Music & Arts Handout - Neoclassicism, Romanticism & Festivals PDF

**3rd QUARTER** **Music 9:** **Unit III: Instrumental Music of the Romantic Period** The 19th century witnessed the rise of Romanticism in art, literature, and music. Romanticism emphasized emotion over intellect, individuality, and dramatic expression, beginning in France with Jean-Jacques Rouss...

**3rd QUARTER** **Music 9:** **Unit III: Instrumental Music of the Romantic Period** The 19th century witnessed the rise of Romanticism in art, literature, and music. Romanticism emphasized emotion over intellect, individuality, and dramatic expression, beginning in France with Jean-Jacques Rousseau and extending to poets like Goethe in Germany and Sir Walter Scott in England. **LESSON 1: From Classical to Romantic Music** **Key Concepts:** - **Transition from Classical to Romantic Music**: - Beethoven bridged the gap between Classical and Romantic periods. - Composers like Clara Schumann and Fanny Mendelssohn contributed significantly. - **Role of Music as an Industry**: - Composers, publishers, and managers expanded music's reach. - Prominent figures included Liszt, Berlioz, and Wagner. - **Purpose of Romantic Music**: - Focused on arousing and exploring emotions. - Dance music (e.g., waltz) became popular, exemplified by Strauss. **Characteristics of Romantic Music:** - **Rhythm**: Irregular and complex. - **Melody**: Emotional and story-telling. - **Harmony**: Tonal. - **Texture**: Homophonic, blending vocal and instrumental music. - **Instrumentation**: Highlighted piano, expanded orchestras, and new tone colors. **Piano Music:** - The piano was the centerpiece of Romantic music, evolving significantly: - Improved sound volume and mechanics. - Grand pianos became prominent in concert halls. - Early composers using piano pedals: Haydn, Clementi, Beethoven. **Key Pianists:** - Beethoven, Chopin, Liszt, Clara Schumann. **Life and Works of Composers:** **Franz Liszt (1811-1886):** - Began composing at 8 and debuted publicly at 9. - Known for pioneering **symphonic poems**. - Composed over 700 works and inspired \"Lisztomania.\" - Passed away from pneumonia after a career of touring and innovation. **Frederic Chopin (1810-1849):** - Born in Warsaw, Poland; moved to Paris in 1831. - Composed iconic works like **Revolutionary Etude**. - Innovator in piano music with works such as: - 59 Mazurkas - 27 Etudes - 21 Nocturnes - 20 Waltzes - Suffered from health issues; died of tuberculosis in 1849. **Peter Tchaikovsky (1840-1893):** - First Russian composer recognized internationally. - Composed famous works like **1812 Overture** and **The Nutcracker**. - Struggled with depression and personal challenges. - His final symphony premiered shortly before his death, which remains a mystery (suspected cholera or suicide). **[ARTS 9]** **Neoclassicism and Romanticism** **Neoclassicism (1780s)** - Derived from \"neos\" (new) and \"classicus\" (first class), Neoclassicism revisits classical Greek and Roman art and ideals. - Linked to the Age of Enlightenment, this movement emphasized order, logic, and historical accuracy, portraying Roman history and elevating Roman heroes. - Key characteristics: formal composition, emotional restraint, local color, and smooth textures. - Key artists: - *Jacques-Louis David*: Known for \"The Death of Marat\" and \"Oath of the Horatii.\" - *Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres*: Famous for \"Napoleon on the Imperial Throne.\" **Romanticism (1800s-1810s)** - A reaction to Neoclassicism, Romanticism emphasized emotion, imagination, and nature. - Themes included supernatural elements, social injustice, and dramatic landscapes. - Key characteristics: emotional extremes, dynamic compositions, and rich brushstrokes. - Key artists: - *Theodore Géricault*: Famous for \"The Raft of the Medusa.\" - *Eugène Delacroix*: Known for \"Liberty Leading the People.\" - *Francisco Goya*: Created works like \"The Third of May\" and \"Saturn Devouring His Son.\" **Comparison** - **Neoclassicism**: Focused on reason, tradition, and societal values, with structured compositions and smooth finishes. - **Romanticism**: Celebrated individuality, freedom, and nature, with dramatic, expressive works and visible brushstrokes. **[Physical Education 9 ]** **Festival Dances** **1. Secular/Non-Religious Festivals:** - **Bangus Festival** (Dagupan, Pangasinan) -- Milkfish Industry (April-May) - **Bambanti Festival** (Isabela) -- Scarecrow/Farming (January) - **Mammangui Festival** (City of Ilagan) -- Corn Industry (May) - **Mango Festival** (Iba, Zambales) -- Mango Industry (April) - **Panagbenga Festival** (Baguio City) -- Flower Industry (February) - **Ibon Ebon Festival** (Pampanga) -- Migratory Birds/Egg Industry (February) - **Masskara Festival** (Bacolod City) -- Mask/Sugar Industry (October) - **T'nalak Festival** (Koronadal, Cotabato) -- Colorful Abaca (January) - **Ammungan Festival** (Nueva Vizcaya) -- Tribal Industries Gathering (May) - **Binatbatan Festival** (Vigan, Ilocos Sur) -- Weaving Industry (May) **2. Religious Festivals:** - **Sinulog Festival** (Cebu City) -- Sto. Niño (January) - **Dinagyang Festival** (Iloilo City) -- Sto. Niño (January) - **Ati-Atihan Festival** (Kalibo, Aklan) -- Sto. Niño (January) - **Peñafrancia Festival** (Bicol) -- Virgin Mary (September) - **Higantes Festival** (Angono, Rizal) -- Saint Clement (November) - **Longganisa Festival** (Vigan City, Ilocos Sur) -- Saint Paul (January) - **Kinabayo Festival** (Dapitan City) -- James the Great (July) - **Pintados de Passi Festival** (Passi City, Iloilo) -- Sto. Niño (March) - **Pattarradday Festival** (Santiago City) -- Señor San Tiago (May) - **Sangyaw Festival** (Tacloban City) -- Sto. Niño (July) **Locomotor and Non-Locomotor Movements** **1. Locomotor Movements** - **Step**: Transfer of weight from one foot to the other. - **Walk**: Series of steps in any direction. - **Run**: Faster steps; only one foot touches the ground at a time. - **Jump**: Both feet lose contact with the ground. **2. Non-Locomotor Movements** - **Flexion**: Decreasing the joint angle. - **Extension**: Increasing the joint angle. - **Contraction**: Shortening or tightening of muscles. - **Release**: Opposite of contraction, letting go. - **Collapse**: Dropping energy into a body segment. - **Recover**: Regaining energy after collapse. - **Rotation**: Moving a body part in a full circular motion. - **Twist**: Turning a body part halfway or quarter around its axis. - **Pivot**: Partial turning on a base (e.g., foot). - **Turn**: Full turning movement while maintaining balance. **Basic Folk Dance Steps in 2/4 Time** 1. **Close Step** 2. **Change Step** 3. **Hop Step** 4. **Touch Step** 5. **Cross Change Step** 6. **Cross Step** 7. **Heel-toe Change Step** **HEALTH 9** **First Aid Basics** 1. **Definition**: Immediate care provided to someone injured or ill until professional help arrives. 2. **Roles of First Aid** - Acts as a bridge between the victim and the physician. - Ends when professional medical services begin. 3. **Objectives of First Aid** - Save lives, prolong life, alleviate suffering, and prevent further injury. **Characteristics of a Good First Aider** 1. Gentle and calm, does not panic. 2. Observant, notices all signs. 3. Resourceful, uses available tools effectively. 4. Sympathetic and tactful in reassuring the victim. **Principles of First Aid**\ **Do's:** - Stay calm and reassure the victim. - Check for medical conditions. - Loosen tight clothing.\ **Don'ts:** - Do not give food or drinks to an unconscious person. - Do not move an injured person unless necessary. **Bandaging** 1. **Uses**: Stops bleeding, covers wounds, immobilizes injuries. 2. **Types of Bandages** - **Triangular**: For slings or padding. - **Ace Bandage**: Secures dressings in place. - **Tubular Bandage**: Supports joints or holds dressings, especially for fingers. 3. **Phases of Bandaging** - **Open Phase**: Used for head, chest, back, hand, and foot wounds. - **Cravat Phase**: For wounds needing extra support (e.g., forehead, jaw, shoulder). **Types of Wounds** 1. **Closed Wounds**: No skin break, may result in contusions or hematomas. 2. **Open Wounds**: Break in the skin, including: - **Puncture**: From nails or needles. - **Abrasion**: Scraped skin. - **Incision**: Clean cut from sharp objects. - **Laceration**: Irregular tears from blunt forces. - **Avulsion**: Forcible tearing of tissue.