3rd Quarterly Examination EAPP Reviewer PDF

3rd QUARTERLY EXAMINATION EAPP REVIEWER I. ACADEMIC TEXT A. Definition Academic Text is any reading material used in specific subject areas as tool for teaching and learning. The language used is formal. B. Characteristics 1. It has structu...

3rd QUARTERLY EXAMINATION EAPP REVIEWER I. ACADEMIC TEXT A. Definition Academic Text is any reading material used in specific subject areas as tool for teaching and learning. The language used is formal. B. Characteristics 1. It has structured introduction, body, and conclusion. 2. It has information from credible sources that are properly cited. 3. Includes concepts and theories that are related to the specific discipline. 4. It usually contains all properties of a well- written text. C. Major Types 1. Humanities Texts - texts discuss the various human expressions such as art and languages 2. Natural and Applied Sciences - include scientific methods that discuss the objective result of an experiment or the specific research methodology. D. Language Registers 1. Language of Medicine – medical terminologies to describe the body, what it does, and the treatments they prescribe. 2. Language of Law - the language used by people connected to the legal profession. 3. Language of Literature - used in literary writing 4. Language of Business - used in accounting, finance, and economics 5. Language of Journalism - helps us understand how journalists create their stories, reports, points of view, news and media II. Structure of Academic Texts A. Argumentative Structure – the writer presents his/her stand on an issue. This structure requires claims and evidence. 1. Introduction – Presentation of Issue and Thesis 2. Body – Major and Minor Details 3. Conclusion – Summary of Major and Minor Details B. Problem-Solution Structure – mostly used in the field of science as it requires scientific method in observing the problem and experimenting the best possible solution. C. Factual Report - The writer presents the: who, what, where, when, why, and how of an event. Examples of factual reports are narratives and newspaper articles. III. Summarizing Academic Texts A. Components 1. Summarized Ideas 2. Citation (Name of Authors and Date of Publication) B. Formats 1. Author Heading Format – citation comes before the summarized idea.  Example: The study of Kabilan et al. (2010) shows that the students perceived FB as an online environment to expedite language learning specifically English. Bold – citation Italicized – summarized ideas 2. Idea Heading Format – summarized idea comes before the citation. Example: Benchmarking is a useful strategy that has the potential to help public officials improve the performance of local services (Folz,2004; Ammons,2001). Italicized – summarized ideas Bold – citation 3. Date Heading Format - the summarized idea comes after the date when the material was published. Example: In their 2004 study on the impact of participatory development approach, Irvin and Stansburry argue that participation can be valuable to the participants and the government in terms of the process and outcomes of decision making. Bold – date of publication Italicized – summarized ideas IV. Thesis Statement A. Definition - A one to two sentence summary of the ideas in an academic text. - Mostly found in the last part of the introduction to guide, control, and unify all ideas. B. Traits of A Strong Thesis Statement 1. Takes a stand 2. Specific 3. Unified Ideas and expresses one main idea 4. Debatable and controversial C. Types 1. Explicit – directly stated 2. Implicit – indirectly stated V. Outlining A. Definition Logical arrangement of ideas in an academic text. B. Formats 1. Traditional – uses alphanumeric (roman numerals, letters, and numbers) 2. Standard – uses decimal C. Types 1. Topic outline – entries are in keywords or phrases 2. Sentence outline – entries are in sentence form. D. Principles 1. Parallelism – same language structure 2. Coordination – level of importance is considered in the arrangement of major details.  3. Subordination – differences of importance is considered in the arrangement of major and minor detail. 4. Division – there must be at least two major details E. Steps in Crafting an Outline 1. Place your thesis statement at the beginning. 2. List down the major points that support your thesis statement using Roman Numerals (I, II, III, etc.). 3. List down the supporting ideas or arguments for each major point using capital letters (A, B, C, etc.). 4. If applicable, continue to sub-divide each supporting idea until your outline is fully developed using the numbers 1, 2, 3, etc., and then a, b, c, etc. as needed. VI. Writing A Critique Paper A. Definition Critique is derived from ancient Greek (“kritike”). It is defined as a careful judgment in which you shape your opinion about the strengths and weaknesses of a piece of writing or work of art. B. Literary Approaches In Writing Critique 1. Formalism (analyzing the structure of a text) Question to answer: What is the title, setting, other elements etc. and to what extent it is symbolic? 2. Feminism (analyzing how gender of a character controls a story) Question to answer: How do the images of women in the story reflect patriarchal social forces that have impeded women’s efforts to achieve full equality with men? 3. Marxism (analyzing how money and power are associated with social classes) Question to answer: What kinds of power (social, economic, sexual, physical, etc.) are evident in the text? What is the social order? What role does class play in the work; what is the author's analysis of class relations? 4. Archetypal (focuses on connections to other literature, mythological/biblical allusions, archetypal images, symbols, characters, and themes.) Question to answer: Is there a Christ-like figure in the work? Does the writer allude to biblical or mythological literature? For what purpose? 5. Biographical (Focuses on connection of work to author’s personal experiences Question to answer: What aspects of the author’s personal life are relevant to this story? 6. Reader’s Response (stresses the attachment or strong connectionism of an individual reader’s mind to the piece at hand) Question to answer: What does the text have to do with you, personally, and with your life (past, present or future)? VII. Concept Paper A. Definition  A concept paper enables in putting thoughts and ideas into paper for consideration for research. It is from the concept paper that one develops the research proposal which can either be business or academic oriented. B. Methods in Expounding Concept 1. By Definition - identifies a term and sets it apart from all other terms that may be related to it. Example: A gene is a chemical unit of atomic proportions buried in every living cell. It determines the structure of an organism and frequently its ways. It is capable of self-production and is inheritable. 2. By Explication - it is the process of spelling out the implications of something and derived from this, in turn, is the sense of "explication" that refers to the product of this process: some account of what the implications of something are. Explication, in other words, is a kind of explanation of an observation that requires evidence. Example: I was disappointed by the movie. The soundtrack was tinny and flat, and when there was supposed to be silence you could hear popping sounds and white noise instead. There were little starts and skips in the film where the cuts have been badly pasted together. 3. By Clarification - is an analysis of an abstract concept through investigation of examples and the identification of critical and less critical attributes. Signal words are: in other words, specifically, and to illustrate. Example: A company’s financial statements are generated from summary totals in the ledger. For instance, sales ledgers record accounts receivable. This ledger consists of the financial transactions made by customers to the company. Purchase ledgers record money spent for purchasing by the company while general ledgers represent the five main account types of namely assets, liabilities, income, expenses and capital.