Institute, n.d. Nestle Nutrition Institute, n.d. IHME, 2019 IHME, 2019 IHME, 2019 IHME, 2019 IHME, 2019 IHME, 2021 IHME, 2021 IHME, 2019 References 2015 Philippine Dietary Reference Intake (PDRI). FNRI-DOST. Brown, J. (2011). Nutrition Through the Life Cycle [PDF document]. CA, USA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. Mahan, K., Escott-Stump, S. and Raymond, J. (2012). Krause’s Food & Nutrition Care Process, 13th Edition [PDF document]. Canada: Saunders, Elsevier. Marcus, J. (2013). Culinary Nutrition: The Science and Practice of Healthy Cooking, 1st Edition [PDF document]. USA: Academic Press. Rolfes, S., Pinna, K. and Whitney, E. (2009). Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition, Eighth Edition [PDF document]. CA, USA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. Tortora, G. and Derrickson, B. (2014). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 14 Edition [PDF document]. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Worthington-Roberts, B. and Williams, S. (2000). Nutrition throughout the Life Cycle, Fourth Edition. Boston, USA: McGraw-Hill.