Health 9 2nd Quarter Lecture Notes PDF

**Lecture in Health III 3^rd^ Grading** **Prevention of Substance Use and Abuse** **(Drug Scenario in the Philippines)** **Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002** - The first comprehensive legislation in drug abuse prevention and control (RA 6425) - Gave more teeth to the government drive against...

**Lecture in Health III 3^rd^ Grading** **Prevention of Substance Use and Abuse** **(Drug Scenario in the Philippines)** **Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002** - The first comprehensive legislation in drug abuse prevention and control (RA 6425) - Gave more teeth to the government drive against illegal drug trade and addiction - The provision of Republic Act no. 9165, otherwise known as the **Comprehensive Drug Act of 2002** **Common Concepts in Drug Education** - The following are usual words you will encounter in studying substance use and abuse **1. Drugs** - Any substance or chemicals which when taken into the body either through nasal, oral transdermal or intravenous way that affects a person behavior, emotion and way or thinking **2. Drugs of Abuse** - Drugs commonly abused by users usually referring to marijuana, inhalants and shabu **3. Drug Dependence** - Phenomena creating a strong desire to the substance **4. Drug Misuse** - The use of a substance incoherent or inconsistent with the prescribed dosage and frequency of use **5. Drug Abuse** - The use of substance for non medical purposes that leads to organ damage (brain and liver), addiction and troubled behavioral pattern **6. Drug Tolerance** - The condition of the body to adapt to the effects of substance to the body **Lesson 2: The Risk and Protective Factors of Using Drugs** - Risk factors are those that contribute to drug abuse and protective factors prevent drug abuse - The use, misuse and abuse of drugs are the result of various factors surrounding a person, these factors either increase or decrease the possibility of a person to use drugs **[Risks Factors]** - Increases the chances of using, missing and abusing drugs **[Protective Factors]** - Decreases the chances of using, missing and abusing drugs **Domains of Life that Affect Drug Use and Abuse** 1. **Personal**- Early Aggressive Behavior vs. Self Control 2. **Family**- Weak Parental Guidance vs. Strong Parental Guidance 3. **Peer and Friends**- Substance Abuse vs. Academic Excellent 4. **School**- Availability of Drugs vs. Strong Anti Drug policies 5. **Community**- Poverty vs. Strong Community Relationship **Lesson 3: Classification of Drug of Abuse (Short Term and Long Term Effects)** **The 6 Classification of Drugs Abuse** **1. Gateway Drugs** - Legal drugs that a non-drug user might try, which can lead him/her to more dangerous drugs - Cigarette and alcohol is the best example +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Short Term Effects** | **Long Term Effects** | +===================================+===================================+ | - Headache | - Damage of organ | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Slurred speech | - Paralysis | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Slow body reflex, over | - It place the user in a | | confident, mood swing, | dangerous and | | experience of block out | life-threatening situation | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **2. Depressants** - Drugs that slow down a person's CNS. - These are drugs that help person to be less angry, less stressed or tensed, relax muscles and nerves and can also make patient's feel sleepy - Includes: alcohol, barbiturates and tranquilizers +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Short Term Effects** | **Long Term Effects** | +===================================+===================================+ | - Slow brain function | - Aggressive behavior | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Slow heart/pulse rate | - Depression | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Poor judgment/ less focus | - Coma/ death | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Confusion and irritability | - paralysis | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **3. Stimulants** - Drugs that speed up a person's CNS - Includes: shabu, caffeine, nicotine and cocaine +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Short Term Effects** | **Long Term Effects** | +===================================+===================================+ | - Increase heart/pulse rate | - Paranoia | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Increase respiration/blood | - Brain damage/kidney | | pressure | damage/liver damage | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Decreased appetite | - Coma/ death | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Inability to sleep | - Heart attack, stroke | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **4. Narcotics** - Drugs that relive pain and induce sleepiness - Include cocaine, heroin and marijuana +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Short Term Effects** | **Long Term Effects** | +===================================+===================================+ | - Drowsiness, Euphoria | - Development of hepatitis, | | | tetanus. HIV | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Loss of appetite, vomiting | - Coma/death | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Nausea, chill, shaking | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Weight loss | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Difficulty in | | | breathing/sleeping | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Panics attack | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **5. Hallucinogens (Illusions)** - Drugs that distorts reality and facts - Affects all senses - Includes lysergic acid , psilocybin obtained from mushrooms and mescaline +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Short Term Effects** | **Long Term Effects** | +===================================+===================================+ | - Hallucination | - Increase blood pressure | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Memory loss, poor body | - Flashback | | coordination | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Aggressive behavior | - Coma/ death | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Inability to sleep | - Psychosis | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **6. Inhalants** - Found in ordinary household products an anesthetic like acetone, rugby solvent - Abuse may leads to delusions, brain damage, liver damage, coma and death +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Short Term Effects** | **Long Term Effects** | +===================================+===================================+ | - Hallucination | - Brain/nerve damage | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Slurred speech | - Muscle spasms | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Delusions | - Loss of hearing | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - Foul breath | - Bone marrow damage | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Lesson 4: Myths and Misconceptions about Drugs of Abuse** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Myths** | **Facts** | +===================================+===================================+ | - Drugs improves memory | - It shut down proper brain | | | functioning | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - It helps in the digestion of | - It do not help in the | | foods | digestion | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - It make a person bold an d | - It place the user in a | | brave | dangerous and | | | life-threatening situation | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - It remove life's problems and | - It worsen life problem's and | | worries | worries | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | - It heat up the body | - It make the body lose heat | | | faster that n normal | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Sign and symptoms of drug use:** - Declining interest in studies and work - Negative outlook in life, severe feeling of depression and loneliness - Uncontrolled irritation - Paranoia (fear of people always stalk or talk about him/her) - Involvement in fights and crimes - Foul body smell - Loss of balance, weight, appetite - Poor judgment, loss of concentration **Lesson 5: Effects of Drug Use** **a. On the Family** - Broken and unhappy family ties - Ignored duties and responsibilities - Financial constraint due to drug dependence and addiction - Family dishonor and embarrassment - Separation **b. On the School** - Poor academic performance - Increased rate of absenteeism and tardiness - Increased incidence of school fights - Low academic achievement rate - Incidence of disrespect to school authorities **c. On the Community** - High incidence of crime such as stealing, rubbery, rape - High incidence of accidents - Affected economy - Loss government funds due to drug related operations, treatment and rehabilitation **Lesson 6: Prevention and Control of Substance Use and Abuse** **a. Protective factors needed to fight drug use and abuse** - Loving and caring family - Involvement in sports - Positive outlook in life/self-image - Caring and supportive friends - Right attitudes, ability to cope with stresses and depression **b. Mode of Treatment** 1. **Eclectic Approach** - Holistic approach - Addresses the different personality aspects of the patience 2. **Spiritual Approach** - Teaching of the Bible as a source of inspiration 3. **Therapeutic Approach** - Role modeling and peer play and important part of the program - Goal is to turn patients into responsible citizens 4. **Hazelden-Minnesotta Model** - Approach that teaches a set of values and beliefs 5. **Multidiciplinary Team Approach** - Approach that utilizes professional skills and services of a team (professional medical team)